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turk

TURK is a multi-reference dataset for the evaluation of sentence simplification in English. The dataset consists of 2,359 sentences from the Parallel Wikipedia Simplification (PWKP) corpus. Each sentence is associated with 8 crowdsourced simplifications that focus on only lexical paraphrasing (no sentence splitting or deletion).

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

No Leaderboard for the task.

Languages

TURK contains English text only (BCP-47: en).

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

An instance consists of an original sentence and 8 possible reference simplifications that focus on lexical paraphrasing.

{'original': 'one side of the armed conflicts is composed mainly of the sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia group recruited mostly from the afro-arab abbala tribes of the northern rizeigat region in sudan .',
 'simplifications': ['one side of the armed conflicts is made of sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia recruited from the afro-arab abbala tribes of the northern rizeigat region in sudan .', 'one side of the armed conflicts consist of the sudanese military and the sudanese militia group janjaweed .', 'one side of the armed conflicts is mainly sudanese military and the janjaweed , which recruited from the afro-arab abbala tribes .', 'one side of the armed conflicts is composed mainly of the sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia group recruited mostly from the afro-arab abbala tribes in sudan .', 'one side of the armed conflicts is made up mostly of the sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia group whose recruits mostly come from the afro-arab abbala tribes from the northern rizeigat region in sudan .', 'the sudanese military and the janjaweed make up one of the armed conflicts , mostly from the afro-arab abbal tribes in sudan .', 'one side of the armed conflicts is composed mainly of the sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia group recruited mostly from the afro-arab abbala tribes of the northern rizeigat regime in sudan .', 'one side of the armed conflicts is composed mainly of the sudanese military and the janjaweed , a sudanese militia group recruited mostly from the afro-arab abbala tribes of the northern rizeigat region in sudan .']}

Data Fields

original: an original sentence from the source datasets
simplifications: a set of reference simplifications produced by crowd workers.

Data Splits

TURK does not contain a training set; many models use WikiLarge (Zhang and Lapata, 2017) or Wiki-Auto (Jiang et. al 2020) for training.

Each input sentence has 8 associated reference simplified sentences. 2,359 input sentences are randomly split into 2,000 validation and 359 test sentences.

	Dev	Test	Total
Input Sentences	2000	359	2359
Reference Simplifications	16000	2872	18872

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

The TURK dataset was constructed to evaluate the task of text simplification. It contains multiple human-written references that focus on only lexical simplification.

Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

The input sentences in the dataset are extracted from the Parallel Wikipedia Simplification (PWKP) corpus.

Who are the source language producers?

The references are crowdsourced from Amazon Mechanical Turk. The annotators were asked to provide simplifications without losing any information or splitting the input sentence. No other demographic or compensation information is provided in the paper.

Annotations

Annotation process

The instructions given to the annotators are available in the paper.

Who are the annotators?

The annotators are Amazon Mechanical Turk workers.

Personal and Sensitive Information

Since the dataset is created from English Wikipedia (August 22, 2009 version), all the information contained in the dataset is already in the public domain.

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

The dataset helps move forward the research towards text simplification by creating a higher quality validation and test dataset. Progress in text simplification in turn has the potential to increase the accessibility of written documents to wider audiences.

Discussion of Biases

The dataset may contain some social biases, as the input sentences are based on Wikipedia. Studies have shown that the English Wikipedia contains both gender biases (Schmahl et al., 2020) and racial biases (Adams et al., 2019).

Other Known Limitations

Since the dataset contains only 2,359 sentences that are derived from Wikipedia, it is limited to a small subset of topics present on Wikipedia.

Additional Information

Dataset Curators

TURK was developed by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania. The work was supported by the NSF under grant IIS-1430651 and the NSF GRFP under grant 1232825.

Licensing Information

GNU General Public License v3.0

Citation Information

 @article{Xu-EtAl:2016:TACL,
 author = {Wei Xu and Courtney Napoles and Ellie Pavlick and Quanze Chen and Chris Callison-Burch},
 title = {Optimizing Statistical Machine Translation for Text Simplification},
 journal = {Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
 volume = {4},
 year = {2016},
 url = {https://cocoxu.github.io/publications/tacl2016-smt-simplification.pdf},
 pages = {401--415}
 }

Contributions

Thanks to @mounicam for adding this dataset.

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Optimizing Statistical Machine Translation for Text Simplification

Size of downloaded dataset files:

895 kB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

895 kB

Number of rows:

2,359

original stringlengths 30 326	simplifications sequencelengths 8 8
adjacent counties are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb- .	[ "neighboring counties -lrb- a political and administrative division of a state , providing certain local governmental services -lrb- in the us -rrb- -rrb- are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb- .", "neighbhouring countries are marin , to the south , mendocino , to the north , lake northeast , napa to the east and solano and contra costa to the southeast .", "marin , mendocino , lake , napa , solano and contra costa are all adjacent countries .", "adjacent counties are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb- .", "adjacent counties are marin , mendocino , lake , napa and solano .", "neighboring counties are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb- .", "adjacent counties are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb-", "adjacent counties are marin -lrb- to the south -rrb- , mendocino -lrb- to the north -rrb- , lake -lrb- northeast -rrb- , napa -lrb- to the east -rrb- , and solano and contra costa -lrb- to the southeast -rrb- ." ]
a georgian inscription around the drum attests his name .	[ "there is a georgian inscription around the drum to confirm his name .", "a georgian wording around the drum serves as clear evidence of. his name .", "a georgian label around the drum gives evidence for his name .", "a georgian inscription around the drum has his name .", "a georgian inscription around the drum attests his name .", "a georgian inscription around the drum knows his name .", "a georgian written saying around the drum his name", "a georgian writing around the drum proves his name ." ]
they would later return to the revived series in the 2008 christmas special " the next doctor " , introducing two new variants of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .	[ "they would later return to the brought back to life series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new versions of the race ; the computer-shades and the computer-king .", "they would return to the series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new variants of the race .", "they would later return to the revived series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new variants of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .", "they would later return to the running again series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new types of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .", "they would later return to the revived series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new variants of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .", "they would return to the revived series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing tow new forms of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .", "they would later return to the revived -lrb- making some changes n the already existing work -rrb- series in the 2008 christmas special \" the next doctor \" , introducing two new variants of the race ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king .", "they would later come back to the became again number , order , group , line in the 2008 christmas special \" the the one after expert \" , putting into use for first time two new things changed of the group of the same blood ; the cyber-shades and the cyber-king" ]
jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale was published august 17 , 2004 .	[ "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale was published august 17 2004 .", "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale , was published august 17 , 2004 .", "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale was published august 17 , 2004 .", "jameson autobiography , how to make love .", "jameson 's autobiography , \" how to make love like a porn star , a cautionary tale \" was published august , 17 , 2004 .", "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale was published august 17 , 2004 .", "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale , was published august 17 , 2004 .", "jameson 's autobiography , how to make love like a porn star : a cautionary tale was published august 17 , 2004 ." ]
it is particularly famous for the cultivation of kiwifruit .	[ "it is mostly famous for the growing of kiwifruit .", "this area is known for growing kiwifruit", "it is known for the cultivation of kiwifruit in particular .", "it is mostly famous for growing kiwifruit .", "it is particularly famous for the cultivation of kiwifruit .", "it is particularly famous for growing kiwifruit .", "it is particularly famous for the cultivation of kiwifruit .", "it is unique famous for the cultivation of kiwifruit ." ]
singles competition -lrb- 2002 – 2003 -rrb- after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the undisputed championship .	[ "one on one competition -lrb- 2002-2003 -rrb- , after years in two on two division , hardy fought the undertaker in a ladder fight for the undisputed championship .", "hardy , after years in the tag team division took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the championship .", "singles competition -lrb- 2002 – 2003 -rrb- after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the undisputed championship .", "after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for undisputed championship .", "singles competition -lrb- 2002 – 2003 -rrb- : after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the undisputed championship .", "singles competition -lrb- 2002 – 2003 -rrb- after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the undisputed championship .", "the singles competition for the undisputed championship that was held in the period between two thousand and two and two thousand and three as a ladder match between hardy and the undertaker .", "after years in the tag team division , hardy took on the undertaker in a ladder match for the undisputed championship ." ]
many of the churches work together for town-wide projects under the banner of " churches together in stevenage " .	[ "many of the churches work together for projects across the town under the slogan of \" churches together in stevenage \" .", "several of the churches work together for city-wide projects under the banner of \" churches together in stevenage \"", "many churches work together for town projects under the banner of \" churches together in stevenage \" .", "many of the churches work together for town projects under the banner of \" churches together in stevenage \" .", "by using the banner \" churches together in stevenage \" , many of the churches work together for town-wide projects .", "1 . many churches work together for town-wide projects under the banner of \" churches together in stevenage \" .", "many of the churches work together for town-wide projects in the name of \" churches together in stevenage \" .", "many of the churches work together for town-wide projects , calliing themselves \" churches together in stevenage . \"" ]
word processing templates enable the ability to bypass the initial setup and configuration time necessary to create standardized documents such as a resume .	[ "word processing templates enable you to bypass setup necessary to create documents like a resume .", "word processing templates enable the ability to bypass the initial setup and configuration time necessary to create standardized documents such as a resume .", "word processing templates enable the ability to go around the initial setup and formating time necessary to create regulated documents such as a resume .", "word processing templates enable the ability to bypass the first setup and layout time necessary to create systematize documents such as a resume", "word processing -lrb- examples that should be copied -rrb- enable the ability to go around the initial setup and setup time necessary to create standardized documents such as a resume .", "word processing templates enable tthe ability to bypass the first setup and configuration time necessary to create standardized documents such as a resume .", "word processing templates simplifies creation of standardized documents such as resumes by bypassing the initial setup and configuration time .", "word processing templates enable the ability to bypass the initial setup and configuration time necessary to create standardized documents such as a resume ." ]
rollins retired in 1962 and opted to become a coach .	[ "rollins retired in 1962 and choosed to become a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and decided to become a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and become a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and became a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and decided to become a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and became a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and opted to become a coach .", "rollins retired in 1962 and opted to become a coach ." ]
history landsberg prison , which is in the town 's western outskirts , was completed in 1910 .	[ "history landsberg prison was finished in 1910 and is located west of the town .", "the construction of history landsberg prison located in the western outskirts of the town was over in 1910 .", "landsberg prison , in the west part of town , was completed in 1910 .", "history landsberg prison , which is outside of the town to the west , was completed in 1910 .", "landsberg prison , which is in the western outskirts of town , was completed in 1910 .", "1 . history landsberg prison , which is in the town 's western outer edge , was completed in 1910 .", "landsberg prison which is in the town 's western end was completed in 1910 .", "history landsberg prison , which is on the western side of town , was completed in 1910 ." ]
a hunting dog refers to any dog who assists humans in hunting .	[ "a hunting dog refers to any dog who assists humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog refers to any dog who assists humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog mean any dog who assists humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog refers to any dog who helps humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog is a dog that helps humans hunt .", "a hunting dog is a dog that assists humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog is any dog who helps humans in hunting .", "a hunting dog is any dog who helps humans in hunting ." ]
the empire of nicaea succeeded in capturing constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , thus re-establishing the byzantine empire .	[ "the byzantine empire came back when the empire of nicaea captured constantinople and the latin empire .", "the byzantine empire was re-established , after the empire of nicaea succeeded in capturing constantinople and the rest of the latin empire .", "the empire of nicaea succeeded and re-established in capturing constantinople and rest of latin empire as byzantine empire", "the empire of nicaea succeeded in capturing constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , thus re-establishing the byzantine empire .", "the empire of nicaea took over constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , putting the byzantine empire back in power .", "the empire of nicaea was able to capture constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , thus re-establishing the byzantine empire .", "the empire of nicaea succeeded in capturing constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , thus re-establishing the byzantine empire .", "the empire of nicaea succeeded in capturing constantinople and the rest of the latin empire , reestablishing the byzantine empire ." ]
this led scientists to re-examine the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .	[ "this led the scientists to reexamine the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .", "this led scientists to re-examine the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .", "this led scientists to re-examine the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .", "the satellite was finally found in the images after the scientists re-examined the old photos again .", "this led scientists to look at the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the pictures .", "the scientists looked at the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .", "this led scientists to look at the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images .", "this led scientists to re-examine the old photos again , and the satellite was finally found in the images ." ]
marcel junod -lrb- 1904-1961 -rrb- , a physician from geneva , was another famous delegate during the second world war .	[ "marcel junod -lrb- 1904-1961 -rrb- , a doctor from geneva , was another well-known delegate during the second world war .", "marcel junod , a physician from geneva , was another famous representative during the second world war .", "marcel junod -lrb- 1904-1961 -rrb- , a doctor from geneva , was another famous delegate during the second world war .", "marcel junod -lrb- 1904-1961 -rrb- , a physician from geneva , was another famous representative during the second world war .", "marcel junod -lrb- 1904-1961 -rrb- , a doctor from geneva , was another famous delegate during the second world war .", "a physcian from geneva , margel juod 1904-1961 was another fa , ous delegate suring world war 2 .", "marcel junod -lrb- 1904- 1961 -rrb- was a physician from geneva and another famous delegate during the second world war .", "marcel junod -lrb- nineteen hundred and four to nineteen hundred and sixty one -rrb- is another well-known physician who was part of the delegate during the world war two ." ]
whisenhunt 's career as a player included 4 years -lrb- 1985-88 -rrb- as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , who drafted him in the twelfth round , and then spells with the washington redskins and new york jets .	[ "drafted in the twelfth round whisenhunt played 4 years as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , then the washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's career as a player included 4 years -lrb- 1985-88 -rrb- as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , who drafted him in the twelfth round , and then time with the washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's carreer as a player included 4 years as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , who drafted him in the twelfth round , and the spells with the washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's career as a player included 4 years with the atlanta falcons , and then spells with the washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's career as a player contain 4 years -lrb- 1985-88 -rrb- as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , he was drafted him in the twelfth round , and then spells with the washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunts career as a player began with 4 years as a tight end with the atlanta falcons from 1985 to 1988 after they drafted him in the twelfth round . then he worked for a time with the washington redskins and the new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's career as a player included 4 years as a tight end with the atlanta falcons who drafted him in the twelfth round and spells with both washington redskins and new york jets .", "whisenhunt 's career as a player included 4 years -lrb- 1985-88 -rrb- as a tight end with the atlanta falcons , who drafted him in the twelfth round , and then spells with the washington redskins and new york jets ." ]
in return , romania ceded three southern districts of bessarabia to russia and acquired dobruja .	[ "romania ceded three southern districts of bessarabia to russia in return for dorbuja .", "in return , romania gave up three southern areas of bessarabia to russia and got dobruja .", "in response , romania gave up three of the southern districts of bessarabia to russia and took over dobruja", "in return , romania traded three southern districts of bessarabia to russia for dobruja .", "in return , romania ceded three southern districts of bessarabia to russia and acquired dobruja .", "in return , romania gave three southern districts of bessarabia to russia and got dobruja in return .", "in return , romania gave three southern districts of bessarabia to russia and got dobruja .", "in return , romania gave up three southern districts of bessarabia to russia and got dobruja ." ]
in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation purchased world championship wrestling .	[ "in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation bought world championship wrestling .", "the world wrestling federation purchased world championship wrestling in march of 2001 .", "in march 2001 , the world fighting federation got to own world sporting event fighting .", "in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation bought world championship wrestling .", "in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation purchased world championship wrestling .", "in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation bought world championship wrestling .", "the world wrestling federation bought world championship wrestling in march 2001 .", "in march 2001 , the world wrestling federation bought world championship wrestling ." ]
the west coast blues is a type of blues music characterized by jazz and jump blues influences , strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos , which originated from texas blues players relocated to california in the 1940s .	[ "the west coast blues which is a type of music blues characterized by jazz and jump blues influences the strong piano - dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos which was originated from texaz blues players who are relocated to california in 1940 's", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music characterized by jazz and jump blues influences , strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos , which originated from texas blues players .", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music that has jazz and jump blues influences , strong piano-heavy sounds and jazzy guitar solos , which came from texas blues players who moved to california in the 1940s .", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music with jazz and jump blues influences , strong piano sounds and jazzy guitar solos , which began from texas blues players relocated to california in the 1940s .", "the west coast blues is a sort of blues music represented by jazz and jump blues effects , strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy music instrument with 6-cords solos , which originated from texas blues players put in a different place to california in the 1940s .", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music identified by jazz and jump blues influences , strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos , which began from texas blues players that moved to california in the 1940 's .", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music marked by jazz and jump blues influences . the music is enriched with strong piano dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos . it is originated from texas blues players shifted to california in the 1940s .", "the west coast blues is a type of blues music characterized by jazz and jump blues influences strong piano-dominated sounds and jazzy guitar solos ." ]
subsequent visits reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor .	[ "several visits reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor .", "subsequent visitors reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor .", "subsequent visits reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor .", "visitors who came later said they saw the flag flying from places of honor .", "frequent visits have shown the flag flying in places of honor .", "follow-up visits reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor .", "during subsequent visits , it was reported the flag flew from places of honor .", "subsequent visits reported seeing the flag flying from places of honor ." ]
agriculture locals grow seasonal crops such as maize -lrb- makai -rrb- and wheat -lrb- kanak -rrb- .	[ "locals grow crops such as maize and wheat .", "agriculture locals grow seasonal crops such as maize -lrb- makai -rrb- and wheat -lrb- kanak -rrb- .", "locals grow seasonal crops such as maize and wheat .", "local farmers grow season crops such as corn and wheat -rrb- .", "farmers grow seasonal crops like maize -lrb- makai -rrb- and wheat -lrb- kanak -rrb- .", "locals grow seasonal crops such as maize and wheat", "locals grow seasonal crops such as maize -lrb- makai -rrb- and wheat -lrb- kanak -rrb- .", "locals grow plants such as maize -lrb- makai -rrb- and wheat -lrb- kanak -rrb- ." ]
in 2004 , roy was selected as the greatest goaltender in nhl history by a panel of 41 writers , coupled with a simultaneous fan poll .	[ "in 2004 , roy was selected as the greatest goaltender in nhl history by a 41 writers panel , coupled with simultaneous fan poll .", "in 2004 , roy was picked out as the greatest goaltender in nhl history by a panel of 41 writers as well a by a fan poll that was taken at the same time .", "in 2004 , roy was chosen as the greatest goaltender in nhl history by a panel of 41 writers , coupled with a same time fan poll .", "in 2004 , roy was selected as the greatest goaltender .", "in 2004 , a panel of 41 writers and a fan poll at the same time selected roy as the greatest goaltender in nhl history .", "in 2004 , roy was selected as the greatest goaltender in nhl history by a panel of 41 writers , coupled with a simultaneous fan poll .", "in 2004 , roy was chosen as the best goaltender in nhl history by a panel of 41 writers and a fan poll .", "a panel of 41 writers and afan poll selected roy as the greatest nhl goaltender in 2004 ." ]
frances was later absorbed by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 .	[ "frances was later absorbed by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 .", "on november 21 , an extratropical cyclone absorbed frances .", "frances was later absorbed by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 .", "an extratropical cyclone absorbed frances on november 21 .", "frances was later absorbed by an non-tropical hurricane on november 21 .", "frances was later absorbed by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 .", "frances was later soaked up like a towel by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 .", "frances was later absorbed by an extratropical cyclone on november 21 ." ]
tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach early on september 22 , and shortly thereafter it dissipated over southeastern alabama .	[ "the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach on september 22 , and shortly it dissipated over southeastern alabama .", "tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach initially on september 22 , and soon thereafter it dispersed over southeastern alabama .", "early september 22 depression moved northwestward to ashore near fort walton beach and then died swiftly over southeastern alabama .", "tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach on september 22 and thereafter it dissipated over southeastern alabama .", "tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach early on september 22 , and shortly after that it disappeared -lrb- or wasted -rrb- over southeastern alabama .", "tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach early on september 22 , and shortly thereafter it dissipated over southeastern alabama .", "early on september 22 , the depression moved ashore trailing northwest , near fort walton beach , and shortly afterwards it spread out and disappeared over southeastern alabama .", "tracking northwestward , the depression moved ashore near fort walton beach early on september 22 , and shortly thereafter it fell apart over southeastern alabama ." ]
anthony mcgill is the principal clarinetist for the metropolitan opera .	[ "anthony mcgill is the main clarinetist for metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the principal clarinetist for the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the main clarinetist for the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the main person to play the clarinet for the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the lead clarinet player for the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the main clarinetist for the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the main clarinetist in the metropolitan opera .", "anthony mcgill is the principal clarinetist for the metropolitan opera ." ]
the author -lrb- s -rrb- and publisher -lrb- s -rrb- of the document do not by this license give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any modified version .	[ "the creator -lrb- s -rrb- and the representative -lrb- s -rrb- of the owner of the document do not by this license allow them to use their names for attention or to claim or suggest approval of any modified version .", "by this license , the authors and publishers of the document do not give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any modified version .", "the author and publisher of the document do not by this license give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert endorsement of any modified version .", "the authors / publishers of the document do n't by the licence give permission to use their names for publicity or to assert or imply endorsement of many modified version", "the author -lrb- s -rrb- and publisher -lrb- s -rrb- of the document do not by this license give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any modified version .", "the author -lrb- s -rrb- and publisher -lrb- s -rrb- of the document do not by this license give permission to use their names for publicity for or to say or suggest support of any modified version .", "the authour -lrb- s -rrb- and publisher -lrb- s -rrb- of the document do not by this license give access to use their names for public use or to give endorsement of a modified version .", "the authors and publishers do not give permission to use their names for publicity or to assert enforsement ." ]
the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph -lrb- 225 km / h -rrb- , 4.54mw / 6,300 hp electric locomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the late 1980s .	[ "the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph electric locomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the 1980s .", "the british rail 91 is a class of 140mph , 4.5mw / 6300hp loocomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of 1980s", "the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph -lrb- 225 km / h -rrb- , 4.54mw / 6,300 hp electric locomotives -lrb- a powered rail vehicle used for pulling trains -rrb- ordered as a part of the east coast main line modernisation -lrb- making modern in the appearance -rrb- and electrification -lrb- the process of powering by electricity -rrb- programme of the late 1980s .", "the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph -lrb- 225 km / h -rrb- , 4.54mw / 6,300 hp electric locomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the late 1980s .", "the british rail class 91 is a group of 140 mph -lrb- 225 km / h -rrb- , 4.54 mw / 6,300 hp electric trains ordered as a part of the late 1980s east coast main lines effort to modernize and electrify them .", "the british rail class 91 , consists of 140 mph -lrb- 225 km / h -rrb- , 4.54mw -lrb- 6,300hp -rrb- , electric locomotives which were ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the late 1980 's .", "the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph , 4054 mw / 6,300 hpf electric locomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the late 1980s .", "the british rail class 91 is a class of 140 mph , 4.54mw / 6,300 hp electric locomotives ordered as a component of the east coast main line modernisation and electrification programme of the late 1980s ." ]
the premiere received a 2.79 rating , making it the highest rated show on cable in its time slot .	[ "with a 2.79 rating , the premiere was the highest rated show in its time slot on cable .", "1 . the premiere received a 2.79 rating , making it the highest rated show on cable in its time slot .", "the premiere was rated as the highest rated show on cable in its time slot with 2.79 rating", "the premiere is the highest rated show on cable in its time slot , rating 2.79 .", "the first show received a 2.79 rating , making it the most popular show on cable in its time slot .", "the premiere recieved a 2.79 rating , the highest rated show on cable during the time slot .", "the first show got a 2.79 rating , making it the most watched show on cable in its time slot .", "the premiere received a 2.79 rating , making it the highest rated show on cable in its time slot ." ]
there are claims that thousands of people were impaled at a single time .	[ "there are claims that thousands of people were stabbed at once .", "there are claims that thousands of people were impaled at a single time .", "it 's claimed that thousands of people were impaled at the same time .", "there are claims that thousands of people were stabbed at a single time .", "there are claims that thousands of people were impaled at a single time .", "some say that thousands were stabbed through at a single time .", "there are claims that over one thousand people were stabbed at one time .", "there are claims that thousands of people were impaled at a single time ." ]
the name " hornet " is used for this and related species primarily because of their habit of making aerial nests -lrb- similar to the true hornets -rrb- rather than subterranean nests .	[ "this and similar species are often called hornets because they make nests similar to actual hornets instead of nests in the ground .", "like true hornets , they are called \"", "the name \" hornet \" is used for this and related species mainly because of their habit of making open-air nests -lrb- similar to true hornets -rrb- rather than underground nests .", "the name \" hornet \" is used for this and related species basically because of their habit of making up- in -the -air nests -lrb- similar to the true hornets -rrb- rather than in-the-ground nests .", "hornet is used for this and related species primarily because of their habit of making aerial nests", "the name \" hornet \" is used for this and related species because they make aerial nests -lrb- similar to the true hornets -rrb- instead of subterranean nests .", "the name \" hornet \" is used for this and related species primarily because of their habit of making aerial nests rather than subterranean nests .", "the name \" hornet \" is used for this and related species primarily because of their habit of making aerial nests -lrb- similar to the true hornets -rrb- rather than subterranean nests ." ]
in 1589 , salt began to be made in sunderland .	[ "in 1589 , salt began to be made in sunderland .", "in 1589 salt began to be made in sunderland .", "salt began being made in sunderland in 1589 .", "in 1589 , salt began to be made in sunderland .", "in 1589 , salt began to be made in sunderland .", "in 1589 , salt began to be made in sunderland .", "in 1589 , salt was first made in sunderland .", "salt got its beginnings in sunderland in 1589 ." ]
some trails are designated as nature trails , and are used by people learning about the natural world .	[ "people learn about the matural world while treading along paths that are called as nature trails .", "some trails are named as nature trails . poeple use them to learn about the natural world .", "some trails are marked as nature trails , and are used by people learning about nature .", "some trails are labeled as nature trails , and are used by people learning about nature and the environmenet .", "1 . some trails are set aside and named as nature trails , and are used by people learning about the natural world .", "some trails are designated as nature trails .", "some trails are designated as nature trails , and are used by people learning about the natural world .", "some trails are set to be nature trails , and are used by people learning about the natural world ." ]
in august 2007 , hager was reassigned to florida championship wrestling , where he began a feud with tj wilson .	[ "hager begin a feud with tj wilson after getting assigned to florida championship wrestling .", "in august of 2007 , hager was sent back to florida championship wrestling , where he began an ongoing quarrel with tj wilson .", "in august 2007 , hager was reappointed to florida championship wrestling , where he started a conflic with t j wilson .", "in august 2007 , hager was sent to florida championship wrestling , where he began an argument with tj wilson .", "in august 2007 , hager was moved to florida championship wrestling , where he began a feud with tj wilson .", "hager began a fued with tj wilson in august 2007 after he was transferred to florida championship wrestling .", "in august 2007 , hager was reassigned to florida fights forhip wrestling , where he began a fight with tj wilson .", "in august 2007 , hager was reassigned to florida championship wrestling , where he began a feud with tj wilson ." ]
these rock formations are characteristically composed of sandstone with layers of quartz .	[ "these rock formations are characteristically made of sandstone with layers of quartz .", "characteristics of these rock formations are sandstone composition with quartz layers .", "these rock formations are usually made of sandstone with layers of quartz .", "these rock formations are made of sandstone with layers of quartz .", "these rocks are usually made of sandstone with sheets of quartz .", "these rock formations are characteristically composed of sandstone with layers of quartz .", "these rock formations are characteristically composed of sandstone with layers of quartz .", "these rock formations are characteristically composed of sandstone with layers of vitreous silica ." ]
notably absent from the city are fortifications and military structures .	[ "notably absent from the city are fortifications and military structures .", "notably absent from the city are fortifications and military structures .", "the city does not have fortifications or military structures .", "notably absent from the city are fortifications and military structures .", "notably absent from the city are barriers and military structures .", "there no forts or military structures in the city .", "some things important missing from the city are protective buildings and military buildings .", "especially or famously absent from the city are strengthenings and military structures ." ]
san francisco bay is located in the u.s. state of california , surrounded by a contiguous region known as the san francisco bay area , dominated by the large cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .	[ "san francisco bay is located in the u.s. state of california , surrounded by a contiguous region known as the san francisco bay area , influenced by the large cities , san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is found in the u.s. state of california , surrounded by a bordering region known as the san francisco bay area , dominated by the big cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is in the u. s. state california , surrounded by the san francisco bay area , a contiguous region . large cities like san francisco , oakland and san jose dominate this area .", "san francisco bay is situated in the u.s. state of california . it is surrounded by an adjacent area known as the san francisco bay area . the bay is dominated by the large cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is located in california surrounded by a region known as the san francisco bay area , dominated by the cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is situated in the u.s. state of california , encircled by a touching region known as the san francisco bay area , controlled by the large cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is located in the u.s. state of california , surrounded by a touching area known as the san francisco bay area , ruled by the large cities san francisco , oakland and san jose .", "san francisco bay is located in the state of california , surrounded by a nearby region known as the san francisco bay area , dominated by the large cities san francisco , oakland , and san jose ." ]
adrastea was discovered by david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the designation .	[ "david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson was discovered adrastea in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the designation .", "david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson discovered adrastea in pictures taken on july 8 , 1979 with the voyager 2 probe", "adrastea was discovered by david jewitt and g. edward danielson in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 1979 and received the designation .", "the credit for the discovery of adrastea that went on get due designation goes to david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson who clicked photographs during the voyager two probe on july eight , year nineteen seventy nine .", "adrastea was discovered by david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson in traveler 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the name or label .", "adrastea was discovered by david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the name .", "adrastea was discovered by david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the designation .", "adrastea was discovered by david c. jewitt and g. edward danielson in voyager 2 probe photographs taken on july 8 , 1979 , and received the designation ." ]
picasa web albums was first leaked on june 6 , 2006 .	[ "june 6 , 2006 saw the first emergence of picasa web albums .", "picasa web albums was first became known on june 6 , 2006 .", "picasa web albums started being illegally distributed on june 6 , 2006 .", "picasa web albums was depute leaked on june 6 , 2006 .", "on june 6 , 2006 the first picasa web albums were leaked .", "picasa web albums was first leaked on june 6 , 2006 .", "picasa web albums was first leaked on june 6 , 2006 .", "picasa web albums was first exposed to public on june 6 , 2006 ." ]
it is probably a primitive body composed of carbonates .	[ "it is probably a primitive body composed of carbonates .", "1 . it is probably a primitive body made of carbonates .", "it is probably a primitive body made of carbonates .", "it is a primitive body composed of carbonates .", "it is probably a primitive body , it made up of carbonates .", "it is probably a primitive body composed of carbonates .", "it could be a simple body composed of carbonates .", "it is probably a simple body composed of carbonates ." ]
either way , artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of apollo .	[ "artemis was born first and assisted with the birth of apollo .", "either way , artemis was born first and then helped with the birth of apollo .", "either way , artemis was born first and then helped with the birth of apollo .", "either way , artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of apollo .", "no matter how it happened , artemis was born first and then helped with the birth of apollo .", "artemis was born first and then assisted with the birth of apollo .", "artemis was born first and then helped with the birth of apollo .", "either way , artemis was born first and then helped with the birth of apollo ." ]
the park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations .	[ "the park has become a common location for mass demonstrations .", "the park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations .", "the park has become a regular location for mass protests .", "the park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations .", "the park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations .", "the park is now a place often used for large protests .", "the park has become a traditional location for mass demonstrations .", "the park has become a usual place for big demonstrations ." ]