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If you have proof you need to go to the cops, that's the only way to get him arrested. If you're nervous there are various victim resources you can access depending on location. I'm sorry that you have to face this and i understand you're scared but the authorities are the answer here. Also as a matter of personal advice if at all possible see a therapist, if you're in college there are campus resources usually. </s>

Call the police </s>

<s>[INST] My dad sexually abused me from when I was 4-12/13 and is planning on having another child. How do I get him arrested? My father is a psychopath and a pedophile and I have proof. I haven't spoken to his side of the family because they know about him and they are protecting him. I'm afraid to speak publicly about it because he has a lot of money and connections. I'm in Massachusetts. I need as much advice as possible. What are my options? [/INST]

We’re much, much more aware of where those vortices are, and can adjust our position to avoid them. Also, separation between aircraft is also for safety during abrupt, unexpected maneuvers, not just for vortices. I’m talking directly to the other aircraft in my flight so I’m aware of when abrupt turns will happen.. if I’m in front, I know the position of the other aircraft to be able to avoid turning in a way that endangers them. Commercial aircraft don’t have a lot of direct communication with other aircraft without preplanning frequencies. </s>

It's like watching a race car go down a track at 300 kilometres an hour, compared to a bus full of 50 people doing forty on a city street. If a bus went 300 down the street with another bus a half-second behind it, I don't think any of the passengers would be getting on that bus ever again. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old:Why do Large Planes Require Horizontal and Vertical Separation to Avoid Vortices, But Military Planes Fly Closely Together With No Issue? [/INST]

How about orcs from Lord of the Rings? They seem to consistently pose a threat to the fellowship, and even kill off one of the main characters, Boromir. </s>

I kind of dug how all the henchmen in Marvel's Daredevil would actually get back up. Also off the top of my head there's this funny interaction with a non inept guard in Titan A.E. </s>

<s>[INST] [Science Fiction/Fantasy] Are there any Universe(s) where 'Storm Trooper' Level Henchmen pose a real and dangerous threat to the named Main Characters? Instead of Red Shirts getting killed, are there any universes where the main characters would be seriously injured from the low level soldiers and have to be extremely cautious. I'm looking for something a bit more grounded or at least one where the main characters don't possess a significant advantage. [/INST]

When you are laying at night with your eyes closed and relaxed, but you feel awake, you may actually be in the first stage of sleep. People who go for sleep studies can report that they didn't sleep all night but when their brain wave activity is analyzed, they were going in and out of light sleep. </s>

Resting would, I think, have a similar effect on the physical recuperation side of things, but wouldn’t help with the mental aspects of recovery that sleeping provides. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: If you can't sleep so you lay still for an extended period of time with your eyes closed, does that do anything to restore energy? Or does the fact you're still awake make it a useless gesture? [/INST]

The check is a fake and will eventually be cancelled by your bank. </s>

It’s still a scam. Just because the funds are available doesn’t mean the check cleared. Your bank will be taking all of that money back soon. </s>

<s>[INST] Thought I was being scammed by someone on Craigslist, but now I have $900 more than im supposed to. Can i keep the money? Guy on Craigslist gave me $1100 check for a $150 item and told me to pay his mover when the guy picks it up. Told me to pay the mover immediately with itunes giftcards or cash when he came (at a time before the check cleared). I thought it was a scam and wouldnt let the guy pick it up until the check went theough, which i doubted. Now the check went through and im wondering if i can just keep it because this guy put me through hell.Can I legally keep the money without consequence? I know its kind of scummy but morals arent in question. Also can he still scam me and remove the deposit from my account after I pay him. Edit: I live in New Hampshire. [/INST]

Contrary to most answers here. Devices like SawStop use captive sensing not resistive. Simply touching the blade does not make you part of any circuit. Doing so would also be a safety risk since any malfunction of the device could send more current down your body than is safe. Instead they use captive sensing. The circuit monitors the capacitance of the blade and when something with high capacitance is added to the blade it can be detected without any significant current passing. The blade has a known capacitance that is tested when powered up. If that changes say more than 10%, fire the safety mechanism. Here is a tutorial if you are curious. </s>

The saw blade carries an electrical current, and the braking system monitors this. When your hand touches the blade, your *electrical* resistance changes that circuit and triggers the emergency stop. The stops are quite violent, so don’t test this. </s>

<s>[INST] Eli5: how do modern cutting tools with an automatic stop know when a finger is about to get cut? I would assume that the additional resistance of a finger is fairly negligible compared to the density of hardwood or metal [/INST]

2003 Mazda Miata for around town and wannabe raceboi duties and a 1993 Mitsubishi Pajero for utility, off-roading, and road-trips. </s>

2018 Ford Fiesta ST bought it used last year. Love it. And I love that it’s a manual. </s>

<s>[INST] Hi Engineers, what car do you own? Are you a car person? [/INST]

People keep assuming animals, but he really could have gone with pretty much any theme given his powers. Might become a modern day science hero ala Tom strong because hes smart but I doubt it. Spiderman is who peter wants to be, and he doesnt want to be a nerd. I imagine he'd pick something which emphasizes his strength and physical prowess and he'd have captain america as a clear example to look up to (and soldiers are strong and cool and not nerds) so I imagine he'd go for that as a theme </s>

Strongest Avenger </s>

<s>[INST] Marvel] What kind of superhero would Peter Parker be if he didn't realize he was bitten by a spider? [Based on this tumblr post. If we assume that Peter didn't realize he was bitten by a spider, didn't connect that he was at a science lab, and just woke up with stickiness, strength, and sensitivity, what kind of superhero persona would he present? [/INST]

add a section "executive summary" to your report with the key-things you want management to know in the terminology they will understand. Management won't read any further. you might add a "cake clause" somewhere hidden in one of the sections, stating you buy cake for anyone pointing out the cake-clause to you. </s>

First, you need to drop the whole “simple and stupid” attitude. If you cannot communicate the results in a manner that is related to the bottom line and the impact, that’s your fault. Communication and understanding why you are doing the work you are is your job. Write a requirement for: 1. Executive summary of results 2. Establish Metrics (KPI’s etc.) </s>

<s>[INST] How do you say "so simple that even management understands it" without saying it? My fellow English-speaking engineers, I need your help. I need someone to design a test for me. The problem is that I have gained management attention. I need the setup and especially the results and the reports so simple and stupid, that even management can understand it. How do you write a requirement for this, without using the actual words? The following come to mind, but are problematic: The setup shall follow the KISS principle on executive level. The report shall be adopted to management or elementary school standards, whatever is lower. [/INST]

You're sweating more, which consumes a lot of water. Dehydration causes fatigue. Your skin is likely also taking some damage from the UV radiation, which means your body also needs to spend energy on repairing that. </s>

During heat, your veins expand. Having bigger veins allows more blood to carry heat to the skin so it can be evaporated or radiated away. However, expanded veins also means more blood volume drops is allowed to drop to the extremities thanks to gravity and the heart has to work harder to pump blood. Feelings of tiredness can also be caused by losing too much water OR electrolytes from sweating. Water has been discussed, but electrolytes like sodium, potassium and chloride are key to regulating the chemical signalling of your body. When those electrolytes drop and are not replenished it can cause many side effects from tiredness all the way to confusion and even less of consciousness. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old - Why does being in the sun drain so much energy? To me 5 hours in the sun just walking is like 12 hours of working construction indoors. What causes this effect? [/INST]

I asked my brother the chef this same question. He said some herbs and spices in small quantities add to the overall flavor of dish. They are background notes that make a dish more interesting and the taste more complex. </s>

How old are your spices? Dry spices don’t last forever. </s>

<s>[INST] Do I really only use 1 tsp of spices? So many recipes instruct you to use 1 tsp of each spice in the dish. I just can’t even taste this small of an amount. If I make spaghetti and I add such a small amount of oregano, I can’t taste it and I have no idea it’s even there. Is there some sort of method I can use for determining how much of a spice to add? I just want to get into spices but I’m confused. [/INST]

the answer you seek </s>

We don't know. I personally subscribe to the theory that he is a personification of Arda itself, or at least Middle-Earth. </s>

<s>[INST] [LoTR] what exactly IS Tom Bombadil? This... man? Person? Being who can casually try on The One Ring without being even remotely affected by it. [/INST]

It's more that he has a battery (or... whatever...) that is 100% efficient when in Standby mode. We don't know that he was "on" for the entirety of the times he was lost/buried alive/etc. He could've been off, with some minimal, minimal sensors running once every day/month/whatever. Or even some kind of *passive* sensors. They'd power him back up when there's a reason to be powered up. </s>

I'll have you know Bender is made of 40% power source. </s>

<s>[INST] Futurama] Bender can stay "on" for untold periods of time. What kind of power source could permit such an existence? In [Roswell that Ends Well, just his head is stuck in the dirt for 1000+ years before the crew comes and finds him. In Bender's Big Score, his ability to wait out time in the limestone caverns beneath Planet Express is a major plot device. In The Futurama Holiday Spectacular, during the second of three stories, Bender is effectively just "chilling" for 500 MILLION years, and seems to be completely oblivious to the passage of time! What gives? [/INST]

Heavy drinkers can damage their liver, which in turn can cause a condition called ascites where your abdomen fills up with fluid, and will eventually get round and hard like an overfilled water balloon. The treatment is literally to poke a needle into their belly and drain out the extra fluid, after which the round, hard look you are describing will be reduced. This is different from a "beer belly" someone might get from drinking too many calories in beer. </s>

It is *visceral fat,* the kind that grows *behind* your abdominal muscles and makes them stick out, as opposed to an external blob of fat. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: What makes a beer belly how it is, round and hard? What makes it different from a normal stomach or a soft(fat) stomach? [/INST]

No, this has been proven. Per Stanford study: Running elicited a significantly greater total energy expenditure than walking on both the treadmill and the track (P < 0.001) for both genders (Fig. 1a). On the treadmill, the males expended 520.6 ± 27.6 kJ for 1600 m; this was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the energy expenditure by the females (441.1 ± 25.6 kJ). For the walk, the males expended 370.4 ± 17.7 kJ, and the females expended 309.6 ± 17.2 kJ for 1600 m (P < 0.05 between genders). When energy expenditure was adjusted for fat-free mass, the gender effect disappeared, but running exercise still required more energy than walking (P < 0.01; Fig. 1b). </s>

There's a u-shaped sort of curve for walking. It's more biomechanically efficient at slower speeds (becoming less efficient at very low speeds as basal metabolism becomes significant given the amount of time). This has a whole bunch of info, and takes slope into account. Pretty cool. According to their data, a 14 min/mile is roughly the crossover point where running starts to be more efficient, but that depends on the person a bit (different sized legs). Any running motion is pretty much steady-state as far as energy expenditure/distance. </s>

<s>[INST] Does running a mile in 10 minutes burn the same number of calories as walking a mile in 20 minutes? [/INST]

Because he very likely isn't. Ego straight up says to Linguini that he only swallow food if he loves it. Seeing how he's still alive, there likely is a very small number of restaurants that he loves or at least likes enough to be a constant patron to. He likely did write reviews that, even if not stuffed with praises were very kind to these restaurants, so his negative reviews are still viewed as worth something. Adding on to this, Gusteau's restaurant was presented as the best of the best. If Gusteau's couldn't get a good review, when other equal or possibly even lesser known restaurants could, then that means Gusteau's was unworthy of being considered the best. </s>

Ego isn't negative about *every* restaurant. His standards are very high, but not unattainable. If a restaurant meets them, the world knows it's *impeccable*. However he was highly critical of Gusteau's philosophy, seeing him as a showman rather than a dedicated chef, and was negatively inclined towards him despite his talent. </s>

<s>[INST] [Ratatouille] Why would a review from Ego be the death of a restaurant if he's negative about everyone? Surely at some point people would stop judging his reviews if everything is bad or unreviewed [/INST]

Outside of the movies, so likely legends now, there are stories about a massive clean up effort to catch any kind of debris before it could rain down on the planet. Little pieces of debris could likely be ignored, as the atmosphere would handle it assuming there wasn't too much. Bigger pieces could be grabbed by tractor beams and pulled into stable orbit around Endor for future recycling. </s>

The Death Star was far less massive than a 500km lump of solid rock/iron, it was about 1/3rd the diameter and mostly hollow. The explosion that destroyed it would have accelerated matter in all directions fairly evenly, much of it would have wound up in a higher orbit rather than one that immediately entered the atmosphere. It was also only travelling orbital velocity, where as an asteroid would be travelling much faster relative to the planet(/moon). The impact force would be orders of magnitude less than with the asteroid depicted. </s>

<s>[INST] Starwars]Why didn't the Death Star cause some kind of catastrophic extinction event on Endor when it fell from space? [I mean I would have expected something like this. [/INST]

A person never "just dies", there is always a underlying cause. But when a 90 year old man dies in his sleep, no one is going to bother cutting open the body to hunt down the cause. At that point instead of wasting energy, they say the cause of death is "Old age" </s>

Dying from old age is just something we made up. In reality, there's some underlying cause like a heart attack. But since grandma was 97 years old, we don't worry about trying to rationalize it. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How Does A Person "Just" Die? You often hear about people "dying of old age", just passing on while they where relaxing on a day out with their family at the beach at the age of 97 or something. What causes this? Does the body just "give up"? If that's true, how does "dying of old age" effect different people at different ages? [/INST]

In the 1970s I subscribed to "Horseman" magazine. There was a brief (write in) discussion about the wisdom of changing the name to "Horsewoman" since a majority of subscribers were, in fact, women. Of course the suggestion never got off the ground. One comment summed it all up, "Individually some of us may be horsewomen, but collectively we are all horsemen." </s>

I thought the term actress was going out of style - I see people say actor now as a universal term - actor, person who acts. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why do we put ress at the end of some words, like actress, mayoress and murderess, but not for others like doctress, accountantress, or teacheress? [/INST]

Semiconductor Engineer here. We’re considered “critical infrastructure” and we’re busier than ever. </s>

I work in an EV startup and this had pretty much no effect on my job. I even got a raise just before the pandemic. This is mainly because pandemic had no effect on revenues as it was zero to begin with </s>

<s>[INST] Which engineering jobs were the most/least affected by the pandemic? As an argentinian student about to graduate as an electronic technician, I am considering various factors when choosing my career. I realized that whether my future job can endure a hypothetical pandemic or not is an important thing. Therefore, I would like to know how various current engineering and technical jobs were affected by this. Any personal experiences are appreciated (maybe some engineering were even benefited). &#x200B; Thank you very much! [/INST]

I'm not sure if she counts as street level, but Poison Ivy is incredibly powerful and has proven she could pretty much take over the world if that was her overall goal. </s>

The Purple man easily. </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel/DC] What street level villains could become national/global threats if they just applied themselves? [/INST]

Midgard at the time was under the protection of Odin. Odin is one of the few people that Thanos has to worry about. So he sent Loki so Odin wouldn't know it was him that was ordering the attack and so that Odin would use a softer hand then he would if Ronan or the Black Order showed up. </s>

While he was willing to act through seemingly unconnected agents for individual Stones, Thanos waited to personally act until he knew where he could find all six Stones. He's already notorious, but he knows that if he starts going after Infinity Stones directly then the rest of the universe is going to go into panic mode and rally to stop him. Hitting all six in succession minimizes the chances of them successfully coming up with a counterplan. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] Why didn’t Thanos invade New York himself in the movie Avengers? If he wanted the stones so badly, why didn’t he take his overwhelming forces and force the planet to submit like all others? [/INST]

It's precisely because America is able to cram in ads most other ways. </s>

Nascar is covered with ads, and some people consider it a sport </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why aren't the jerseys in American sports leagues (nhl, nfl, nba) covered in company logos when you can barely see the team colours here in Europe? It's so nice to watch American sports when you're used to team jerseys looking like a patchwork of ads here in Europe! Why is this? It feels like it should be the other way around since america seems to be able to cram in ads most other ways. [/INST]

Tungsten is very dense, very hard, and ferromagnetic, which makes it perfect rail gun ammunition. </s>

-It's extremely hard -its ferromagnatic Two things you need in a railgun projectile </s>

<s>[INST] [The Expanse novels] Ships in this book series use rail guns that fire tungsten rods. Why tungsten specifically? What makes it the material of choice for a rail gun projectile? [/INST]

Just got a raise </s>

I just got promoted and am managing 2 people. D is for diploma! </s>

<s>[INST] What ever happens to the engineers that believe in "C's get degrees" or do the bare minimum in school? Is it hard to get hired? [/INST]

The notice to quit ends your lease term, so you are not responsible for rent after the specified date of your move-out. </s>

Your lease can prohibit legal things- many leases prohibit smoking. > which they have no proof of Your apartment probably stinks. </s>

<s>[INST] My landlord gave me a notice to quit and repossess property two months before our lease is over. The paper says it's due to Marijuana use which they have no proof of (its legal recreationally for 21+ which we both are but the lease prohibits it regardless). My partner doesn't want to fight it which was my initial plan so we will be moving out on the date given on the paper. I looked over my lease twice to see if it says anything about being given a notice to quit and if they still expect us to pay rent for the remainder of our lease after we leave but it's not mentioned. We're supposed to be out by the third and I'm in Michigan so I need to know if I can legally still be responsible for rent for the remainder of the lease although they're the ones who wanted us out. Any help and advice is appreciated. [/INST]

Reported? Yes. Improved. Not at all. In fact, shit got worse. </s>

The only way I have seen this work was when they were transferred to a new supervisor's lab. </s>

<s>[INST] Has anyone ever reported their academic advisor/supervisor and things actually improved after that? Has anyone ever reported their academic advisor/supervisor and things actually improved after that? From what I've read, it is not uncommon for supervisors to retaliate after they get reported. [/INST]

>He is not a pervert Yeah he is. >or a sex offender. Yet. He needs a criminal defense attorney ASAP. </s>

The good ole "it's just a prank bro" defense. </s>

<s>[INST] [Georgia] My step son pranked his cousin by filming her singing in the shower. She was startled when she saw him and slipped and broke her leg. He took her to the hospital but they called the police on him because she was naked and he has been charged with child porn because she is 11 and he is 18. Help! What can we do to make them realize it was a misunderstanding. He's been in jail since his arrest. He is not a pervert or a sex offender. [/INST]

There are two main causes. 1) They thresh Earth into sand sand as they 'swim' as shared by esteemed colleague /u/Poorly-Drawn-Beagle. The destruction of soil is a major contributor to Arrakis desertification, but is also a secondary result of the planet's nearly-nonexistent water-cycle. 2) Sandworm larva, i.e. 'Sandtrout", consume vast amounts of water, removing it from the Arrakis water-cycle, and contributing to the desertification of Arrakis. It's believe it's implied that consuming large amounts of water is what allows the humble Sandtrout to grow into a mighty Shai-Hulud over the course of millennia. </s>

Part of their life cycle encapsulates water in biomass and effectively removes it from the water cycle. It didn't happen overnight, but eventually they hit critical mass and caused environmental collapse. </s>

<s>[INST] [Dune] The Sandworms are said to have caused the desertification of Arrakis turning what once was a lively green planet into a barren sandy wasteland. How did the Sandworms manage to prompt such significant ecological change? [/INST]

Cheetahs have those black stripes on their faces to reduce glare that comes from the bright sun reflected on the savannah grasslands… so I’ve heard. Similar reason why in some sports where there’s a big open field, folks will paint black stripes under their eyes. </s>

Black skin for humans, camels having humps to store water, cactuses storing water, cold blooded in general. For areas where more light doesn’t mean more heat - whiteness of polar bears / arctic foxes. Narrow slit pupils. </s>

<s>[INST] I know animals like deep sea fish and cave fish have specialized adaptations for low light environments. Are there any special adaptations for high light spaces, and what would the most extreme version of them look like? [/INST]

They will lose a lot of their volatile compounds to the air and become much less flavorful - and if you don't wrap them up really tightly they will swap those volatile sulfurs with all the rest of the food in your fridge. </s>

If you plan to cook with it in the future just freeze the diced onion. I do this every single time I have leftover onion. You can cook with it straight from frozen. </s>

<s>[INST] Can I cut/mince all my onions at once, and store them in a Tupperware in the fridge for later use? I imagine this serves as a dramatic time-saver, given the efficiency. All one would have to do is open up the Tupperware, scoop out as much minced onion as needed, and place the Tupperware back in the fridge. Doable? [/INST]

Rewatch Iron Man for your answer. He was testing out a suit and soon as he turned off propulsion he fell through the floor and wrecked one of his hot rods. He probably reinforced some of the structure after that. </s>

Because he was likely to invite the Hulk over. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] Why is the floor of Avengers tower so strong? Why would Tony have built the floor of his penthouse in Avengers Tower strong enough that Hulk could smash something as durable as Loki against the ground repeatedly and only damage the tile? [/INST]

Yeah absolutely. I freeze lemon and lime juice in ice cube trays with the zest, really handy. </s>

Random fact I discovered recently: Freezing whole lemons makes the pith seem as if it has disappeared and makes the lemon a hell of a lot juicier </s>

<s>[INST] Can you freeze lemon/lime juice and preserve the taste and aroma? I was thinking it could be nice to have long storage lemon/lime juice on hand. The store bought juices seem to have been pasteurised and that takes a lot of the taste and aroma away. That does not become my Tom Collinses well. [/INST]

The concept of transparent glass does not exist to insects. The flies are just trying to fly towards the light source they see. Whether or not they are capable of seeing the glass as different from air, they don't understand the concept of having an object they can see through but cannot fly through. To the insect, if they see the light then they just fly towards it. They are incapable of understanding that they cannot fly through glass. Therefore they won't "know" too look for an open window. They just keep trying until they accidentally hit the opening. </s>

Houseflies (and most other insects) have rather specialized eyes adapted to navigate in flight. A fly primarily sees what's known as "optical flow", i.e its movement relative to stuff around it, which it uses to navigate. It's not adapted to handle transparent barriers like glass (because such barriers just don't exist in a fly's natural environment). Most animals have significantly worse eyesight than humans - when it comes to generalized daytime vision, humans are among the best, only a few birds of prey have better eyesight. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: why do houseflies get stuck in a closed window when an open window is right beside them? Do they have bad vision? [/INST]

First, where are you seeing elevators that don’t have both buttons (other than the top or bottom floors where there is only one direction to go)? Second, it’s because the elevator wants to know which way you’re going so it doesn’t stop for no reason if it’s headed in the direction you don’t want to go. That wastes everyone’s time. Third, are you from China? I’m sure it’s an issue elsewhere too but having lived there, the number of people that push both buttons “to make it come faster” and then get shocked it isn’t going the way they want will drive a rational person insane. </s>

If you want to go up and the elevator is already going up, it will stop to pick you up. But if you want to go up and the elevator is going down, it won't stop for you until it goes back up. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why do some elevators have an up and a down button on their door, when they call the elevator to your floor regardless? [/INST]

I also have a question concerning clear packing tape! Why does it smell so bad? I’ve bought multiple rolls from multiple brands and sometimes it smells gross as heck. It’s been a while so I can’t describe it exactly but it’s def not RIGHT. </s>

It adheres well to paper because it's a starch based adhesive. A similar adhesive is used to bind the layers of paper in a box such as the outer wall, flutes, and inner wall of a single wall corrugated box. When you boil spaghetti you can throw it against the wall to determine if it's cooked enough because of the starch on the outside of noodle. It obviously isn't adhering very well to the wall though. It should adhere much better to paper, but the water could be an issue. Source: I'm a Packaging Engineer </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why does packaging tape adhere so well to cardboard but terribly to almost everything else? [/INST]

You can likely refuse to be searched, but then you will most likely be asked to leave the area. </s>

There is a public safety exception to the 4th amendment (it's why DUI checkpoints are legal). Does this qualify? Not sure. That's up to the courts to decide if someone challenges it. </s>

<s>[INST] Police officers are going to be doing random bag checks on the streets in the Wrigleyville neighborhood in Chicago for the World Series. How is this constitutional when stop and frisk is not? Can I refuse to be searched? [/INST]

I am in some mash up of drug discovery, computational chemistry, and computational physics. Honestly, methods papers don't get the love they deserve and more people need to run replicates to ensure that their simulations have not gone into weird phase space. Also a lot of experimentalists have no clue what a simulation can and can not show. </s>

Mathematics. My work isn't important and never will be important. Academic leadership knows this and hired me just because I write papers and have a PhD which looks good to accreditation boards. I do it just because I like doing it and talking to others about it. </s>

<s>[INST] What's your unpopular opinion about your field? Title. [/INST]

Was a project engineer at a manufacturing plant and we needed to replace a looper rack. It was one of my first projects and I did all my measurements on the bottom rack, asked the tech to bring the top rack down and he said "they are identical, just mirror it". Figured he'd been doing this for a long time so I finished the drawings and ordered the material... Turns out the top rack has an extra roller (that I clearly could have noticed) and the predrilled holes I ordered were 20 inch center to center when the top was 18 inch... 15 grand of material. Luckily my mechanics were able to jump in with a plan and we were able to salvage it, but when discussing it with my boss after...I felt pretty dumb </s>

Mostly in my first several years hesitating to speak up because i thought I wasn't experienced enough. </s>

<s>[INST] Whats the dumbest mistake you have made as an engineer? Just curious. [/INST]

A laser strong enough to sever a mosquito is also strong enough to sever your eyesight </s>

Ignore all the laser explanations, it was like 50milliseconds of 2 watt laser to fry a mosquito out of the air. I looked into this myself a few weeks ago. The real issue was the vision tracking of the mosquitos. All the systems that were developed were great at tracking mosquitos in a lab with a white background and consistent lighting, but failed miserably in the real world with a moving sun and foliage background. This makes perfect sense to me, since industrial vision inspection is like 30% of my day to day job. 90% of the problems I have to solve are due to inconsistent lighting. </s>

<s>[INST] laser mosquito killers - why are there still no commercially available products? a few years ago i remember seeing products demos where they were trying to shoot down mosquitoes with lasers. one still doesn't see any commercial products with this technology. what is holding things back? [/INST]

You get to be in a space where people are interested in ideas. It is uneven but it is definitely better than in other situations where ideas only are interesting if it does x or y for the company. That's the first. You also get to ask a question you find interesting and pursue work to explore that for several years. In no other position is that allowed. Professors only pursue a question in as much as it aligns with potential publications. That is the second. </s>

1. Learning is fun. 2. Teaching is fun. 3. While I do have to actually work, I mostly get to choose what I do and how I do it. ETA: at least, those are the pros of *being a professor*. The pros of getting a PhD are mostly the same. </s>

<s>[INST] What are the pros about getting a PhD degree? I’m tired about hearing the cons. Thank you. [/INST]

A nautical mile is equal to one minute of latitude (overall average), which approximates as 1.151 statute miles. A knot is one nautical mile per hour. It makes more sense to me to ask why a statute mile is not equivalent to a nautical mile. </s>

Just wanted to add that Nautical miles are also used in aviation for the same reason they're used in sea travel. Because nautical miles line up with latitude they're more useful for the greater distances of travel you're dealing with on boats and planes. </s>

<s>[INST] eli5: Why are nautical miles used to measure distance in the sea and not just kilo meters or miles? [/INST]

Why do you guys have a deep hole without any railings in the middle of town? </s>

Hello, I am a helot. I don't think I'm supposed to be here, I just wandered in by accident. If you could just point me to the nearest unworked field, I would much appreciate it and be on my way. Please don't declare war on us again. </s>

<s>[INST] I AM LEONIDAS, KING OF SPARTA! ASK ME ANYTHING! GREETINGS, REDDIT! I AM LEONIDAS, THIRD SON OF KING ANAXANDRIDAS AND FIRST IN FAME OF THE AGIAD HOUSE! THE EPHORS HAVE DECREED A RARE DAY OF OPENNESS TO THE CURIOSITY OF FOREIGNERS! PROOF! [/INST]

When you pick up a bag of concrete most of the weight is carry by your hand, arm and shoulders. When you carry your kid, they put their arm around your neck and their leg around you body. So the weight is distributed among more surface of your body and more of your muscle work together. Each muscle carry less weight. </s>

Beyond what other people have said, there's also a perception of size and weight. Have you ever picked up a box that was too big for its contents thinking "wow this is light" and then opening up the box and when picking up the contents thinking "wow this thing is heavy after all". Perception can play into our experiences. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Deadweight vs. liveweight. Why does a 50lb bag of concrete feel heavier than my 50lb kid? [/INST]

Since the 2 movies seem to play on stereotypes: Us Russians would either be in the Vodka or Dashcam business. China and Japan into tech-work. Phones etc i guess The French into cigarettes or pastry. Australia into ~~giant spider breeding~~ surfboard shops Latin America into travel maybe? Africa into export i'd venture "North" Africa (Egypt etc) i'd put down for oil </s>

Canada is the Toronto Maple Leafs, or Lumberjacks at a sugar shack in the woods. (maple syrup farm for those who don't know what a sugar shack is.) </s>

<s>[INST] [Kingsman] In England the Kingsmen are tailors. In America the Statesmen run a whiskey distillery. What do secret agencies from other countries do? [/INST]

Unconventional scheduling: go hookie from work and have a date day/lunch/afternoon. Works best if the small children are under care elsewhere during the day </s>

I believe you may need to schedule routine plant shutdowns. Then find second sources for childcare and meal preparation. </s>

<s>[INST] Engineering & Date Night? We’ve had some success running our household of two adults and two small children by implementing tools of industrial efficiency and effective management. We have thus far failed to figure out how to include regular team-building exercises for the two-person management team. Morale is suffering. Suggestions welcome. [/INST]

Free space rations for Chewbacca. </s>

Ejected with the other trash and refuse once they're safely away from the death star. </s>

<s>[INST] [Star Wars A New Hope] Are there the bodies of several dead Stormtroopers on the Millennium Falcon as they escape the Death Star? They blasted the scanner crew and the two stormtroopers whose armour they steal. They don't appear to have time to ditch the bodies. So are there at least 4 corpses on the Falcon? [/INST]

The stranges have all come from universes that have quite a lot of similarities with the main differences being the heroes. But otherwise a lot of the same events happened in one way or another e.g thanos, ultron. But in the Spider-Mens universes there’s basically no similarities at all except for the Spider-Men themselves. There was no invasion in 2012, there was no ultron attempt, there’s no thanos etc. So it does make sense that if the universes are similar then the people in it will look similar too </s>

We’ve seen three Peter Parker variants. By extension, now that the multiverse doors have been blown off, we’ve also seen multiple versions of Professor X, Daredevil, the Punisher, the Fantastic Four, Captain America, and Loki (specifically said to be the most common variant of…Variant…). While some have wide discrepancies in appearance (again, fuckin’ Loki…), some also do not. Professor X and Doctor Strange may just have a consistent look to them. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU] Why Peter Parkers are different across the multiverse but Stephen Stranges aren't? The Doylist answer is obvious, but there is a Watsonian one you guys can think of? [/INST]

What about the Godzilla movie from 1998 (by Roland Emmerich)? The US Air Force attacks the monster three times - first with helicopters after luring it out with fish., then the airstrike on Madison Square Garden, then several missiles at the Bridge. The last attack is finally successful. </s>

The general trope for this is Insufficiently Advanced Alien. The Roxolani in The Road Not Taken (pdf) are a classic example. >!They land in spaceships with single shot muskets and bayonets, and are basically slaughtered by the army.!< </s>

<s>[INST] [General sci-fi] When a new monster/alien/empowered being shows up and the military starts shooting at it, has that ever actually worked? Almost every new threat seems bulletproof. And missile proof. Without superheroes you would need extreme weapons to put a dent in the monster that can crumple tanks Has just shooting at it ever worked? Has the SWAT or military managed to take out the threat of the week? [/INST]

It's a possibility, for the reasons you outlined. However it's also possible he belonged to one of Andy's grandparents, or any of his avunculi. </s>

Maybe, but I usually assumed it was an "old family toy" because Andy had it for so long. I'm pretty sure I had a few toys growing up which were thrift shop or yard sale finds </s>

<s>[INST] [Toy Story 2] Did Woody belong to Andy’s dad? When Al tries to buy Woody at the garage sale, Andy’s Mom explains he’s not for sale saying, ‘he’s an old family toy.’ We later learn Woody was popular in the late 50’s / early 60’s (Woody’s Roundup cancelled during the space race), which would’ve been when a 90s kid’s parent was a kid. Andy’s Mom doesn’t seem to know Woody’s origin in exchange with Al. Is it likely Woody belonged to Andy’s out-of-the-picture dad? [/INST]

I think it's the other way around. The supermarkets sell sweet potatoes and not yams. I have never seen a fresh yam in a supermarket in the US. Maybe they have them in some sort of specialty markets but I've not seen them. As for why some people call sweet potatoes yams it's because slaves from Africa were used to eating yams in Africa, where yams are native . So when they encountered sweet potatoes in America they called them yams since they had a similar flavor. I never call a sweet potato a yam though and I don't know anybody who does. </s>

The show High on the Hog (Netflix docu series about African American food) talks about this. I watched it a while ago so I don't remember exactly... But I think it had to do with slaves being brought over and swapping out yams (that they'd eat in Africa) for sweet potatoes because it's what was available there. But the name yams stuck despite it being a different ingredient. </s>

<s>[INST] Why do Americans refer to yams and sweet potatoes interchangeably? The starchiness is very different. My supermarket SAYS they sell sweet potatoes but they’re actually yams. My boyfriend has grabbed yams for gnocchi and a puree but I don’t think they can be used interchangeably for these dishes? [/INST]

Here’s a visual. It’s called synchronous rotation. The left animation is how our moon moves. The right animation would be if it had zero rotation. You can see in the left image how the same face is always pointing towards Earth. This is because the time it takes to make one orbit around Earth is nearly equal to the time it takes to make one rotation about its axis. </s>

It does rotate, but it rotates at the same speed as it orbits. As it moves around us, the same side keeps facing us. It's almost like it's circling a boss fight, looking for an opening... </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: How can the same side of the moon always face earth? Doesn't it rotate? The fact that the Chinese just landed on the dark side makes it seem stranger. [/INST]

Even surgical sponges have radiopaque markers on them now for exactly this purpose - if a count is off they will show up on xray. If it’s something more serious (as in a vascular device not holding where it should have deployed), I have seen advanced imaging used to locate these items (both CT and MRI in a very rare situation) </s>

Pretty close to zero. Everything used in modern surgeries are marked to show up on xray so that this can be checked for. </s>

<s>[INST] How likely is it a surgical instrument left inside me wouldn't show up in an x-ray? 30F. Living in Canada. I had a c-section two months ago and they told me the instrument count was off when they closed me up. They did an x-ray right after and nothing came up so that was that. I didn't think about it at the time, but it's really starting to worry me now. I've been reading cases where surgical instruments are left behind during c-sections and how surgical sponges are often missed during x-rays apparently. Is there any way to make absolute certain there's nothing left inside of me? Should I request another x-ray? Or is there another more accurate kind of scan they can do? [/INST]

Nah, a lot happens between then and the time our heroes actually escape the Death Star. More likely scenario is that the troopers came to in the meantime. They would've wanted to save not only the embarrassment of being tricked and losing their uniforms, but also to avoid repercussions from their commanding officer. They would've skulked off when the coast was clear and never spoke of the incident again. We just never saw it happen. </s>

The heroes hid in the secret cargo hold before. I think it’s likely that they stored the Stormtrooper bodies in there and Han probably dumped the hold in space. </s>

<s>[INST] [STAR WARS] so does han solo just have two naked unconscious stormtroopers on the falcon when he escapes the death star? Two stormtroopers go into the falcon and Han and Luke jump them and take their uniform. We never see them take them off. Is it safe to assume they’re still on it when the Millenium Falcon escapes the death star? [/INST]

It's perfectly fine. </s>

Monterey jack has more flavor than mozz. It's going to be good though, I use monterey jack for some types of pizzas. No reason to toss it. </s>

<s>[INST] I messed up and used Monterey Jack instead of Mozzarella in my lasagna. Will it still work? Last night I was pre-assembling my family's favorite lasagna meal that I only make every couple of months, and towards the end I realized that the cheese was NOT mozzarella, but monterrey. I've been stressed and struggling lately and just didn't catch that I had the wrong bag. I almost threw the whole thing in the bin out of overwhelm, but I decided to put the last layer on and hope for the best. The ingredients are too expensive to just chuck out. It gets baked today for dinner. Will it still be ok? Initial internet search says it might not be as stretchy but have more "cheese" flavor. Thoughts? Please be kind. [/INST]

|**Fat content by Weight**|**U.S. terminology**| |:-|:-| |100%|Clarified butter or Ghee| |69%|Butter| |45%|Manufacturer's cream| |36%|Heavy whipping cream| |30%|Whipping cream or light whipping cream| |25%|Medium cream| |18–30%|Light cream, coffee cream, or table cream| |10.5–18%|Half and half| |3.25%|Whole milk or regular milk| |2%|2% milk or reduced fat milk| |1%|1% milk or low fat milk| |0–0.5%|Skim milk or nonfat milk| </s>

Be careful, in Morocco whipping cream has sugar in it (: found out the hard way hahaha </s>

<s>[INST] Is heavy whipping cream the same as heavy cream I am so confused by these google searches that say heavy whipping cream is different from heavy cream but nutritionally are the same. Then I asked some people on Discord, Reddit and other sites that say heavy whipping cream = heavy cream. So are they the same, end this annoying nonsense, please. I just wanna make a mushroom alfredo I ate before. Ty [/INST]

It's unaccounted for cash...avoid a bank like the plague </s>

Did you specifically inherit the house "and all of the contents of the house"? </s>

<s>[INST] Found cash in my walls. It's mine right? Can I deposit them in the bank & pay back my student loans? (Washington) Washington state. I inherited a house from my uncle 3 years ago and by accident (trying to pass a cable there) I found a stack of cash hidden in the wall. I bought a stud finder and looked through all walls today and found about $100,000 cash, and a VHS cassette. They were all packaged in sealed very strong and thick plastic bags. I ordered a VHS player for my computer already to see what's on the tape. But my question is whether I can take this cash to my bank and deposit them without raising suspicions? Do I need to do that $10,000 at a time, or all in one go? I want to use this to pay back my student loans which are now about $65,000. I'll use the rest to pay off my car and the rest for building an emergency fund. [/INST]

Try to macerate the fruit first. Basically cut or smash the fruit up in a bowl, and mix with some sugar and let set for an hour. Fruit has its own pectin, the issue is that with the lid closed on the slow cooker, the water never escapes and so it stays too thin. You don’t need a slow cooker to make something like this. After you macerate the fruit, just add a bit of citrus/acid and then boil it until it reduces to the consistency you want. It takes like 30 minutes. </s>

Don't cook it in a slow cooker. Or don't cook it with the lid on. Let some of the water evaporate </s>

<s>[INST] Thickening agent for fruit sauce? Hi everyone, my boyfriend started making this fruit sauce a few years back, as a topping on ice cream. He puts in frozen berries and Frozen cherries, plus fresh limes, and spices. He lets it cook in a slow cooker for a good few hours. He was wondering what he could add as a thickening agent, so that it would come out a little less watery and more jam-like. I suggested gelatin, but then thought better ask the experts! Any help you could provide would be appreciated. Thank you [/INST]

Many poles have limits. You also don't fight the fish as hard as you can, you let him run, you fight a bit and tire him out. Most reels now a days have drag systems so I can set my line to come out when the fish applies so much weight. I can basically make the fish pull and extra 50lbs or so. </s>

Missing in a lot of answers is the point that the fish is roughly neutrally buoyant. If it was 500 lbs of lead it wouldn’t work. Fish mostly made of water like us. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: What are the physics of a fishing pole that allows a 200 pound man to win a fight with 500+ pound fish? Is there a theoretical limit before the the pole breaks or the man is overpowered? [/INST]

I'd be more worried about how you'll turn them into dinosaur shapes in order to make them fun and increase their edibleness. </s>

No, you'll open a portal to another dimension where chickens raise humans on farms. Actually though it'll probably be good. The dark meat will add some extra fat content to the white meat and they'll all be more uniform in flavor and texture. </s>

<s>[INST] When making chicken nuggets at home, can I mix the dark meat and the light meat together? I am trying to gauge if I can be kind of lazy, or I should care about separating them when making everything. I enjoy being lazy. [/INST]

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. If you want to be an academic I don't think you should turn this down. Like the others have said, much easier to land another tenure job if you are already in one. </s>

It is easier to find another job when you are already employed. I wouldn’t turn it down unless there was a more compelling reason not to. TT positions are difficult to come by... </s>

<s>[INST] So I'm getting ready to turn down a TT job offer... ...I'm a postdoc. I'm 6 years since my doctorate in a biological science. The salary and start-up are reasonable for the school but on the low end of the range I told myself I would take. Everything else is good just a little off for my particular situation (teaching load, location, department fit, spousal happiness/job prospects ). But, if I took the job I'd only be treading water in until I could start applying other places. How big of a mistake am I making turning down a reasonable TT job at the start of the worst academic hiring market in a century? Please talk me out of this or at least try to so I know I've considered everything. [/INST]

I think the issue here is an issue many people always have. They think that because we have evolved this way that there’s a reason for it. This belief that evolution is well calculated. It’s truly not, some traits live on simply because they haven’t been damaging enough to kill off a species. Like those goats who’s horns grow into their skulls and kill them. There’s not evolutionary use for that but it happens. This could just be an example of that because, while it sucks that mothers die I’m childbirth, that hasn’t harmed our species a whole lot. Although it could be bred out eventually, that’s probably why we like women with wide hips so much. </s>

For starters, they're coming earlier and earlier for girls due to estrogen and hormones in modern diets. But the real ELi5 answer is that the body needs to practice the new process a bunch of times so that all of the systems have had some warm up runs before it's ready for the real thing. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why do most women get their first period around age 12 when their bodies are usually not well developed enough to safely carry a baby to term? [/INST]

Because the bees will murder the ants. Bees are much bigger and will bite an ant in two without much trouble. And there are up to tens of thousands of bees in a big hive. </s>

Ants are constantly trying to attack beehives. Other bees and insects will also try to attack the beehives. This is why a large number of bees is dedicated to protecting their hives from these intruders. </s>

<s>[INST] Eli5: If ants love sugar, and bees make honey, why aren’t bee hives constantly attacked by ants? [/INST]

Too much pussy </s>

Everyone expects you to know everything about everything. </s>

<s>[INST] Whats one disadvantage of being an engineer? What do you not like about engineering? [/INST]

What do you expect the Executive Vice President for Corporate Communications to do in exchange for 40x your salary, nothing? </s>

Slight modification: > Serious question - do admins really think people ~~are excited to~~ read their regular 20 paragraph emails? </s>

<s>[INST] Serious question - do admins really think people are excited to read their regular 20 paragraph emails? Because I rarely get one that has useful info. Why is this a thing? No, I don't care what you think about "mental health awareness" when you provide nothing to support it. No, I don't care what you think about race relations unless you mean it and make meaningful changes. These almost always read like a self pat on the back. /endrant [/INST]

Jason isn't just a killing machine. He's an instrument of revenge. The Revenge is sweeter when the teens are terrified. </s>

If he alarms everyone they’ll take off or they’ll band together and overpower him (since he gets overpowered like once a movie it’s not exactly out of the question). </s>

<s>[INST] [Friday the 13th] Jason is really stronger than these teenagers, and they aren't even armed with anything most of the time. Why does Jason bother with sneaking around, killing one by one, instead of just breaking the front door and killing everyone? [/INST]

Phylo dough too. </s>

Probably because it’s a bitch and a half to make it properly. Not speaking from experience, because I buy mine pre-made. </s>

<s>[INST] Why is puff pastry the universally accepted prepackaged ingredient that is not considered "cheating" at cooking? [/INST]

call the police and the bank? </s>

Call the police, report the fraud. Call the CC company with the police file number and have the card locked. Then let them do their jobs. </s>

<s>[INST] I moved house 7 years ago, and my bank sent a visa card to my old address. The new resident has been using it for the entire time. I only found out now. Can I do anything about it ? [/INST]

Salt water doesn't burn my eyes, I have always opened them underwater in the ocean. Um, anyone else? </s>

But what if tears *do* hurt - like a lot? When my eyes tear up, they get so red and itchy and burn. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: If our tears are salty, by don’t hurt, then why the hell does it burn when you get saltwater in your eye? [/INST]

i work until the check clears </s>

Nope. $200M is enough to "retire" in style. By that I mean, "start up my own company doing whatever I want and never worrying about actual profit." In other words, I'd still do engineering, but I'd be doing it in my shiny new 5,000 sqft fully equipped garage/shop/lab space on projects that sound fun to me. Business case? What's that? </s>

<s>[INST] You win the lottery for 200 million dollars tonight, do you report to work tomorrow? Why or why not? Is your passion for engineering enough to keep you going? [/INST]

This can rarely happen in patients that have trauma to the eye, which exposes previously unknown eye proteins to the immune system. Immune cells recognize these proteins as foreign, and start to attack both the injured and unaffected eye in an autoimmune process leading to blindness. </s>

Your eyes are, to my knowledge, "immune privileged" along with your gonads. Meaning they don't have their own immune system but they're effectively a no-fly zone for the rest of your body's immune system. The collateral damage cost would be too high. </s>

<s>[INST] Has there ever been a known case about your body's immune system detecting your eyes separate immune system? And how does that whole thing work? I have read something that says your eyes have a different immune system than the rest of your body and if your body's immune system found out, than it will attack and you will go blind. [/INST]

Don't think of gravity as a force in this case, think of gravity more as a bending of space-time. Imagine you're an ant that can only walk in a straight line, and you're on a sheet of paper. As you march forward, someone bends the piece of paper so it no longer lays flat. You can travel, from your perspective, exclusively straight, yet with the fold in the paper, you're facing a different direction than if the paper hadn't been folded. It's the same idea with space and light, the light IS travelling straight, it's that the space it's travelling through isn't. </s>

Mass bends space. Think of a train. Its going forward, its all it knows. But if you curve the rail, the train will also curve, even though as far as it "knows", its going forward. This is really simplistic but may help. EDIT: Answering a question: "If the space is bent, what remains in the area from which the space is bent?" from 14MTH30n3. Imagine a weaving machine, with a lot of strings falling vertically parallel to one another. Like - a lot, just side by side without touching. Now, with your finger pull some strings closer together. You'll see others become more separated. But its still strings, separate, just curved in a different way. If you follow one of them, its still just the same string and, like the train, you won't "feel" it change direction. Its the same material, just... stretched. And you also are stretched - so far as you're concerned, nothing changed. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is light affected by gravity if it has no mass? [/INST]

NOTE: if you put a tiny glass of water (half full shot glass is fine) in with your popcorn, and pop it for an extra few seconds, you get: More popcorn, zero burny flavor. Win. </s>

If you place a paper cup half filled with water in a campfire it will burn down to the point where the water is and the paper will not burn. The water cools the paper so it does not reach the paper's auto ignition temperature. This is the same thing that goes on in the bag. The pop release the steam which cools the bag. As the steam being released become less and less, the temperature increases and when it reaches the auto ignition temp of the organic matter, such as 451F for paper, it ignites. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is it that if you cook popcorn for 20 seconds too long the whole bag tastes burnt but the the first few kernels to pop can seem to withstand the microwaves heat for up to several minutes? What's up that? [/INST]

OP. Call the police. </s>

Not a lawyer but a quick google search makes it seem like the federal police are going to be the place to look for help. link What your parents are doing is not legal here in Australia and not ok. If you have any friends or family that you can trust go to them for help too. </s>

<s>[INST] forced marriage of a minor (me) to a full grown adult i am 16 years old and my family is forcing me to marry a 27 years old guy. He actually expressed his interest in me when i was 13 years old, it’s so messed up and he is definitely a pedophile but the marriage is going to be this January and i am considering running away because i cannot do this. Any suggestions on what i can do? This takes place in Australia NSW if that matters. Please help [/INST]

In my experience they won't quite be gone in one winter if whole, but return to soil if shredded by a mulching blade easily. Just mulch your leaves and enjoy the free bit of fertilizer or rake them into your mulch pile and enjoy the fertile soil in your garden. </s>

A heavy layer of leaves could smother the grass beneath them, thus killing the grass. But mostly we rake them up because its deemed as looking nicer than having them in your lawn </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old Why do we need to rake/bag up leaves? Wont they biodegrade on their own? [/INST]

F=ma is deceptively complicated because we are hiding that it is a second order differential equation in the ‘a’ part. To the more general question, simple systems often have simple relationships between the parts, this can be reflected in the maths. We can also use maths notation to sweep complicated stuff under the rug. Vector and Tensor equations are clever ways to compress multidimensional rules into a single equation. Einstein’s field equation is actually 16 different equations when the notation is expanded </s>

Often, as is the case with F=ma, it's because it's an approximation. Parts that are only really relavent at very high speeds are missing. Other simple equations, like the gas laws or gravitational acceleration, are also approximations, or make a large number of simplifying assumptions that aren't always true. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why are some physics equations like F = ma so clean and simple? Is it inherent to the universe, a result of how we do math, or something else? [/INST]

It helps keep the baby warm and in a regulated temperature, to normalize breath, to soothes the baby, encourages milk production, leads to lower rates of hypoglycemia and stabilizes the baby´s vital signs this is caused by the release of oxytocin also known as the "love hormone" which make the mom warm and cozy providing the benefits mentioned above. Theres also other benefits for both the mom and baby that I didnt mention. </s>

Any time a creature is within close proximity to another living being it will produce oxytocin, more so with same species. Also reduces cortisol levels in humans. So our bodies reward being next to life. Leather or a dead body won't generate the same response because the signs of life aren't there. Warmth, movement of breath, heartbeat, etc. Our skin can pick up a lot of signals our conscious minds don't read. our bodies absorb all sorts of data filtered by the brain. It knows if its live skin versus leather. Edit: changed increases to reduces. bit of a typo there. Also, first paragraph is easily found data that was already assumed in the question. The rest is my personal analysis of data, drawing from acquired knowledge and experience. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: I’m told skin-to-skin contact leads to healthier babies, stronger romantic relationshipd, etc. but how does our skin know it’s touching someone else’s skin (as opposed to, say, leather)? [/INST]

We eat laverbread in Wales. I think it's the exact seaweed used to make nori. We don't really do a lot with it mind. Generally fried up, sometimes with some oats in it, eaten with bacon and eggs for breakfast or on toast. </s>

In the case of American cuisine I'd imagine it has something to do with our gastronomic culture being defined during the industrial revolution. Americans didn't have as much time with real scarcity where they had to make do with their surroundings as much as other, older cultures. Any early regional recipes probably faded away with the invention of the aluminum can </s>

<s>[INST] Why isnt seaweed more prominent in American and English dishes despite proximity and access to ocean? [/INST]

60-80. But I’m a field engineer in wind. </s>

I have some days where I get in, work 8 hours, and then go home. Other days I struggle to find the motivation to do any of the tasks that can be done tomorrow. </s>

<s>[INST] How many hours do you actually work in your full-time 40 hour work week? Curious to see what people have to say! [/INST]

Probably as a symbolic gesture to the now dead Killmonger </s>

Who said he didn't also stop in African nations? But the point was that he was trying to make right the sins of his father. T'chaka neglected and actively sabotaged his brother's attempts to empower systematically oppressed black people in America. N'Jobu was trying to stand up to the injustice he saw and it led to his death and a life of misery for Killmonger. T'Challa couldn't erase that, but he could help make sure that others didn't suffer the same fate. </s>

<s>[INST] [Black Panther] Why did T'Challa flex his tech in front of a bunch of black inner city American kids? Wouldn't it make more sense from a political standpoint to show off Wakandan tech for neighboring African countries, who could be easier to work with both geographically and culturally? [/INST]

I mean, you've got a 50% chance that Two-Face will be a good hang, so that might be your best bet among the crowd </s>

If you’re a strong and reliable henchman, Bane. He’s more evil than insane, yet inspires genuine loyalty from his men. But the real answer if you want to safely get drinks with the boss and coworkers is to skip Gotham entirely and move to Central. You’ll have to jump through hoops to meet the union requirements for the Rogues, but as far as supervillainy goes it’s as safe as can be. </s>

<s>[INST] [Batman] So let's say I'm a professional henchman who is looking for work. Which supervillain would be the most laid back one to work for? Like which one can I go and get a drink with after hours? [/INST]

I'm not 100% sure why, I'm sure someone will come along with the history on why it's a philosophy degree. My PhD mentor used to tell me that, no matter the field, a PhD is a degree in thinking. We think about a problem, we think about possible solutions, and we think about what our results mean towards solving said problem =) </s>

Since no one has mentioned it yet, I'll add that *doctor* means "teacher," so a *philosophiae doctor* is a "teacher of the love of wisdom." </s>

<s>[INST] Is a doctorate of philosophy (PhD) related to philosophy in any manner? Is PhD in any field about understanding the philosophy of a given topic? Like having a knowledge of the depth of a philosopher but in their respective field Or is it just a name which stuck as philosophy means love of wisdom in Latin (according to Wikipedia) [/INST]

Some children actually possess the ability to see underwater relatively clearly, as their lenses are more flexible and can adjust to the difference between seeing in air and water. Scientists studied this in Thailand's Moken tribe's children and also found it was still somewhat possible in European children, just with more eye irritation and less clarity. </s>

I believe it's due to the refractive index between the air and your eye vs between water and your eye. When light goes from one medium to another its path gets bent. You can see this when looking into a glass of water with a spoon in it, the spoon doesn't line up. So when you open your eyes in the water, the light gets bent in a way your eyes haven't adapted to deal with and still focus. I think I read that pearl divers have adapted to be able to focus under water. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why is it blurry when we look straight into water but clear when you wear goggles? [/INST]

Many of these issues come up in trying to understand the extinct American Cheetah (Miracinonyx trumani), though at least there we have the comparison with living Cheetahs to help. There are various biomechanical ways to work out that they were likely quite fast from their bone structure, but also from seeing that their claws did not retract when they ran. Finally, the speed of the American Pronghorn suggests that they had a very fast extinct predator. But it's difficult to be sure of just how fast the American Cheetah was. Most speculation seems to be that they were somewhat faster than Pronghorn, but this would be much much more difficult to guess if we didn't know how fast Pronghorn are and if we didn't know how the speed of ordinary Cheetahs compares to their prey. </s>

Most likely. You would probably be able to say that they were quite fast, although getting an idea of exact speed might be difficult. You can work out locomotor behavior for fossils by studying things like body plan, limb morphology and the details there of, the ratio of the hindlimb to the forelimb, limb to body length ratio, etc. Generally, you’d build data across a wide range of animals with a variety of locomotor patterns and find how your fossil cheetah slots in to the overall picture. Interestingly, there are fossil cheetahs in North America...so I’d imagine people have done just that. </s>

<s>[INST] If Cheetahs were extinct, would palaeontologists be able to gauge how fast they were based on their fossil record? And how well are we able determine the speed and mobility of other extinct creatures? [/INST]

One of the most amazing engineering feats I've ever seen. Simply awe inspiring. </s>

She came in a little hot </s>

<s>[INST] What is your opinion on the spacex starship launch today? [/INST]

why do you shoot superman? I mean what if it works this time? </s>

They might have assumed that, given he was in prison, he'd somehow been nullified or weakened or something (I think they do say something like "now you're like us" or words to that effect). It wasn't *good* reasoning but, to be fair, if they thought things through they probably wouldn't be in prison for fighting a superhero. </s>

<s>[INST] [Hancock] why in the world did the inmates try to fight Hancock when he went to prison? I was watching Hancock with a friend and I love the scene when Hancock pushes one man's head inside another man's ass when he went to prison. But my friend posed a good question, why in Gods name would any of the inmates try and challenge him physically? I mean he did a whole press conference about it and I know inmates atleast can watch a little news so I just don't get why they would try and challenge him at all. If I were them I'd just leave him alone and that's all he wanted lol [/INST]

I did a bit of COBOL in an internship 25 years ago (don’t ask). COBOL is actually a super easy to learn language. The hard part is the development environment. Often the programs are running in virtual machines meant to mimic the ancient mainframes they were originally developed for. These systems are weird as hell and you can’t learn that in school. It’s just experience. Yeah, a lot of places are rewriting some but there is *so much* and in a lot of cases it isn’t 100% clear how it works. Rewriting some of this stuff is a huge undertaking and generates less revenue than putting that effort into new products. </s>

From what ive read, no one is really learning COBOL anymore. There was an article about "COBOL Cowboys". Basically old timers, coming out of retirement, running around the country, trying to fix states unemployment COBOL systems. </s>

<s>[INST] How do businesses fulfill their need for COBOL programmers for legacy applications? Do they just try to hire as many old timer programmers as they can? Are there any young programmers learning COBOL, and if so, do they learn it at their job or before getting hired? How many people are learning COBOL on their own time? Are businesses actively trying to port COBOL legacy code to newer languages? [/INST]

Relevant map </s>

This article from geographicus.com has a pretty detailed discussion of the reasons. "To recap, the convention of orienting maps to the north comes down to us from Ptolemy, for whom it was a practical choice given the style in which his maps were made, the extant of the world he attempted to cover, and the nature of his projection. While briefly abandoned in the middle ages, the northerly convention was re-established during the renaissance and reaffirmed with the advent of navigational cartography in the 16th century." </s>

<s>[INST] Is the only reason the Earth is depicted with the North Pole on top because the first scientists to describe the earth as a sphere were in the northern hemisphere? I imagine an Australian might imagine the earth and the solar system as being inverted compared to our popular depiction. [/INST]

Nope it likely would be able to tell that the love isn't genuine but a product of manipulation </s>

We've never seen anyone get sacrificed only for Red Skull to be like "Oops, turns out you didn't love them or whatever" (that's what I imagine he'd say). I'm forced to wonder if love doesn't matter and the Soul Stone just gets off to people dying. </s>

<s>[INST] [MCU]Could you use the Mindstone to force two people to love each other and then force one to throw the other off the cliff on Vormir, thus gaining the soulstone? [/INST]

You should look into getting a fully vaccinated dog (pup greater than 5 months old with all his vaccines from a reputable source like a shelter i.e. don't trust breeder vaccine records) or a cat. If getting a younger puppy you will need to wait at least 12 months, but in the right circumstances parvo can survive years in the environment. One of the hardest areas to "disinfect" is the yard. </s>

Soil can hold parvo up to two years. It's really unfortunate but I would agree to get a dog that has all its vaccinations and is a little older than a brand new 8 to 10 week old puppy. </s>

<s>[INST] Lost puppy to parvo, how long to wait until we get a new pet? We sadly lost our 9 week old puppy to suspected parvo earlier this month. We have steam cleaned our carpets and upholstery and also bought a disinfectant recommended by a vet which we've used on surfaces and floors. We have got rid of everything our little pup used/slept on etc. We don't have a garden and our puppy hadn't yet gone outside. When can we safely introduce a new puppy or dog into our apartment? We were also interested in the likelihood of a cat catching canine parvo? (We're in the UK) Thanks so much. [/INST]

I've heard one senior faculty at a top school brag he's never had to apply to a single job in his life. Back in his day, he was just recommended to jobs by his seniors, who were extremely respected scientists </s>

Supply and demand. The number of people applying for each position is now so much larger, so the competition is tougher. There is also now a lot more employment regulation meaning universities have to prove their hiring practices are fair, so they have to use criteria that have the appearance of objectivity such as citation metrics, rather than personal judgement. </s>

<s>[INST] How did universities do hiring, promotion, and tenure before “publish or perish”? When I hear professors who got their PhD before 1980-ish talk about how they got their faculty positions it all sounds so easy. Nothing like the hyper-crowded cutthroat business it is now. So why were things so easy? [/INST]

Where do you live that canned tuna is so cheap? I’m jealous lol </s>

Different fish. Skipjack are often used in cheap canned tuna. They reproduce after 1 year, live for 4, grow to around 3 ft 70 lbs. Bluefin are your expensive sushi fish. They don't reproduce until they're 5-15 years old, live into their 30s, can grow to nearly 10 ft 1,400 lbs. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: Why are whole tunas bought for so much when canned tuna is one of the cheapest foods you can get? [/INST]

I use Jaques Pepin’s technique. Hold the cob in your hand. Position the knife at an angle to the cob and the knife slides very easily and neatly through the corn Easy to find a video: how to cut corn off the cob: link: </s>

We used to grow a lot of corn and I always used a block of wood set in a cookie sheet. The wood didn't damage the knife and the cookie sheet caught the corn. </s>

<s>[INST] Why do people say to cut corn in a bowl (or two, one smaller and upside down)? It seems more dangerous and bad for your knife than just using a cutting board. And it doesn’t go everywhere on a board [/INST]

Yes. That is blatant fraud. If you want to take legal action, have a chat with a lawyer, many do free consultations, and they will tell you every step that needs to be taken. Some lawyers even do flat rates for stuff that can be taken care of easily. </s>

I’d also recommend checking your credit report to make sure there’s no unauthorized accounts opened you weren’t aware of. </s>

<s>[INST] My parents kicked me out but used my info for rental assistance? Is this fraud? Hi im. A 22 year old male. My mom had kicked me out at the beginning of 2022 and I was told to live with my dad. I tried to apply for rental assistance and was told I was supposed to be at my moms address from our states rental assistance program. Since then I still haven’t lived there and I know that at least from January to June my information was being used. Is this considered fraud? And if I wanted to take legal action how could I? [/INST]

Although not listed, the Q.A. guy would last longest. He sits around during the course of the project drinking coffee, then at the end goes around and bayonets the wounded. </s>

No love for Civil Engineers? </s>

<s>[INST] if engineers would be thrown away into an uninhabited island, which of the type of engineer would have the best chance of survival? is it a: aerospace engineer architectural and building engineer biomedical engineer chemical engineer electrical engineer industrial engineer mechatronics engineer mechanical engineer mettalurgical and materials engineer software engineer? [/INST]

Its not the same for every case of cancer, but a generalisation would be 1 of 2 things. Either the tumours are taking up too much nutrients/space from other organs and thus causes those organs to fail. Or tumours block off something important like airways or arteries/veins. </s>

The cancer cells have overwhelmed some vital organ and crushed or starved it until it gets horribly infected or can no longer function. Exactly what the failure mode is will vary case by case, depending on the type of cancer and how it has metastasized. We typically list the root cause (cancer) on the death certificate and not whatever secondary infection or organ failure actually pushed them over the edge. </s>

<s>[INST] Explain like I'm five years old: When somebody dies of cancer, what exactly is the actual reason the body stops working? [/INST]

Seriously: Call the fire department and tell the Fire Chief that you have a building they can train on. Believe me they will appreciate the opportunity. </s>

Let the fire department use it for practice. Just make it so they burn the whole thing down. </s>

<s>[INST] (TN) Is it arson if I burn down a building that I own? I just inherited my father's farm. It has a barn where my father used to spend time away from us drinking and yelling. Also it's where he would bring me and my siblings to give us beatings and lock us up for the night when he was mad at us. My brother and I want to burn down the barn with some of my father's possessions inside to relieve ourselves of the memories. Can we pour gasoline and set the barn on fire or would it be arson? Thank you. [/INST]

Apparently Wakanda has the cure for cancer but doesn't share it with the rest of the world because "they'll just turn it into a weapon" and "if they really cared about their people's health they wouldn't sell cigarettes". </s>

Sauron, but good luck convincing him to do so. </s>

<s>[INST] [Marvel] I have cancer in an advanced stage with bad insurance and too many people counting on me to die now. Which super being good or evil is the most likely to be able to save me at the lowest cost? [/INST]

regular glass really is just pretty resistant to most "normal" chemicals. Off the top of my head all I can think of is Hydrofluoric acid that will eat into it. I'm sure there are other exotic solvents and stuff that might harm it but for 99% of chemistry and biology needs regular old glass works fine. </s>

There are some chemicals that dissolve glass. But glass is mostly silica and silica is pretty unreactive and resistant to most chemicals, acids, bases and just about anything you can throw at it. (Except, like broken spark plug insulators) </s>

<s>[INST] Do chemists have to use a special type of glass when dealing with highly corrosive/acidic chemicals? Or is there something about glass in general that prevents test tubes and beakers from being ruined by these chemicals that can completely dissolve bone, metal or basically anything that's put in it? [/INST]

I've wondered that too. And can we harvest all the excess skin from fat people that lose a ton of weight, and use the harvested skin for burn victims? </s>

Skin cells are made of squamous epithelial cells. Because of this they're super easy to generate and accommodate the production and growth of adipose (fat) tissue. Fun fact: when you lose fat you don't lose your fat cells, you just decrease their size. Also if you "max out" your fat cells you create new ones. Because of this, it's much easier to gain fat once you've lost it. So it's better if you try to be proactive with your weight rather than reactive! </s>

<s>[INST] As someone gets more obese, do their actual skin cells stretch or do they replicate fast enough to keep up with the increasing surface area? A follow up question would be: If the cells stretch more than they replicate, does this mean that there is a lower concentration of nerve endings? Would stretched skin around large fat deposits be less sensitive to touch? [/INST]