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{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "RE0286710", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "500649&", "Application Type": "2", "Publication Level": "E", "Art unit": "315", "Application Filing Date": "19740826", "Title of Invention": "Hydrophone damper assembly", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "18", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "13", "Assistant Examiner": "Basinger; Sherman D.", "Primary Examiner": "Blix; Trygve M.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "2", "Number of figures": "10", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "A damper for use in submerged hydrophone suspension systems including an elongated mass cylinder defined by a tube of flexible synthetic plastic film utilizing a check valve located at each end permitting water to enter the tube and preventing egress. Additionally, each tube end is provided with a disk transversely disposed to the tube length and of a diameter substantially greater than that of the tube to provide drag and hydrodynamic mass damping. The tube and disk are of a configuration to eliminate vortex shedding and the entire damper assembly is capable of being folded and packed within a concise configuration prior to deployment.", "claims": { "STM": "I claim:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. A hydrophone damper assembly comprising, in combination, an elongated tube of flexible material having first and second ends, a check valve attached to each tube end and sealing the associated end, said check valves permitting water to enter the tube and preventing water egress, and attachment means associated with said tube for attaching hydrophone structure thereto.", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "2. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 1 wherein said attachment means is mounted upon at least one of said check valves.", "NUM_3": "3.", "PAR_3": "3. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 1 wherein said tube is formed of a synthetic plastic film.", "NUM_4": "4.", "PAR_4": "4. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 1, a disk attached to said tube, said disk having a generally flat planar configuration and transversely related to the length of said tube and having a diameter greater than the diameter of said tube.", "NUM_5": "5.", "PAR_5": "5. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 4 wherein said disk is affixed to said tube adjacent one of said ends.", "NUM_6": "6.", "PAR_6": "6. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 5 wherein a disk is attached to each end of said tube.", "NUM_7": "7.", "PAR_7": "7. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 5 wherein said check valves include tube and disk mounting means, said valve at said one tube end attaching said disk to said tube.", "NUM_8": "8.", "PAR_8": "8. A hydrophone damper assembly comprising, in combination, an elongated tube of flexible material having first and second ends, a check valve affixed to each tube end and closing the associated end permitting water to enter the tube and preventing water egress therefrom, a substantially flat disk member affixed to said tube adjacent each end whereby the general plane of said disks is transversely disposed to the tube length, and attachment means mounted upon said tube adjacent said ends for attaching hydrophone structure thereto.", "NUM_9": "9.", "PAR_9": "9. In a hydrophone assembly as in claim 8 wherein said tube and disks are formed of a synthetic plastic film, each of said disks including a deformable resilient ring forming and maintaining the disk periphery.", "NUM_10": "10.", "PAR_10": "10. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 9 wherein said check valves include film retaining means, said film retaining means interconnecting and maintaining the assembly of the associated tube end, disk and check valve.", "NUM_11": "11.", "PAR_11": "11. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 8, disk orientation means interposed between said disks and said tube obliquely angularly orienting the plane of said disks to the length of said tube.", "NUM_12": "12.", "PAR_12": "12. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 11 wherein said tube is of a curved configuration relative to its length. .Iadd. 13. A hydrophone damper comprising, in combination, an envelope of flexible material, a check valve defined in said envelope directly communicating with the environment surrounding said envelope, said check valve permitting water to directly enter the envelope whereby said envelope confines the water therein and preventing said water from leaving said envelope, and attachment means associated with said envelope for attaching hydrophone structure thereto. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 14. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 13 wherein said envelope comprises a tube having first and second ends, and said check valve is located in one of said ends. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 15. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 13 wherein said envelope comprises a tube having first and second ends, a disk attached to said tube adjacent at least one of said ends, said disk having a generally flat planar configuration and transversely related to the length of said tube and having a diameter greater than the diameter of said tube. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 16. In a hydrophone damper assembly as in claim 15 wherein said disk is formed of a flexible synthetic plastic film and has a generally circular periphery, an annular resilient spring element within said disk engaging the periphery thereof and having a normal expanded circular configuration, said element capable of being twisted and folded into a plurality of loops of a dimension less than said elements' normal expanded configuration and expanding into its normal configuration when unrestrained. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 17. In a hydrophone damper as in claim 13, said envelope having an elongated tubular configuration and an inflated cylindrical transverse cross-sectional configuration, said check valve having a flat configuration having a circular diameter substantially corresponding to the inflated diameter of said envelope. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 18. A hydrophone damper comprising, in combination, an envelope of flexible material having first and second ends, a check valve defined in one of said envelope ends directly communicating with the environment surrounding said envelope, said check valve permitting water to directly enter the envelope whereby said envelope confines the water therein and preventing water from leaving said envelope, and attachment means associated with said envelope for attaching hydrophone structure thereto. .Iaddend.", "PA1": null, "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": "DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT", "PAR": "FIG. 1 illustrates a deployed sonobuoy system using a damper and improved transducer platform for providing high quality transmission of underwater sound vibrations. The sonobuoy float 10 floats upon the surface of the water and the cannister 12 depends from the float. The cannister is of a hollow cylindrical configuration and prior to deployment houses the sonobuoy components. In those cases where the sonobuoy is dropped from aircraft the cannister serves to protect the transducer, damper and other components upon impact with the water. A cable 14 depends from the cannister and is attached to the upper end of the damper assembly generally indicated at 16. A second cable 18 depends from the lower end of the damper assembly and is attached to the hydrophone assembly generally indicated at 20. The assembly 20 includes instrumentation housing 22, housing 23, compliant expansion cables 24 and 26, hydrophone 28, and weight 30. The housing 23 and hydrophone 28 are located within a mesh tube 32 which reduces flow noises and electrical conductors, not shown, interconnect the hydrophone with its transmitter housings 22 and 23 and the transmitter located within the cannister 12. The assembly 20 constitutes no part of the invention and is described in detail in the assignee's copending application, Ser. No. 111,410, filed Feb. 1, 1971. It is to be understood that the purpose of the damper assembly 16 is to provide a stable platform for the hydrophone assembly 20 and does so in the manner described below.", "PAR_2": "The damper assembly 16 includes a mass cylinder 34 formed by a tube or sleeve of flexible synthetic plastic film of only a few thousandths of an inch thickness whereby the cross-sectional configuration of the tube is cylindrical and the tube may be concisely folded.", "PAR_3": "The ends of the tube 34 are cut at substantially right angles to the tube length, when deployed, and are connected to check valve structure in a manner later described. The check valve structure 36 is identical at each end of the tube and each check valve includes retaining ring members whereby the tube and disk members associated at each tube end may be mechanically connected simultaneously to the check valve.", "PAR_4": "The disks 38 are also each formed of synthetic plastic film having an upper layer 40 and a lower layer 42, FIG. 6. When deployed, the annular configuration of the disks is maintained by an annular resilient spring-like ring 44, and the disks are formed by a heat sealing process resulting in a peripheral seam 46.", "PAR_5": "Stabilizer straps 48 of plastic film are connected to each of the peripheries of the disks 38 at one end, and connected to the central region of the tube 34 at the other end, and the length of the stabilizers is such that the disks 38 are canted with respect to each other as will be apparent in FIGS. 2 and 3.", "PAR_6": "The check valve structure 36 will be appreciated from FIGS. 4, 6 and 7. As appreciated from FIG. 4, the check valves are of an annular configuration including a peripheral rim region 50. The body of the valve is formed of a synthetic plastic material and is of a cylindrical configuration including a passage 52. centrally defined therein through which water may flow into the tube 34. Webs 54 diametrically extend across the passage 52 and the inner surface 56 of the rim region serves as a valve seat for the resilient, flexible flap valve 58 riveted to the valve body at 60. Thus, it will be appreciated that water may flow through the passage 52 against the valve element 58 and around the valve element into the tube 34. However, the water may not flow from the tube in that the valve 58 seats against the surface 56, and that portion of the valve disposed over the passage 52 is supported by the webs 54.", "PAR_7": "The valves 36 are connected to the tube 34, and serve to interconnect the tube and disks by means of a retaining ring assembly 62 which consists of an outer annular ring 64 and annular inner ring 66. The ring 64 and an L cross-sectional configuration including a radial surface 68 for opposed relationship to the peripheral rim region surface 70. Also, the ring 64 is recessed at 72 whereby the ring 66 overlays the ring 64 to maintain the assembly thereof to the valve body.", "PAR_8": "The valve body peripheral rim region is provided with a conical \"undercut\" surface 74 and a radial surface 76 for cooperation with corresponding conical surface 78 and radial surface 80 defined upon the ring 66. The ring 66 is split at 82, FIG. 4, wherein once the ring 64 is positioned as shown in FIG. 7, the ring 66 may be inserted into the recess 72 defined by the ring 64 and the conical surface 74. Due to the presence of the conical surfaces 74 and 78 the ring 66 will be maintained in position, and thereby maintain the assembly of the retaining ring assembly 62 upon the valve body.", "PAR_9": "The tube material adjacent the tube end is disposed between the surfaces 68 and 70, the surfaces 76 and 80 and the surfaces 74 and 78 as appreciated from FIG. 7. Likewise, the synthetic plastic film layers constituting the layers 40 and 42 of the disks 38 are disposed between the aforementioned surfaces as illustrated whereby compression upon the material of the tube and disks is maintained between the valve body and the retaining ring assembly to form an effective sealing mechanical connection between the tube, associated disk and check valve structure.", "PAR_10": "The aforementioned check valve structure constitutes the subject matter of the assignee's pending U.S. Pat. application, Ser. No. 145,133, filed May 20, 1971.", "PAR_11": "An inelastic plastic strip 84 is adhered to the tube 34 throughout its length and electrical conductors 86, FIG. 5, are sandwiched between the tube 34 and the adhesive strip 84 wherein such conductors interconnect the hydrophone assembly 20 below the damper with the cannister 12 located vertically above. The disks 38 may be provided with vent holes 88, and loop anchors 90 formed of a reinforced fabric, FIG. 6, are defined on each of the valve structures 36, and affixed thereto by rivets 92, FIG. 6, to serve as the mounting for the suspension cables 14 and 18.", "PAR_12": "In that the tube 34 and disks 38 are formed of a highly flexible lightweight synthetic plastic film material it is possible to fold the entire damper assembly 16 in a space only slightly greater than that occupied by the valves 36 when stacked one upon the other. Such concise packaging is illustrated by the folding procedure shown in FIGS. 8 through 10. Each of the disks may be folded as illustrated due to the resilient nature of the annular rings 44 wherein each ring is folded and \"wound\" to a diameter substantially equal to that of a check valve body. FIG. 10 illustrates the configuration of the disk once the ring is folded in the described manner. Thereupon the tube material may be sandwiched between the folded disks and check valves and the damper assembly is inserted into the cannister 12 intermediate the float 10 and the hydrophone assembly 20.", "PAR_13": "When the cannister 12 engages the water surface, the release mechanism permits the assemblies 20 and 16 to deploy from the cannister. The weight of the assembly 20 will pull the damper assembly 16 from the cannister and as the assembly 16 is removed from the confines of the cannister the rings 44 will, due to their resilient nature, \"open\" to form the disk configuration apparent in FIGS. 2 and 3. Additionally, as the damper assembly is pulled down through the water the water will be forced into the interior of the tube through the lower check valve passage 52. Any air trapped in the tube 34 will soon escape the tube upon wave motion causing an upward movement of the damper assembly wherein the upper check valve 36 will momentarily open and permit entrapped air to be released. The mass of the water entrapped within the tube 34 is significant and thus a mass damping is achieved.", "PAR_14": "The inelastic strip 84 causes the tube to form an arc rather than a straight line, and the strip 84 is located at 180.degree. with respect to the stabilizer straps 48.", "PAR_15": "The configuration of the damper due to the presence of the inelastic strip 84 and the canting of the disks 38 stabilizes the damper in the presence of a shear current in that the curved configuration employed in conjunction with the offsetting of the points of attachment occurring at the attachment rings 90 located adjacent the check valve edge regions minimizes rotation of the damper, and as such rotation would aggravate the instability of the damper in a shear current such features are of significance.", "PAR_16": "Additionally, vortex shedding is greatly reduced due to the presence of the stabilizer straps 48 and the canting of the disks. This combination disrupts the normal waterflow around the tube breaking up the pattern of vortex shedding. Thus, the damper may be used in close proximity to a hydrophone platform without adverse effect.", "PAR_17": "Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the damper of the assembly effectively produces mass, drag and hydrodynamic mass damping with the utilization of economically produced structure easily stowable in a restricted volume container. Advantageous waterflow characteristics are achieved wherein the damper does not introduce extraneous vibrations into the hydrophone suspension system, and assembly of the damper components is minimized due to the mechanical interconnection thereof achieved by the check valves 36.", "PAR_18": "It is appreciated that various modifications to the inventive concept may be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.", "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION", "PAR": "The invention pertains to the field of motion damping devices used with submerged marine instrumentation for damping instrumentation movement and displacement due to wave and water motion.", "PAR_2": "In underwater transducer and hydrophone installations, such as in a sonobuoy system for detecting submarine sounds and the like, the provision of a substantially stable platform for the hydrophone is of prime importance in order to reduce extraneous noises and signals and permit the most accurate sound pressure wave input characteristics.", "PAR_3": "The purpose of sonobuoy suspension systems is to attenuate the vertical motion imparted by surface wave action to a hydrophone platform as motion of the hydrophone due to surface wave action will result in the generation of spurious low frequency signals. The attenuation system itself must not produce low frequency lateral motion oscillation such as those commonly found in objects suspended in ocean currents resulting from periodic shedding of vortices in the flowing fluid.", "PAR_4": "In a free floating sonobuoy system it is also important that a high drag concentration in the vicinity of the hydrophone platform be produced to reduce the relative velocity of the flow past the hydrophone to minimize the magnitude of any occurring flow noise as well as reducing the frequency of the noise associated with boundry layer transition on the hydrophone surfaces. Additionally, the magnitude and frequency of any unavoidable motion associated with vortex shedding is simultaneously reduced.", "PAR_5": "Improved transducer suspension systems have been achieved by the utilization of complaint members such as shown in the assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,615. Additionally, the utilization of specialized configurations in floating and buoy systems for stabilization purposes are known as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,191,202, 3,500,783, 3,510,892 and 3,543,228. However, a damper assembly for use with submerged hydrophone assemblies wherein a mass damper of an effective construction capable of being concisely stored has not been previously successfully achieved.", "PAC_2": "SUMMARY", "PAR_6": "It is an object of the invention to provide a low cost damper for the purpose of stabilizing the position of a hydrophone platform in order to reduce the introduction of spurious noises and signals into the hydrophone. The damper of the invention utilizes both mass, drag and hydrodynamic mass damping characteristics, and while the mass of the damper is significant when deployed, its weight when stored is very small and its unique construction utilizes entrapped water to produce the desired damping mass.", "PAR_7": "Additionally, the damper assembly of the invention isolates the hydrophone platform from any direct input of residual strumming produced by the compliant cable spring suspension utilized in conjunction with the hydrophone, and the construction of the damper is such as to minimize the occurrence of vibration due to water current and flow past the damper components.", "PAR_8": "The damper assembly in accord with the invention includes a long cylinder of flexible synthetic plastic film closed at each end by a check valve of unique configuration which permits water to enter, but not leave the tube. Disks having a diameter substantially greater than that of the tube are attached to each tube end at the check valves transversely disposed to the tube length to produce hydrodynamic damping and the disks are canted with respect to each other to minimize adverse effects produced by vortex shedding. An inelastic strip is affixed to the tube extending its length causing the tube to be warped or curved in an arc in the longitudinal direction minimizing rotation of the damper due to waterflow, and elimination of such rotation is important as rotation will aggravate the instability of the damper assembly in a shear current.", "PAR_9": "The disks located at the tube end are formed of synthetic plastic film and their shape is maintained, when deployed, by a flexible, resilient ring formed of a spring steel material which forms an expanded cylindrical configuration as soon as the damper is deployed and removed from its storage cannister.", "PAR_10": "Assembly of the damper is simplified by the utilization of retaining members defined on the check valve wherein a mechanical interconnection between the tube and associated disks is simultaneously achieved by the assembly of the check valve structure. Also, suspension means are defined on the check valve permitting the damper to constitute a component in the hydrophone suspension system.", "PAC_3": null, "TBL": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Widenhofer; James W.", "City": "Jackson", "State": "MI", "Street": null, "Zip code": null, "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [ { "inventor name": "Sparton Corporation", "City": "Jackson", "State": "MI", "Assignee type code": "02", "Country": null, "Assignee descriptive text": null } ], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Beaman & Beaman", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "2790186", "Issue date": "19570400", "Patentee name": "Carapellotti", "US classification": "9 8R", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3329015", "Issue date": "19670700", "Patentee name": "Bakeke et al.", "US classification": "340 2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3377615", "Issue date": "19680400", "Patentee name": "Lutes", "US classification": "340 2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3543228", "Issue date": "19701100", "Patentee name": "Farmer", "US classification": "340 2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3543228", "Issue date": "19701100", "Patentee name": "Farmer et al.", "US classification": "9 8R", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3711821", "Issue date": "19730100", "Patentee name": "Dale et al.", "US classification": "9 8R", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3720909", "Issue date": "19730300", "Patentee name": "Sikora", "US classification": "340 2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3803540", "Issue date": "19740400", "Patentee name": "Mar et al.", "US classification": "340 2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "9", "8R" ], "XCL": [ "340", "2", "XCL 340 3T", "XCL 340 7R", "XCL 340 8R" ], "EDF": [ "2" ], "ICL": [ "B63B", "2152", "ICL B63B 5102" ], "FSC": [ "9", "FSC 340", "FSC 114" ], "FSS": [ "8", "R", "FSS 2;3 T;8 S;8 R;7", "FSS 206 R" ] } ], "background": "The invention pertains to the field of motion damping devices used with submerged marine instrumentation for damping instrumentation movement and displacement due to wave and water motion.\nIn underwater transducer and hydrophone installations, such as in a sonobuoy system for detecting submarine sounds and the like, the provision of a substantially stable platform for the hydrophone is of prime importance in order to reduce extraneous noises and signals and permit the most accurate sound pressure wave input characteristics.\nThe purpose of sonobuoy suspension systems is to attenuate the vertical motion imparted by surface wave action to a hydrophone platform as motion of the hydrophone due to surface wave action will result in the generation of spurious low frequency signals. The attenuation system itself must not produce low frequency lateral motion oscillation such as those commonly found in objects suspended in ocean currents resulting from periodic shedding of vortices in the flowing fluid.\nIn a free floating sonobuoy system it is also important that a high drag concentration in the vicinity of the hydrophone platform be produced to reduce the relative velocity of the flow past the hydrophone to minimize the magnitude of any occurring flow noise as well as reducing the frequency of the noise associated with boundry layer transition on the hydrophone surfaces. Additionally, the magnitude and frequency of any unavoidable motion associated with vortex shedding is simultaneously reduced.\nImproved transducer suspension systems have been achieved by the utilization of complaint members such as shown in the assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,615. Additionally, the utilization of specialized configurations in floating and buoy systems for stabilization purposes are known as shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,191,202, 3,500,783, 3,510,892 and 3,543,228. However, a damper assembly for use with submerged hydrophone assemblies wherein a mass damper of an effective construction capable of being concisely stored has not been previously successfully achieved." }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "RE0286729", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "5475732", "Application Type": "2", "Publication Level": "E", "Art unit": "353", "Application Filing Date": "19750206", "Title of Invention": "Pliable tape structure", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "25", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "1", "Assistant Examiner": null, "Primary Examiner": "Larkin; Geo. V.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "5", "Number of figures": "34", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "A flexible longitudinally continuous tape construction is disclosed for use in joining mating edges of juxtaposed members, the tape having an X-like configuration transversely of its length to provide legs adapted to receive and be secured to the edges of the members to be joined. The tape is capable of serving as a pliable hinge to permit articulation of the joined members, or it may also serve simply as a binding for joining members intended to be fixed relative to each other. The tape construction combines longitudinally continuous marginal web portions or carriers, forming the extremities of the legs of the X, with longitudinally spaced strand or equivalent connector means running crosswise of and interconnecting pairs of marginal web portions. The connector means intersect and interlock forming the axis of the X-like configuration.", "claims": { "STM": "What is claimed is:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. A flexible tape for joining mating edges of adjacent members,", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "2. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein at least some of said connector means join pairs of transversely opposite web portions.", "NUM_3": "3.", "PAR_3": "3. A flexible tape as defined in claim 2, wherein said carrier strip means extends continuously between adjacent legs in each of two opposite quadrants of the X-like configuration.", "NUM_4": "4.", "PAR_4": "4. A flexible tape as defined in claim .[.3.]. .Iadd.23, .Iaddend.wherein said adhesive is of the pressure-sensitive type and is confined to the outer margins of confronting faces of said carrier strip means, said tape further including temporary protective release strips covering said adhesive but peelable therefrom to expose said adhesive when said tape is applied to the members to be joined.", "NUM_5": "5.", "PAR_5": "5. A flexible tape as defined in claim 4, wherein the protective release strips overlap the inner margins of the adhesive to provide free tabs along such margins.", "NUM_6": "6.", "PAR_6": "6. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein said connector means are biased longitudinally of the tape axis.", "NUM_7": "7.", "PAR_7": "7. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein said connector means comprise alternately crossing flexible strands.", "NUM_8": "8.", "PAR_8": "8. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein said connector means comprise alternately crossing groups of strands.", "NUM_9": "9.", "PAR_9": "9. A flexible, continuous tape hinge for application along adjacent edges of members to be hingedly joined, said hinge have an X-like configuration in cross section and said hinge comprising", "NUM_10": "10.", "PAR_10": "10. A tape hinge as defined in claim 9, wherein the carrier strip portions are disposed in transversely opposed quadrants of the X-like configuration.", "NUM_11": "11.", "PAR_11": "11. A tape hinge as defined in claim 9, wherein the carrier strip portions in each quadrant are integrally joined along the hinge axis.", "NUM_12": "12.", "PAR_12": "12. A tape hinge as defined in claim 10, which further includes pressure-sensitive adhesive on the confronting faces of the legs of the X-like configuration in transversely related quadrants.", "PA1": "said tape having an X-like configuration in cross section and providing a longitudinally continuous structure adapted to extend along and be secured to the edges of the members to be joined so that the axis of said X-like configuration coincides generally with the juncture formed by the members to be joined, said tape comprising PA1 carrier strip means comprising pliable, longitudinally continuous, marginal web portions at the extremities of the legs of the X; and PA1 flexible, spaced, connector means running crosswise of and .[.being secured.]. .Iadd.bonded .Iaddend.to and interconnecting pairs of web portions, at least some of said connector means intersecting and crossing other connector means to form said X-like configuration .[...]. .Iadd., said flexible connector means in crossing between said web portions being free to shift relative to each other within the limits defined by their points of connection to the respective longitudinal web portions..Iaddend. PA1 carrier strip means of pliable sheet material running lengthwise of the hinge on transversely opposite sides of its axis; and PA1 flexible strands running crosswise of said axis and carrier strip means, each strand having its cross-axis ends secured to faces of opposed carrier strip portions, at least some of said strands intersecting and crossing over other of said strands to form the hinge axis at their intersection. PA1 said tape having an X-like configuration in crosssection and providing a longitudinally continuous structure adapted to extend along and be secured to the edges of members to be joined so that the axis of said X-like configuration coincides generally with the juncture formed by the members to be joined, said tape comprising PA1 pliable longitudinally continuous carrier .[.strips.]. .Iadd.means .Iaddend.forming the extremities of the legs of the X .[.in transversely opposite quadrants of the X.].; and PA1 flexible, spaced, connector means running crosswise of and interconnecting .[.marginal portions of.]. opposite carrier .[.strips.]. .Iadd.means, all of .Iaddend.said connector means intersecting and crossing .[.each other.]. alternately to .Iadd.join diagonally opposite carrier means and .Iaddend.form said X-like configuration. PA1 said tape having an X-like configuration in cross-section and providing a longitudinally continuous structure adapted to extend along and be secured to the edges of members to be joined so that the axis of said X-like configuration coincides generally with the juncture formed by the members to be joined, said tape comprising PA1 carrier strip means comprising pliable, longitudinally continuous, marginal web portions at the extremities of the legs of the X; PA1 flexible, spaced, connector means running crosswise of and being secured to and interconnecting pairs of web portions, at least some of said connector means intersecting and crossing other connector means to form said X-like configuration; and PA1 adhesive means disposed on confronting faces of said web portions in transversely opposite quadrants of the X for securing said faces to edges of the members to be joined..Iaddend. .Iadd. 26. A flexible tape for joining mating edges of adjacent members, PA1 said tape having an X-like configuration in cross-section and providing a longitudinally continuous structure adapted to extend along and be secured to the edges of the members to be joined so that the axis of said X-like configuration coincides generally with the juncture formed by the members to be joined, said tape comprising PA1 pliable, longitudinally continuous, film forming the extremities of the legs of the X; and PA1 flexible, spaced, connector means running cross-wise of and being joined to said film on both sides of the X axis, said connector means intersecting and crossing each other alternately to form said X-like configuration..Iaddend.", "NUM_13": "13.", "PAR_13": "13. A tape hinge as defined in claim 12, wherein said adhesive coating is located on confronting faces of said carrier strips.", "NUM_14": "14.", "PAR_14": "14. A tape hinge as defined in claim 12, which further includes flexible release strips covering said adhesive coating but peelable therefrom to expose said adhesive upon application of the hinge to members to be hingedly joined.", "NUM_15": "15.", "PAR_15": "15. A tape hinge as defined in claim 9, wherein each of said flexible strands running crosswise of said axis and carrier strip means has its cross-axis ends secured to faces of said carrier strip means over a substantial portion of the width thereof.", "NUM_16": "16.", "PAR_16": "16. A tape hinge as defined in claim 15, which further includes pressure-sensitive adhesive coating on at elast one tape face on each side of the hinge axis.", "NUM_17": "17.", "PAR_17": "17. A tape hinge as defined in claim 16, wherein said pressure-sensitive adhesive coating is disposed on confronting faces of the legs of the X-like configuration in transversely related quadrants, said tape further including flexible release strips covering said adhesive coating but peelable therefrom to expose said adhesive upon application of the hinge to members to be hingedly joined.", "NUM_18": "18.", "PAR_18": "18. A tape hinge as defined in claim 9, wherein the carrier strip portions are disposed in diametrically opposed quadrants of the X-like configuration and the strip portions in each quadrant are integrally joined along the hinge axis.", "NUM_19": "19.", "PAR_19": "19. A flexible tape for joining mating edges of adjacent members,", "NUM_20": "20.", "PAR_20": "20. A flexible tape as defined in claim 19, wherein said carrier .[.strips.]. .Iadd.means .Iaddend.are formed of stretchable sheet material.", "NUM_21": "21.", "PAR_21": "21. A flexible tape as defined in claim 20 wherein said carrier .[.strips.]. .Iadd.means .Iaddend.are formed of crepe paper.", "NUM_22": "22.", "PAR_22": "22. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein said carrier strip means are formed of stretchable sheet material.", "NUM_23": "23.", "PAR_23": "23. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, which further includes adhesive disposed on confronting faces of said web portions in transversely opposed quadrants of the X, for securing said faces to edges of the members to be joined. .[.24. A flexible tape as defined in claim 1, wherein said flexible connector means, in crossing between said web portions to which they are connected to form said X-like configuration, are free to shift relative to each other within the limits defined by their points of connection to the respective longitudinal web portions..]..Iadd. 25. A flexible tape for joining mating edges of adjacent members,", "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": "DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS", "PAR": "Tape structure 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 is composed of alternating runs of intersecting flexible strands 22 producing an X-configuration, and carrier strips 24 running lengthwise of the tape axis in transversely opposite quadrants of the X. Each of carrier strips 24 is folded lengthwise at 25 and extends continuously between adjacent legs in each of two opposite quadrants of the X. Each of strands 22 is secured at its opposite or cross-axis ends to margins of opposite carrier strips 24 by suitable adhesive. Collectively the strands in each opposite pair of legs of the X form a mat in conjunction with the associated carrier strips. In order to allow free intersection and lateral cross-over of the strands at the tape axis, the carrier strips are positioned to dispose their fold lines 25 slightly outwardly of the tape axis.", "PAR_2": "As will be more fully described presently, tape 20 is adapted to be applied along the mating edges of two members to be joined. To this end the edges of the members are received between adjacent tape legs in transversely opposite quadrants of the X-configuration, and adhesive is applied to the confronting faces of such legs to bond them to the margins or edges of the members. It is apparent that the members to be joined may be received in either of the two different sets of opposed quadrants of the tape. Where the members are received in the quadrants in which the carrier strips 24 are located, the carrier strips serve as barriers to prevent glue or other adhesive working into the axis of the tape. That is important where the tape is used as a hinged connection between members, since glue in the axis will impair the freedom of the hinging action of the connecting strands 22. Also the carrier strips serve in such case to prevent wear of the strands on a rough or sharp edge of the hinged member. In cases where the tape is employed simply for joining non-articulated members, these considerations are not so important; in fact it may even be of advantage to use the alternate set of quadrants so that direct glued contact of the strands 22 to the members being joined is obtained.", "PAR_3": "In the preferred construction shown in FIG. 1, hinge 20 is intended to be quite flexible so that it may be easily applied in a manner similar to that in which ordinary pressure-sensitive tape is applied to a surface. For that reason both the carrier strip 24 and the transverse strands 22 are of pliable material. Typically useful materials for the carrier strips include paper, more especially craft or crepe paper, woven textile webbing or light plastic film or tape. In fact various types of presently available commercial pressure-sensitive masking tape can conveniently be used for the carrier strip. Strands 22 may be multifilament textile threads or cords, natural or synthetic, as well as monofilament strands of organic or inorganic, e.g. metallic, material.", "PAR_4": "In FIGS. 2-4 a method is illustrated for handfabrication of tape of the type shown in FIG. 1. To this end there is provided a pair of elongated flat mandrels 34 suitably supported in edgewise spaced parallel relation. Cord 36 is wound about the mandrels in figure-8 manner to form the mat of strands 22 comprising the connector elements of the completed hinge. Pressure-sensitive tape is then applied over the cord on opposite faces of the mandrels to secure all of the courses or runs of the cord in fixed position relative to each other. A knife or other sharp instrument is then used to sever the terminal bends of each convolution of the cord where is passes around the outer edges of mandrels 34, cutting along plane c--c as shown in FIG. 3. The preliminary tape hinge assembly may then be easily slipped off the mandrels. The legs of the tape hinge are then folded into reverse relationship from that in which they are formed on the mandrels, to the position shown in FIG. 4, so that the margins of each strip 24 are placed in back-to-back relation.", "PAR_5": "Methods suitable for commerical production of the tape are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in which a plurality of mandrels 34 is employed and cord is woven continuously about these to build up a wide mat of any desired length. In FIG. 5, the opposite faces of this mat are then covered with sheets 36 of paper, cloth, plastic film or the like, which are glued or otherwise bonded to the cord. The finished mat is then cut by suitable slitting knives (not shown) advanced against and along the opposite faces of the mandrels, the knives being spaced on the center lines a--a of mandrels 34 to slit the composite mat lenthwise of the mandrels and form a plurality of separate ribbons or tapes. These are removed from the mandrels, as in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 illustrates a similar method of manufacture but in this case each mandrel 34 is first faced or wound with the material which will serve as the carrier strips, and then the cord is woven about the mandrels in figure-8 manner as before. Alternatively, the tape can be woven without the mandrels, using the carrier strips as the warp elements for the cross strands.", "PAR_6": "The tape hinge can be applied to the edges of the members to be joined using either set of diametrically opposed hinge quadrants for receiving and securing the members. Also various types of hinge arrangements can be accommodated. This is illustrated in FIGS. 7 through 12 of the drawings. In each of these illustrations the members to be joined are received in the tape quadrants which do not contain carrier strips 24. For some applications. this has an advantage, as can be seen by reference to FIG. 7. Any tendency of strands 22 to peel away from the surface of the hinged member A or B to which they are bonded is resisted by the interpositioning of the carrier strips 24. That is, strands 22 must cut through the interposed carrier strip if forces are applied to members A and B tending to separate them bodily.", "PAR_7": "In FIG. 8, hinge 20 connects a relatively thick member C to a flat surface D to permit swinging of member C through an arc of 90.degree.. In FIG. 9, member E is hinged to the flat surface D for swinging movement through an arc of 180.degree.. In this illustration, member E is relatively thin and the legs of hinge 20 are secured to it along opposite margins of the faces rather than along one edge and the adjacent face as is necessary with a thick member.", "PAR_8": "FIGS. 10 and 11 also illustrate rolling hinges, the one in FIG. 10 providing for 180.degree. arcuate movement between the hinged members F and G, while FIG. 11 illustrates a hinge permitting 360.degree. arc of movement for member I relative to member H. For this application, a centrally more open type of hinge is necessary. This can be readily provided simply by increasing the distance between the mandrels 34 in forming the hinge.", "PAR_9": "Further strengthening of the attachment of the hinge to the hinged members can be provided, as shown in FIG. 12, by applying and bonding overlying tapes 46 on one or both pairs of hinge legs.", "PAR_10": "For maximum strength in preventing separation of the hinged members at their limiting position of arcuate movement, a hinge structure such as that shown in FIG. 13 is useful. In this example, hinge 50 is generally similar to previously described hinge 20 except that some of the strands, while extending transversely of the hinge axis, do not cross laterally from one side to another in a given run of such strand; that is, such strands start and end on the same lateral side of the axis in that run. This is illustrated more particularly in FIG. 14 showing a method of constructing hinge 50 of FIG. 13. As before, a jig is used providing spaced mandrels 34, and a length of cord 36 is wrapped about the mandrels to form the strand runs. For clarity of illustration, the runs are shown in spread condition in the drawing but they would normally be closely spaced in actual practice. In this example, cord 36 is wound about the mandrels in alternate courses or runs, first with a figure-8 configuration in which strands 52 laterally cross the hinge axis intermediate the mandrels. In the next course the strands 54 are wound so as to pass completely around the outside of both mandrels without crossing between the mandrels. In other words, while strands 52 in transversly crossing the axis of the hinge move laterally from one side to the other of the mandrels, alternate strands 54 remain on the same lateral side of the mandrels.", "PAR_11": "In the resulting hinge construction illustrated in FIG. 13, (after applying carrier strips 24, cutting the terminal bends of the strands to release the hinge from the jig and applying the hinge to members A and B), each strand 54 extends directly across the hinge axis from one member to the other in the limiting position of the hinged members as shown. Such strands are thus in straight tension, providing maximum resistance to separation of the hinged members and to any tendency toward peeling of the intermediate strands 52 from margins of the hinged members. In the alternate limiting position of members A and B, strands 52 extend straight across the hinge axis and provide resistance to separation.", "PAR_12": "FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate a further modification of the preceding example. In this example hinge 60 .[.incorporporates.]. .Iadd.incorporates .Iaddend.an interlocking or overlapping of the strands at the hinge axis. This is accomplished by winding cord 36 about mandrels 34 with a twist at each run, forming a series of interlocking clove hitches as shown in FIG. 16. It will be noted from the drawing however that although each strand 62 or 64 in any given run from one mandrel 34 to the other is positioned on the same lateral side of both mandrels, the strand is laterally displaced intermediate the mandrels by intersection with and overlapping of the strand of the correspondingly opposite run on the other side of the mandrels. The hinge 60 which results thus puts on strand in straight tension, e.g. strand 64 in FIG. 15, in the hinged structure.", "PAR_13": "Another method of forming tape hinges of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18 wherein the cord used in forming the transverse strands is not cut or severed as in the previous examples. In both of these illustrations the carrier strips consist of pressure-sensitive tapes 72, 74 and the hinged structure is formed using two pairs of the tape strips in back-to-back relation, one pair on either side transversely of the hinge axis and each pair having the inner edges spaced from the other a distance sufficient to permit passage of the strands between the paired strips in passing from one lateral face to the other.", "PAR_14": "In forming this type of hinge structure, two separate lengths of cord 36 are required. In FIG. 17, the two lengths are interwoven or interlocked intermediate the loop portions 76, 78 which are adhered to the faces of the strips. In FIG. 18 the arrangement is essentially the same but does not embody interlocking of the two strands within each loop.", "PAR_15": "Multiple cords are used in forming tape 80 also, as seen in FIG. 19. This tape can be formed as described in connection with FIGS. 1-4, except that instead of using a single strand of cord to form the runs, a group 82 of parallel cords is woven about the mandrels. The number of cords in the group will determine the angle or bias of the group in respect to the axis of the X; the greater the number of cords, the greater the bias angle.", "PAR_16": "A similar arrangement is shown in FIG. 19A where again a plurality of cords is wound simultaneously as above, but in this case the cords .[.were.]. .Iadd.are .Iaddend.wound about a series of mandrels, as in FIG. 5. Depending on the width of the composite group of mandrels, each run of grouped cords 92 will cross the tape axis at little or no bias in connecting carriers 24. In place of the grouped cords, webbing or tape of various sorts can be used to provide equivalent connector means.", "PAR_17": "Attachment of the finished tape product to the members to be joined is facilitated by incorporating pressure-sensitive adhesive with the tape, as produced, so that it is self-containined ready for application as purchased. FIG. 20 illustrates such an arrangement. The basic tape structure is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, but in this case tape 120 includes bands of pressure-sensitive adhesive 102 extending lengthwise of the tape on confronting faces of the carrier strips 124 in opposite quadrants of the X. In the preferred construction, adhesive 102 does not extend into the center of carriers 124, but is confined to the margins of the tape. Temporary protection in the form of peel or release strips 104 are applied over the adhesive, the strips being made wider than the bands on adhesive so as to overlap at the inner edge and provide a convenient free tab 106 by which to start the peeling off of strips 104 when the tape is to be applied to members to joined.", "PAR_18": "In attaching the tape, one release strip is first completely stripped from one leg and that leg is pressed along an edge of the member to be joined. See FIG. 21. The adjacent leg of the tape is lifted to get access to free tab 106 of its release strip 104 which is then peeled back at 90.degree. to the tape axis. As this strip 104 is pulled, it releases next to the X axis first and then diagonally outwardly across the face of tape 120, pulling it firmly against the edge of the member to which it is being attached. This leg of the tape is simultaneously pressed into contact with the face of the member and the process is repeated in securing the other two legs of the tape to the opposite member.", "PAR_19": "The arrangement not only facilitates the attachment process, providing a smooth, tight surface contact between the tape and members but aids in getting alignment of the tape axis and the abutting edges of the members, even if there is some initial misalignment due to improper starting placement of the tape. By pulling the release strip in the manner discussed, the tape is made to lie straight and its natural axis is caused to conform closely with the edge of the member to which it is attached so as to produce a rigid axis in the finished structure. In speaking of \"natural axis\" above, this is intended to mean not so much the axis defined by the crossing strands in the tape as it exists before application to the edges of the numbers to be formed, but rather to that axis defined by the crossing strands as this is developed upon securing the tape to the members to be joined. The two conditions are identical in the case of a perfectly applied tape to prefectly straight, aligned edges of members to be joined. But such ideal condition seldom exists in practice, and it is one of the virtues of the novel tape that such perfect condition need not exist, because the tape will align itself to accommodate irregularity of the edge and/or inexact application to those edges, without resulting in a loose or wobbly hinged joint. This feature arises inherently from the tape construction wherein the flexible connector strands, in crossing between web portions to which their ends are connected, are free to shift relative to each other, within of course the limits of their points of connection to the longitudinal web portions.", "PAR_20": "Still another form of tape is shown in FIG. 22. Tape 220 is woven on a suitable loom to produce an integral structure in which weft threads 222 of the webbing form the cross-connectors for marginal or selvage portions produced by interweaving threads 222 with longitudinal or warp threads 223. Separate carrier members are accordingly not required in this arrangement. Selfsticking adhesive and protective peel strips can of course be incorporated in this form of tape, similar to that, described above. Tape 220 can be produced initially in multiple widths, as shown in FIG. 23, by a process similar to that described in connection with FIG. 5, but without using mandrels and slit on lines b--b to produce separate tapes.", "PAR_21": "Yet another form of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 24 and 25 where a continuous strip 302 of paper or sheet plastic is slit in sinusoidal manner along its longitudinal axis to produce complementary left and right strips or marginal portions 304, 306 having mutually projecting fingers 308. These strips are then pressed laterally together to cause them to intermesh, with the fingers 308 of one overlapping the respective marginal portion 304 or 306 of the other. An imperforate strip 310 is then applied to the intermeshed and overlapped first members 304, 306, and bonded by gluing or welding to the tips of the fingers of those members. Strip 310 is creased longitudinally, causing the free edges of the members to separate and form the X-like tape 320, as seen in FIG. 25.", "PAR_22": "FIGS. 26 and 27 show another tape structure 420 incorporating the invention. In this case two strips 402, 406 of suitable sheet stock are slit longitudinally along a central sinusoidal line to produce left and right marginal portions 401, 403 and 405, 407, all having teeth 408. Strips 402 and 406 are brought together in such manner that the teeth of one are out of phase, longitudinally of the tape, with those of the other so that the peaks of the teeth overlap. The overlapped peaks are glued or otherwise bonded together at 410, and the marginal portions separated to form the X-like configuration, as seen in cross-section in FIG. 27. Preferably the marginal halves of each strip 402, 406 are first laterally separated, as seen on enlarged scale in FIG. 28, before the overlapping teeth 408 are bonded together. This provides more freedom and reduces binding along the axis of the tape. Again, the marginal web portions may have a band of self-sticking adhesive 412, by which to secure the tape to the edges of the members to be joined, in which case a release or peel strip 414 is provided to protect the adhesion areas until the tape is to be used.", "PAR_23": "In FIGS. 29 to 31, a tape 520 is formed by joining two strips 502, 504 by welding or gluing along a central portion or band 506, and then cutting a series of slots 508 across band 506, spaced longitudinally along the tape. Next, each strip 502, 504 is slit at 510, 512, respectively, longitudinally between slots 508 at alternate ends of adjacent slots. Slits 510, 512 are also alternated in the confronting strips 502, 504 along the tape so as not to coincide at any point. Separating the legs or marginal portions of strips 502, 504 results in an X-shaped tape section, as shown in FIGS. 30 and 31.", "PAR_24": "Application of tape to curved edges of members is illustrated in FIGS. 32 and 33. In FIG. 32 a semiflexible member 602 has a curved edge 604 which is to be joined to a similar curved edge of panel member 606 (see FIG. 33). Tape 620 of the construction shown in FIG. 20 is used but to facilitate obtaining a smooth fit of the tape to the curved edge, the carrier strip members 624 of tape 620 are preferably formed of crepe paper to permit some stretching of the tape during application. When the free edges of members 602 are separated, after curved edges 604 are joined, a geodesic structure is obtained as seen in FIG. 33. Any slight longitudinal accommodation necessary along curved edge 604 as the structure is .[.foRmed.]. .Iadd.formed .Iaddend.is readily permitted by the elasticity of tape 620. FIG. 33 also illustrates the use of light weight, low cost laminated, foamed or .[.honey combed.]. .Iadd.honeycombed .Iaddend.core/stressed skin panels to form geometric structures, where the panels will not resist highly localized loads imposed by the use of rivets or screws as fastening means. Ordinary flat tape if used in such a construction may overcome the problem of localized attachment stress, but is .[.partIcularly.]. .Iadd.particularly .Iaddend.vulnerable to peeling forces in the situation here illustrated.", "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "1. Field of the Invention", "PAR": "This invention pertains to continuous length, pliable tape structures useful in joining mating edges of adjacent members for making rigid or hinged connection between such members.", "PAR_2": "The limiting strength of conventional hinged or jointed structures utilizing sheet or panel members to form the structure is the ability of such members to carry localized stresses at points of attachment. There has accordingly existed for some time a need for better means of joining the edges of materials having relatively low resistance to localized loading stresses, such as the imposed by rivets screws, spot welding and the like. Sheet or panel materials which are particularly involved include formed plastic sheet, foamed .[.core/stressed.]..Iadd.core-stressed.Iaddend.skin laminates, corrugated board, chipboard, felt laminates and similar light weight, low cost but easily rupturable stock which is commonly used in fabricating containers or other vessels, display structures, protective table pads, folio covers, etc.", "PAR_3": "Various tape constructions for joining mating edges of such materials have been advanced heretofore. A common arrangement is illustrated in Pats. Nos. 589,504, 1,260,197, 1,833,469 and 3,035,752 where the junction is formed by fabric or paper strips or tabs which are simply glued to the faces of the members to be joined. One particular difficulty with these arrangements is their poor resistance to peeling of the tabs from the faces of the joined members when forces are applied tending to move the members bodily relative to each other. Another form is illustrated in U.S. Pats. Nos. Re. 18,204, 1,998,036, 2,025,926, and 3,442,415. This form of joint-forming tape is characterized generally by the employment of two, coextending tapes which are stitched together along their center lines to form an X-like configuration in cross section. The legs of the X are then glued or otherwise secured to the margins of the members to be joined. This represents an improvement over flat tape but the stitching, falling as it must at the axis of the hinge, weakens the structure at its most critical location. Still another approach used for hingedly joining members is represented by the constructions shown in Pats. Nos. 46,071, 570,365 and 2,219,524. The arrangements there shown are not longitudinally continuous of the joined edges, so that a plurality of separate hinges must be used; and their attachment to the members to be joined presents problems. Molded plastic hinges of the type illustrated in Pats. Nos. 3,202,310 and 3,301,430 are designed to provide a continuous joint along the mating edges, but here again a problem is encountered in providing suitable means for securing such joint-forming constructions to the panel members.", "PAR_4": "The present invention provides a pliable tape structure which can be manufactured in continuous lengths and easily cut to any desired length for application to the members to be joined, much the same as ordinary pressure-sensitive tape is applied to a surface but which avoids the short-comings of prior tape arrangements discussed above. The novel tape structure is designed to take advantage of the highest tensile strength-to-weight ratio of any material form, namely that of the filament. The invention applies this high strength property to hinges or joint-forming tape without creating localized stress points in the resulting structure, as the tape configuration puts the entire attachment area (glue or other bonding agent) in shear only and eliminates peel forces.", "PAR_5": "As mentioned, the novel tape may serve to join both articulated and non-articulated members and one of the principal objectives of the invention is to provide a hinge or joint-forming tape structure which affords uniform distribution of attachment stress over as large an area as practical of the members which it is desired to join, thereby avoiding localized or concentrated stresses at points of attachment, while minimizing susceptibility to peeling. In this way, advantage can be taken of materials of low cost but stress-oriented nature, such as paperboard, expanded or foamed plastic, etc., for use as basic structural members, without the need and attendant expense of special reinforcement or auxiliary construction at the point of attachment. The invention makes possible better application of maximum material properties to achieve great strength-to-weight ratios in joined structures.", "PAC_2": "2. Prior Art Background", "PAR_6": "Other objectives include greater ease of application of the tape to members to be joined, and provision for specialized engineering applications, such as that involved in rolling hinges or in hingedly joining members whose mating edges are curved.", "PAR_7": "Use of the novel tapes for purposes other than hinging applications is of advantage where members to be secured together are subjected to loading or other forces tending to shift one member bodily relative to the other. The invention enables loadbearing structures such as display stands, mock-ups of prototype equipment, cartons or containers of various configurations, to be made of relatively low strength sheet stock. By joining members or sections of these devices with tape of the design herein disclosed, the inadequacy in peel strength of conventional pressure-sensitive adhesive or mending tape is largely overcome.", "PAR_8": "In accordance with the teaching herein, engineering advantage is taken of inherent tensile strength in pliable fabric, strand or sheet materials, when used in the tape configurations disclosed, to form continuous length tape structures which are easily applied to the members to be joined, and which distribute the attachment stresses uniformly over the adjacent edges of joined members, thereby reducing the chance for failure of the materials at such locations.", "PAR_9": "Briefly, the tape structures of the invention are comprised generally of two essential sets of elements. One set of elements consists of pliable strands, or equivalent connector means, disposed to run transversely of the joint to be formed. The other set of elements consists of pliable web portions or carriers disposed to run longitudinally of the joint to be formed. Each transverse strand or connector element interconnects two of the longitudinal web portions and serve to support load stresses purely in tension, i.e. the maximum strength property of the strand. At least some of the cross strands alternate with .[.the.]. .Iadd.and .Iaddend.intersect other such strands along the axis of the tape, forming an X-like configuration in cross-section of the tape. Adhesive is applied to the confronting faces of legs in two transversely oriented quadrants of the X for bonding the tape to the margins of the members to be joined, whereby the margins are clamped between adjacent legs in quadrants of the X-like tape on opposite sides of the tape axis.", "PAR_10": "Various embodiments of this basic combination and modifications thereof are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and are described hereinafter.", "PAC_3": "SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION", "TBL": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Wakeman; Alfred W.", "City": "Durham", "State": "CT", "Street": "Madison Road", "Zip code": "06422", "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "St. Onge Mayers Steward & Reens", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "1843170", "Issue date": "19320200", "Patentee name": "Meldrim", "US classification": "16150", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2611659", "Issue date": "19520900", "Patentee name": "Hadley", "US classification": "16150", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3279473", "Issue date": "19691000", "Patentee name": "Toman", "US classification": "16150", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3442415", "Issue date": "19690500", "Patentee name": "Glass", "US classification": "16150", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3851353", "Issue date": "19741200", "Patentee name": "Wakeman", "US classification": "16150", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "16150" ], "XCL": [ "281", "375" ], "EDF": [ "2" ], "ICL": [ "E05D", "700" ], "FSC": [ "16", "FSC 220", "FSC 229", "FSC 248", "FSC 281" ], "FSS": [ "150", "FSS 30;32", "FSS 44", "FSS 205 A", "FSS 37.5;40;41;21 R;22" ] } ], "background": null }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "RE0286737", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "5479657", "Application Type": "2", "Publication Level": "E", "Art unit": "324", "Application Filing Date": "19750207", "Title of Invention": "Method of preserving perishable products", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "2", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "1", "Assistant Examiner": null, "Primary Examiner": "McGehee; Travis S.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "2", "Number of figures": "5", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "The method of packaging perishable products in a container and insuring preservation of the products while in the container, which method consists in permanently sealing the opening of the container after the product is packaged thereafter forcing an inert fluid to expel the air from the container through a port entry and exhaust, then sealing the port entry and exhaust while in the process of purging, thus trapping the inert fluid in the container.", "claims": { "STM": "Having described my invention, I now claim:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. Those steps in the method of preserving a perishable product in a container .[.formed of impermeable material.]. having a product opening, an inlet tube for conveying a purging fluid to the container, and an outlet tube for withdrawing air from the container, the steps in the method comprising:", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "2. The steps in the method as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the tubes are formed of plastic that, when cut with a hot scissor, is sealed closed; and further characterized in that the step of sealing the tubes closed is by severing the tubes with a hot scissor.", "NUM_3": null, "PAR_3": null, "NUM_4": null, "PAR_4": null, "NUM_5": null, "PAR_5": null, "NUM_6": null, "PAR_6": null, "NUM_7": null, "PAR_7": null, "NUM_8": null, "PAR_8": null, "NUM_9": null, "PAR_9": null, "NUM_10": null, "PAR_10": null, "NUM_11": null, "PAR_11": null, "NUM_12": null, "PAR_12": null, "PA1": "(A) inserting the product into the container through the product opening; PA1 (B) thereafter permanently sealing the product opening; PA1 (C) thereafter purging the interior of the container by forcing an inert fluid into the container through said inlet tube and forcing air from the container through said outlet tube; PA1 (D) placing the container in a carton having more stability than the container; PA1 (E) extending the tubes to the exterior of the carton; PA1 (F) thereafter, and while the container is still pressurized with inert fluid, permanently sealing the tubes closed.", "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": "DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS", "PAR": "Referring more in detail to the drawings, and particularly to FIG. 1, the package includes an inherently stable carton 11. The carton 11 is preferably of the conventional cardboard crating type and includes closing flaps 12 extending upwardly from the sides thereof. The carton 11 includes an inlet opening 13 juxtaposed one side and the top and an outlet opening 15 juxtaposed the opposite side and the bottom on the same side of the carton.", "PAR_2": "A flexible, plastic .[., i.e. impermeable.]. container 17 is disposed in the carton 11. The container 17 includes one side unsealed 18 forming an opening 19 for accepting perishable products such as fruits, vegetables, meats and flowers, apples 21, being illustrative. Plastic tubes 23 and 25 are affixed to the flexible plastic and extend from the container. The tubes 23 and 25 are alignable with and extend through the inlet and outlet openings, 13 and 14, respectively, and are supported by the walls forming the openings of the container.", "PAR_3": "Referring now to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the carton 11 is of the same general configuration as that shown in FIG. 1, except there are no flaps 12. Rather, a cover 29 is provided for covering the container 17 receiving opening formed by the walls of the carton 11. The cover 29 is shown in broken lines, removed from the carton 11. The cover 29 includes walls 33 that surround the walls of the carton 11 and is adapted to be slidably extended thereover. One wall of the cover 29 includes slots 35 and 37 for accepting the tubes 23 and 25, respectively. Thus, the cover 29 can be slipped over the carton 11 and secured into covering position with the tubes 23 and 25 extending therethrough and accessible to be connected and sealed.", "PAR_4": "Shipping cartons 11 of the type depicted in FIG. 1, are generally supplied to the packager in a collapsed form. Thus, when it is desirable to package the products 21 for shipping or storage, the carton 11 is erected as shown in FIG. 2. The container 17 is then placed in the carton through the top opening and the tubes 23 and 25 are extended through the inlet and outlet openings 13 and 15, respectively. The produce, herein shown at 21, is then inserted through the opening 19 in the container and the opening is sealed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the envelope 17 is plastic and the opening 19 is sealed by pressing the film 18, forming the opening 19, together with conventional heat sealing mechanism. The flaps of carton 12 are then closed and taped in a conventional manner.", "PAR_5": "Any suitable method can be employed for removing the air from the container and substituting an inert gas. I prefer to connect a hose (not shown) to a supply of inert gas, such as argon or nitrogen, and to the tube 23. The inert gas is then released into the container 17 through the tube 23 and the inert gas expels the air through the outlet tube 25.", "PAR_6": "It is noted that the inlet tube 23-outlet tube 25 arrangement depicted, effects a very effective flow pattern. The flow pattern is depicted in FIG. 2 by arrows. The incoming gas enters the container 17 from the front and is propelled generally along and parallel to the side nearest the inlet tube 23. When the gas reaches the back wall of the container 17, it is deflected inwardly from the side and passes generally along the back wall until it reaches the side nearest the outlet tube 25. The gas is again deflected and is directed back toward the front of the container 17 and will be forced downwardly to pass out the outlet tube 25. Thus, flow is assured throughout the container 17 and no air pockets will be left uncirculated when the purge is completed.", "PAR_7": "The inert gas purge is continued for a time sufficient to drive essentially all of the air out of the container 17. When the desired level of inert atmosphere is reached, approximately 99.8% the purge is discontinued and while the container 17 is still pressurized, the tubes 23 and 25 are sealed. Sealing is preferably effected by cutting of the plastic tubes 23 and 25 with hot scissors, thereby severing and sealing the tube simultaneously. Since both tubes 23 and 25 extend from the same side of the container 11, they are readily accessible to the worker during the packaging.", "PAR_8": "The remaining portions of the tubes 23 and 25 are then preferably tucked back into the carton 11. If desirable, the openings 13 and 15 may then be covered in any conventional manner. The packaged produce 21 is then ready for shipment and is maintained in an inert atmosphere. Spoilage and decaying of the produce is obviated since essentially all the oxygen has been purged from the container 17 and photosynthesis is suspended. Pressurization of the envelope 17 is preferred since if the oxygen were expelled and a vacuum left in the container, there would be greater danger of oxygen seepage into the container. The lack of oxygen will cause any animal life included in the container 17 to quickly suffocate and the produce 21 will be protected from insect damage.", "PAR_9": "The above described method is preferred since it is generally much more economical to force a purge through the container 17 to purge the air therefrom, rather than to evacuate the air by vacuum. However, if it were desirable to evacuate the air by pulling a vacuum, only one tube, as for instance 23, would be necessary. The air could be evacuated from the container 17 through the tube 23 and the container 17 could then be pressurized by pumping the inert gas in through the tube 23. The tube 23 would then be sealed in the manner described above.", "PAR_10": "Referring now to packaging the produce 21, in the package embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the same general procedure, as that first described, is followed, except that, rather than closing the flaps 12, the cover 29 is slid into position and secured, as by taping. The container 17 is then purged and the tubes 23 and 25 sealed as described above.", "PAR_11": "From the foregoing it will be apparent that the method herein described, provides simple, effective and economical means of packaging perishable produce, meats and flowers.", "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION", "PAR": "(1) Field of the invention", "PAR_2": "The invention is directed to the method of packaging and preserving perishable products after being packaged by purging the package of air after the perishable product is packaged and substituting an inert fluid for the air.", "PAR_3": "(2) Description of the prior art", "PAR_4": "Applicant is not aware of prior art directed to the method herein disclosed.", "PAR_5": "The method comprises the placing of the perishable product through product inlet opening. Then that opening is sealed closed. Thereafter the air is purged from the package by forcing inert fluid through the package, the package having fluid inlet and outlet openings. During the purging, the fluid inlet and outlet openings are sealed to entrap the purging fluid.", "PAC_2": "SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION", "PAR_6": "Other features and the advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings wherein preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated.", "PAR_7": null, "PAR_8": null, "PAR_9": null, "PAR_10": null, "PAC_3": null, "TBL": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Esty; Joseph J.", "City": "San Diego", "State": "CA", "Street": null, "Zip code": null, "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [ { "inventor name": "U. C. San Diego Foundation", "City": "La Jolla", "State": "CA", "Assignee type code": "02", "Country": null, "Assignee descriptive text": null } ], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Harris, Kern, Wallen & Tinsley", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "2242686", "Issue date": "19410500", "Patentee name": "Tirrell", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "53 7", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2814382", "Issue date": "19571100", "Patentee name": "Lassiter", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "53 22B", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3313084", "Issue date": "19670400", "Patentee name": "Forman", "US classification": "53 22B", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "53", "22B" ], "XCL": [ "53", "7" ], "EDF": [ "2" ], "ICL": [ "B65B", "3104" ], "FSC": [ "53" ], "FSS": [ "7;22", "B" ] } ], "background": "(1) Field of the invention\nThe invention is directed to the method of packaging and preserving perishable products after being packaged by purging the package of air after the perishable product is packaged and substituting an inert fluid for the air.\n(2) Description of the prior art\nApplicant is not aware of prior art directed to the method herein disclosed." }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "RE0286745", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "405766&", "Application Type": "2", "Publication Level": "E", "Art unit": "335", "Application Filing Date": "19731012", "Title of Invention": "Catamenial device", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "17", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "1", "Assistant Examiner": null, "Primary Examiner": "Medbery; Aldrich F.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "1", "Number of figures": "2", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "An improvement in a tampon for absorbing menstrual fluids in which a capillary wick of non-absorbing material extends into the interior body of the tampon. The wick acts as a capillary transport to carry fluids to the core of the tampon body, thus using the absorptive capacity of the unexposed cotton.", "claims": { "STM": "I claim:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. A rolled cylindrical tampon .Iadd.having means for conducting body fluid to the interior thereof, said tampon .Iaddend.comprising a first sheet of absorbent material, .Iadd.and .Iaddend.a second sheet of .[.non-absorbtive.]. .Iadd.relatively non-absorbent wick-like .Iaddend.synthetic woven material superimposed on one face of said first sheet and extending beyond at least one edge of said first sheet.Iadd., said first and second sheets being rolled into a cylinder having its outer cylindrical surface formed by a portion of said first sheet and having the non-extending portion of said second sheet disposed entirely within said outer surface, .Iaddend. .[.whereby.]. .Iadd.so that .Iaddend.upon rolling said .[.sheet.]. .Iadd.sheets .Iaddend.into a cylinder said second sheet .[.will act as.]. .Iadd.forms .Iaddend.a spiral wick to the interior of said cylinder. .Iadd. 2. In an intravaginal tampon, the combination of first means for absorbing menstrual fluid and having an outer body of material absorbent to such fluid and with top and bottom ends, and second means for transporting menstrual fluid from said top end of said tampon body directly into the interior of said body, said second means comprising a relatively non-absorptive wick element disposed within and in contact with the interior of said outer body and extending from said top end thereof. .Iaddend..Iadd. 3. In a tampon as defined in claim 2, the further improvement wherein said wick element is constructed of a material substantially nonabsorbent to such menstrual fluid. .Iaddend..Iadd. 4. In a tampon as defined in claim 3, the further improvement wherein said wick element is structured to pass menstrual fluid therethrough by capillary action. .Iaddend..Iadd. 5. In a tampon as defined in claim 4, the further improvement in which said wick element is a woven synthetic material having interstices which form capillary avenues for transportation of such menstrual fluid. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 6. In a tampon as defined in claim 2, the further improvement wherein said wick element protrudes beyond said body of absorbent material at said top end thereof. .Iaddend..Iadd. 7. In a tampon as defined in claim 6, the further improvement wherein said wick element is constructed of a material substantially nonabsorbent to such menstrual fluid. .Iaddend..Iadd. 8. In a tampon as defined in claim 7, the further improvement wherein said wick element is structured to pass menstrual fluid therethrough by capillary action. .Iaddend..Iadd. 9. In a tampon as defined in claim 8, the further improvement in which said wick element is a woven synthetic material having interstices which form capillary avenues for transportation of such menstrual fluid. .Iaddend..Iadd. 10. In a tampon as defined in claim 2, the further improvement wherein said wick element extends within the interior of said body from the top end thereof in the direction toward, but only part of the distance to, the bottom end thereof. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 11. An intravaginal catamenial tampon comprising", "NUM_2": null, "PAR_2": null, "NUM_3": null, "PAR_3": null, "NUM_4": null, "PAR_4": null, "NUM_5": null, "PAR_5": null, "NUM_6": null, "PAR_6": null, "NUM_7": null, "PAR_7": null, "NUM_8": null, "PAR_8": null, "NUM_9": null, "PAR_9": null, "NUM_10": null, "PAR_10": null, "NUM_11": null, "PAR_11": null, "NUM_12": null, "PAR_12": null, "PA1": "A. an outer member including a body of material absorbent to menstrual fluids, and having opposed top and bottom ends and outside surfaces therebetween, and PA1 B. an inner member including a relatively nonabsorbent fluid-transporting element for carrying menstrual fluids to the interior of said body from said top end thereof, said transporting element being in contact with said body and disposed within the interior of said body from said outside surfaces and extending from only the top end thereof. .Iaddend..Iadd. 12. A tampon as defined in claim 11 further characterized in that said transporting element is of a material substantially nonabsorbent to such menstrual fluids and is structured for transporting such fluid therethrough by capillary action. .Iaddend..Iadd. 13. A tampon according to claim 12 further characterized in that said transporting element is woven of synthetic material and has interstices which form capillary menstrual fluid-transporting avenues. .Iaddend. .Iadd. 14. A tampon according to claim 11 further characterized in that said transporting element protrudes beyond said body of absorbent material at said top end thereof. .Iaddend..Iadd. 15. A tampon as defined in claim 14, further characterized in that said transporting element is of a material substantially nonabsorbent to such menstrual fluids and is structured for transporting such fluid therethrough by capillary action. .Iaddend..Iadd. 16. A tampon according to claim 15 further characterized in that said transporting element is woven of synthetic material and has interstices which form capillary menstrual fluid-transporting avenues. .Iaddend..Iadd. 17. A tampon according to claim 11 further characterized in that said transporting element extends within the interior of said body from the top end thereof in the direction toward, but only part of the distance to, the bottom thereof. .Iaddend.", "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": null, "PAR": "Referring now more particularly to the drawing, a block of cotton is provided in accordance with present practice. A removal cord 6 is stitched to the cotton mass on the back side (as shown). The front side may be called the thread side. The thread side is the surface which becomes the interior portion of the cylinder of FIG. 2.", "PAR_2": "To the thread side of the cotton I affix by stitching a capillary wick 7. It will be appreciated that this device is mass produced; the thread stitching, the cord 6 and the wick 7 are all affixed to the cotton mass by suitable machinery in one pass. The wick 7 is preferably made of a non-absorbing synthetic material which is porous; the interstices form capillary avenues through which fluids are transported. The wick 7 is flexible (as a fabric) and I have found a wide variety of substances in the nylon or rayon class to be effective. Certain fiber glass woven materials may also be used. The important point is that the wick itself does not become saturated by absorption, but continues to act as a capillary transport delivering fluid to the interior cotton, where it is absorbed and retained.", "PAR_3": "The wick 7 is positioned to extend beyond what will be the top end of the tampon, while the bottom end stops before the lower edge of the cotton block as shown.", "PAR_4": "When compressed, the completed tampon 8 is shown in FIG. 2. The wick 7 extends in the order of one-fourth of an inch or so from the top end of the tampon 8 and leads into the interior of the cotton cylinder.", "PAR_5": "In use, the menstrual fluids are not only absorbed by the surface cotton as is now the case, but they migrate from the top by capillary action through the wick 7 into those interior portions of the cotton that heretofore have remained dry. Thus the effective capacity of the tampons now in general use is greatly increased.", "PAR_6": "While I have shown a particular embodiment of my invention for purposes of illustration, it will be appreciated that the inventive concept can easily be applied to any of a variety of tampons now on the market. For example, the cotton block 5 may be in a wide range of dimensions. In some cases the mass is rolled to form the final cylindrical shape, in which case alternate layers of wick and cotton are formed along a radial line of the cylinder. I have shown a method of construction easily adapted to present production techniques. However, the wick material could be introduced between two layers of cotton, to make a \"sandwich\" which could then be either rolled or crushed into final form. The particular method of assembly may be chosen to suit the machinery which it is desired to use. I therefore include all variations as will occur to persons skilled in the art which are within the spirit and scope of the following claims:", "PAR_7": null, "PAR_8": null, "PAR_9": null, "PAR_10": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": null, "PAR": "My invention relates to intravaginal catamenial devices and relates more particularly to an improvement in such devices whereby they are made much more effective as absorbing mediums for menstrual fluids.", "PAR_2": "Devices in common use today come in a number of variants. However, they all essentially comprise a compressed cylinder of cotton. The cotton is preferably highly absorbent, but must be densely packed for efficient use. The cotton cylinder is usually contained in a rigid plastic applicator tube, although the structural integrity of the cylindrical shape is dependent on the compressing process, and not upon said tube.", "PAR_3": "When inserted in the vaginal cavity, a cord (stitched to the cotton) extends therefrom, and provides the means for removal after use. Appearance of menstrual blood on the cord is an indication to the user that no further effective absorption can be expected from the device. The need for its removal and replacement is thus indicated.", "PAR_4": "I have found that a significant portion of the absorptive capacity of the cotton is never used. After the top end of the dense cotton cylinder has been wetted, the fluids run down along the outside surface of the cylinder. The cotton, of course, absorbs the fluids, but it is only the surface cotton (and then only to a limited depth) that is actually effective. A significant portion of the cotton at the core of the cylinder (as much as 40 percent to 60 percent) remains dry. This is for two basic reasons: the cotton is densely packed; also once the surface is wet, the cotton is a poor conducting medium for any further transfer of fluid to the center. At this point, the indication for removal appears and the device, only partially used, must be discarded.", "PAR_5": "I solve this problem by adding a transporting element to carry menstrual fluids to the interior of the cotton cylinder whereby 90 percent or more of the cotton is effectively used, thus significantly extending the life of each replacement.", "PAC_2": null, "PAR_6": null, "PAR_7": null, "PAR_8": null, "PAR_9": null, "PAR_10": null, "PAC_3": null, "TBL": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Guyette; Linda S.", "City": "Rutland", "State": "VT", "Street": "35 Summer St.", "Zip code": "05701", "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Kenway & Jenney", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "1222825", "Issue date": "19170400", "Patentee name": "Walter", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "128285", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1401358", "Issue date": "19211200", "Patentee name": "Peterkin", "US classification": "128270", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1887526", "Issue date": "19321100", "Patentee name": "Spielberg et al.", "US classification": "128270", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3085574", "Issue date": "19630400", "Patentee name": "Penska", "US classification": "128263", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "128285" ], "XCL": [ "128270" ], "EDF": null, "ICL": [ "A61f", "1320" ], "FSC": [ "128" ], "FSS": [ "270;285;296;263" ] } ], "background": null }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "RE0286753", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "491922&", "Application Type": "2", "Publication Level": "E", "Art unit": "316", "Application Filing Date": "19740725", "Title of Invention": "Removable vehicle chassis sub-frame with engine", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "10", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "9", "Assistant Examiner": "Siemens; Terrance L.", "Primary Examiner": "Schonberg; David", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "6", "Number of figures": "15", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "A heavy duty motor vehicle has a main frame with a forward axle and steerable ground wheels. A power unit sub-frame carrying a rear axle is releasably secured to the main frame, and includes an engine assembly which is located at an intermediate position between the axles. The unit may also include a fifth wheel assembly whereby it becomes a towing vehicle for a further trailer unit or units.", "claims": { "STM": "I claim:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. In a motor vehicle:", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "2. The invention of claim 1, wherein:", "NUM_3": "3.", "PAR_3": "3. The invention of claim 1, and:", "NUM_4": "4.", "PAR_4": "4. The invention of claim 1, and:", "NUM_5": "5.", "PAR_5": "5. In a vehicle:", "NUM_6": "6.", "PAR_6": "6. The invention of claim 5, wherein:", "NUM_7": "7.", "PAR_7": "7. The invention of claim 5, and:", "NUM_8": "8.", "PAR_8": "8. The invention of claim 5, and:", "NUM_9": null, "PAR_9": ".Iaddend..Iadd. 10. In a vehicle:", "NUM_10": null, "PAR_10": null, "NUM_11": null, "PAR_11": null, "NUM_12": null, "PAR_12": null, "PA1": "a frame having frame side elements and cross elements, including at least one fixed intermediate cross element, connecting the side elements; PA1 a cab mounted to the frame; PA1 a fifth wheel mounted to the frame rearwardly of the cab for connection to a trailer that overhangs the frame rearwardly of the cab; PA1 a front axle having steerable ground wheels thereon; PA1 front suspension air bag means for the front axle interposed between the front axle and the side elements; PA1 a power unit comprising a power unit sub-frame including a transverse forward rod and side rods fixed to and extending rearwardly of the forward rod below the side elements, the side rods having rearward distal ends; PA1 a single hitch means, located rearwardly of the front axle, releasably connecting the center of the forward rod to the center of the intermediate cross element; PA1 a rear axle assembly, having ground wheels and having a differential assembly, secured to the distal ends of the side rods; PA1 rear suspension means interposed between the side rods and the side elements proximate to the rear axle assembly; PA1 means securing the rear suspension means to the side rods and the side elements including releasable securing means securing the rear suspension means to at least one of the side rods and the side elements; PA1 engine mounting means extending between the side rods between the hitch means and the rear axle assembly; and PA1 an engine assembly, including an engine, secured on said mounting means and located between the hitch means and the rear axle assembly. PA1 the rear suspension means comprises a series of air bags. PA1 a stabilizer rod releasably secured between the differential assembly and the frame. PA1 a stabilizer rod secured between the frame and the front suspension means. PA1 a frame having side elements; PA1 a front axle, having steerable ground wheels thereon, secured to forwardly projecting frame pivot arms, the frame pivot arms being pivotally secured at their front ends to the frame side elements; PA1 yieldable suspension means mounted between the pivot arms and the frame side elements; PA1 hitch means spanning the frame side elements rearwardly of the front axle; PA1 a power unit, including a sub-frame having hitch connection means, releasably engaged with and extending rearwardly of the hitch means; PA1 a rear axle, having ground wheels, secured to the sub-frame rearwardly of the hitch means; PA1 yieldable suspension means releasably interposed between the sub-frame and the main frame; and PA1 an engine assembly mounted to the sub-frame between the hitch means and the rear axle. PA1 the yieldable suspension means comprise air bags. PA1 a power train assembly operatively mounted on the sub-frame. PA1 a longitudinally movable fifth wheel assembly on the main frame. .Iadd. 9. In a motor vehicle: PA1 a frame having side frame elements and cross elements connecting the side elements; PA1 a cab mounted to the frame; PA1 a fifth wheel mounted to the frame rearwardly of the cab for connection to a trailer that overhangs the frame rearwardly of the cab; PA1 a front axle having steerable ground wheels thereon; PA1 yieldable front suspension means for the front axle disposed between the front axle and the side elements; PA1 a rear axle assembly, having ground wheels thereon and having a differential assembly; PA1 hitch means located between the front and rear axles; PA1 a power unit comprising a power unit sub-frame including side rods extending rearwardly of the hitch means below the side elements, the side rods having forward ends and rearward distal ends, and the rear axle assembly being secured to the distal ends of the side rods; PA1 the side rods being releasably connected by the hitch means with the side frame elements; PA1 rear suspension means disposed between the side rods and the side elements proximate to the rear axle assembly; PA1 means securing the rear suspension means to the side rods and the side elements including releasable securing means securing the rear suspension means to at least one of the side rods and the side elements; PA1 engine mounting means extending between the side rods between the hitch means and the rear axle assembly; and PA1 an engine assembly, including an engine, secured to the engine mounting means and located between the hitch means and the rear axle assembly. PA1 a frame having side elements; PA1 a front axle, having steerable ground wheels thereon, secured to forwardly projecting frame pivot arms, the frame pivot arms being pivotally secured at their front ends to the frame side elements; PA1 yieldable suspension means mounted between the pivot arms and the frame side elements; PA1 a rear axle having ground wheels thereon; PA1 hitch means on the frame side elements located between the front and rear axles; PA1 a power unit, including a sub-frame having hitch connection means, releasably engaged with and extending rearwardly of the hitch means, the rear axle being secured to the sub-frame rearwardly of the hitch means; PA1 yieldable suspension means releasably disposed between the sub-frame and the main frame; and PA1 an engine assembly mounted to the sub-frame between the hitch means and the rear axle. .Iaddend.", "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": "DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT", "PAR": "Referring to the drawings in more detail, in FIGS. 1 and 4, a representative embodiment of the invention is shown and is generally designated by reference character 20. The particular design of the cab 22 and other elements of superstructure is without significance to the invention and that illustrated is offered by way of example only. The unit 20 however, comprises a main frame 24 including elongated side frame elements 26 and 28 of conventional channel form. For purposes of reference herein, the frame includes a forward end 30, and a rear end 32.", "PAR_2": "Frame cross elements are provided at convenient locations, and include a forward cross element 34, and a similar rear cross element 36. Each cross element is formed of channel stock and each is reinforced at its ends by a gusset plate 38.", "PAR_3": "In FIGS. 5 and 6, a forward axle mounting and assembly is shown. The axle 40 includes an integral top member 42, and has end portions 44, 46, connected, by conventional means not shown, to steerable front ground wheels 48, 50. Plates 52, 54 are fixedly secured by bolts 56 or other fastening means to the member 42, and each plate has a forwardly projecting portion 58. The wheels are each provided with a conventional knuckle 60 for steering purposes. The plate 52 has a rearward extension 62 for mounting of power steering apparatus, indicated generally at 64 in FIG. 1.", "PAR_4": "An important feature of this invention concerns the provision of a pair of frame pivot arms 64 and 66. The arms have leading upwardly curved ends 68, 70, and trailing ends 72, 74, and are each of tubular construction. The trailing ends 72 and 74 are clamped between the plates 52 and 54, respectively, and bottom clamp plates 76, 78 (FIG. 5), by changeable fasteners 80 of suitable type. If desired, protective split sheaths 82, 84 with rubber bushings are employed in the clamp arrangement. A pair of brackets 86, 88 reinforced by a lateral span 89 depend from the frame sides 26 and 28, and a cross member 90 spans the frame thereat. The brackets support hinges 92 with rubber bushings which serve as pivots for the leading ends 68 and 70 of the arms.", "PAR_5": "Immediately above the axle 40 the frame side members 26 and 28 are connected by an upper channel 94, reinforced at its ends by gusset plates 96. The bottom flanges of the side frames are similarly spanned by a larger inverted channel 98, the two last named channels being connected by a vertical reinforcing web 100. Forward suspension for the vehicle comprises an air bag suspension system heretofore employed exclusively in rear suspension systems due to bulk. The system hereof comprises conventional air bags 102, 104 of enlarged size, secured by their upper flanges 106 to bear against the channel member 98. The base 110, 112 of the bags are suitably secured to the plates 52 and 54 by appropriate fasteners 114.", "PAR_6": "Rearwardly by the axle and front suspension, the side frames are connected by a further cross member 116. Enlarged reinforcing members 118 are secured to the member 116, and longitudinal braces 120, 122 extend therefrom to the member 90. A bracket 124 is secured to member 116, and a pneumatic or other fluid operated cylinder 128 controls extension and retraction of a hitch 130 with a connector 132.", "PAR_7": "This invention has, as a major feature thereof, a totally independent power unit 134, a main component of which is a power unit sub-frame 136 including a bight portion or transverse rod 138, and elongated side rods 140, 142. Each of the side rods has a distal end 144, 145 angularly related to the main extent thereof, and a pair of brackets 146, 148 are centrally fixed in an upright position on the bight or transverse rod 138. These are connected by a top brace 150 having a portion 152 which embraces the connector 132 of the hitch. The eye member may be further embraced by a bottom plate 154 and 154A.", "PAR_8": "The side rods 140, 142 are spanned at various locations by apparatus for mounting of an engine and related accessories. For example, two mounts 158A and 158B for a radiator assembly 158. A front mount 156 and a spanning engine mount 160 for an engine 162 and transmission 164 are provided. Fuel tanks 166 for the engine are mounted outboard on the frame sides, as shown in FIG. 4.", "PAR_9": "The power unit 134 further includes a rear axle assembly 168 having a differential housing 170 and shaft housings 172, 174. The latter are clamped about the distal ends 144, 145 of the sub-frame side rods by clamps which include split sleeves 176, 178, upper and lower housing engagement blocks 180, 182, and 184, 186, and inverted U-bolts 188 with locking nuts 190. The axle housing terminates at brake assemblies 192, 194, for rear ground wheels 196 and 198.", "PAR_10": "The rear axle mount is stabilized by a stabilizer bar 200 having a connector 202 releasably secured to the frame side 26 for pivotal movement thereat. A second stabilizer connector 204 is releasably and pivotally engaged to an upstanding lug 206 on the differential housing 170. The housing is operatively associated with the transmission 164 through a drive shaft 208.", "PAR_11": "At a location forward of the rear axle assembly, rear suspension means is provided between the sub-frame and the main frame. In FIGS. 1, 4 and 9, it will be observed that mounting plates 210, 212 with depending supports 214, 216 are fixedly secured to the rod distal ends. The lower portions 218, 220 of air bag suspension members 222, 224 are secured to these plates by changeable fasteners 226. At their respective upper ends, the air bags are supplied with mounting brackets which include vertical members 228, 230 which are fixed, as by riveting, to the frame sides. The frame is reinforced laterally at the location of the suspension means by a lower channel 232, an upper channel 234, and a vertical web member 236.", "PAR_12": "The forward suspension means may be modified in the case of extremely heavy vehicles in the manner shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. There, air bags 102a and 104a are again mounted between a channel 98a and an upper member 42a of an axle 40a. In addition, a forward stabilizer bar 300 has a first connector 302 engaged on a bracket 304 depending from the frame side 26a, and a second connector 306 pivotally mounted in an upstanding bracket 308 secured on the plate 52a.", "PAR_13": "In FIGS. 2 and 3, diagrammatic sketches show the adaptability of the vehicle hereof to load distribution. In FIG. 2, a single trailer is shown, and the trailer hitch or fifth wheel 400 has been located at a midship location on the tractor frame. The tandem trailer arrangement of FIG. 3 however, provides improved efficiency and handling characteristics by shifting of the trailer hook-up 402 to an aft position.", "PAR_14": "FIGS. 13 through 15 best illustrate the principal advantages and manner of use of the construction provided hereby. In FIG. 13 an assembled unit as heretofore described is shown. In FIG. 14, the main frame has been tilted forwardly following disengagement of the rear air bags from their lower mounting sections and disconnect of the electrical and fluid controls for the power unit. These controls are located, as indicated above, in an array adjacent the hitch (not shown). The tilted frame and cab, previously raised by any suitable jack means to the position shown, is supported on a standard 500, and the drive unit is placed on a dolly 502 for movement to a repair or replacement location. FIG. 15 shows the unit as being towed to another location by a truck 504.", "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION", "PAR": "1. Field of the Invention", "PAR_2": "This invention pertains to new and novel improvements in motor vehicles, and more particularly to a heavy duty vehicle such as a tractor-trailer truck combination.", "PAR_3": "2. Statement of the Prior Art", "PAR_4": "It has heretofore been proposed to provide removable sub-chassis assemblies for motor vehicles. Examples of prior patented arrangements in the field include the following U.S. patents:", "PAR_5": "The foregoing illustrative patents show that prior attempts to provide a removable vehicle chassis sub-frame have been concerned principally with engines mounted either at the forward or rear end of the chassis, thereby imposing the weight of the engine and transmission principally on either a forward or a rear axle.", "PAC_2": "SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION", "PAR_6": "The present invention provides a vehicle construction which is particularly suited to heavy duty equipment, and is characterized by mid-length mounting of the engine assembly. This central mounting of the engine and related components has been found to substantially increase payload capacity by improved weight distribution. A co-related principal structural innovation of this invention resides in the detachability of the entire vehicle power train, thereby facilitating servicing and maintenance.", "PAR_7": "In this construction, the entire vehicle power train, including the engine, transmission, drive shaft and drive axle is secured to the main vehicle frame by a non-complex hitch means. In the event of need for major service or repair, the power train unit is detached and a substitute placed in service thereby freeing the chassis unit from unnecessary deployment from use. The mid-length location of the engine assembly, together with the detachable sub-frame on which this component is mounted, further makes feasible the use of an effective air suspension means for the vehicle. In respect to the latter, the fact that the engine is not front mounted provides sufficient space for the correct location of such air suspension means.", "PAR_8": "The midship engine location herein provided moreover, makes it possible to locate a fifth wheel hook-up assembly for a trailer at a location which permits load sharing between the axles of the two axle tractor. Thus, the need for a third tractor axle in order to correctly balance the load factor between the axles is eliminated. This location of the engine further provides ample engine space, and permits the use of types of engines other than the conventional internal combustion piston types when desired, such as turbine or other styles.", "PAR_9": "A further objective of this invention resides in providing a detachable, engine carrying sub-frame which is readily attached and detached, and one wherein the rear suspension comprises a simple combination of air bags and a stabilizer arm. The unit further employs an array of electric, fuel and air quick disconnect plugs which make possible rapid disengagement of the sub-frame from the chassis.", "PAR_10": "The absence of an engine in the forward frame area of the vehicle results in the provision of ample space for mounting of a forward air suspension means. Further, the necessity for a tilt assembly for the vehicle cab is obviated.", "PAC_3": null, "TBL": "Patent No. Patentee Issued ______________________________________ 1,198,388 Winslow Sept. 12, 1916 1,484,474 Cross Feb. 19, 1924 1,855,642 Masury Apr. 26, 1932 1,948,744 Curtiss Feb. 27, 1934 1,962,937 Richman June 12, 1934 1,975,366 Linderman Oct. 2, 1934 2,260,804 Dunham Oct. 28, 1941 2,480,047 Reinhard Aug. 23, 1949 2,531,268 Herrington Nov. 21, 1950 2,751,992 Nallinger June 26, 1956 ______________________________________", "PAR_11": "Additional objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a consideration of the following specification when read in conjunction with the annexed drawings.", "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Hobbensiefken; Dean", "City": "Lyons", "State": "OR", "Street": "Rte. 1, Box 241", "Zip code": "97358", "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Watson, Cole, Grindle & Watson", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "696397", "Issue date": "19020400", "Patentee name": "Ball", "US classification": "180 56", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "725394", "Issue date": "19030400", "Patentee name": "Ball", "US classification": "180 56", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "781990", "Issue date": "19050200", "Patentee name": "Ball", "US classification": "180 56", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "783599", "Issue date": "19050200", "Patentee name": "Warrington", "US classification": "180 55", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "810379", "Issue date": "19060100", "Patentee name": "Pope", "US classification": "180 56", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1727721", "Issue date": "19290900", "Patentee name": "Langlands", "US classification": "180 64L", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1770279", "Issue date": "19300700", "Patentee name": "Morrison", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "180 11", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2013599", "Issue date": "19350900", "Patentee name": "Butler", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "180 64M", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2047336", "Issue date": "19360700", "Patentee name": "Stout", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "180 11", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2383611", "Issue date": "19450800", "Patentee name": "Marcy", "US classification": "180 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3062309", "Issue date": "19621100", "Patentee name": "Schwartz", "US classification": "180 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "180", "11" ], "XCL": [ "180", "56", "XCL 180 64L" ], "EDF": null, "ICL": [ "B60k", "500" ], "FSC": [ "180", "FSC 280" ], "FSS": [ "11;55;56;64", "M;64", "L", "FSS 124 F" ] } ], "background": "1. Field of the Invention\nThis invention pertains to new and novel improvements in motor vehicles, and more particularly to a heavy duty vehicle such as a tractor-trailer truck combination.\n2. Statement of the Prior Art\nIt has heretofore been proposed to provide removable sub-chassis assemblies for motor vehicles. Examples of prior patented arrangements in the field include the following U.S. patents:\nPatent No. Patentee Issued ______________________________________ 1,198,388 Winslow Sept. 12, 1916 1,484,474 Cross Feb. 19, 1924 1,855,642 Masury Apr. 26, 1932 1,948,744 Curtiss Feb. 27, 1934 1,962,937 Richman June 12, 1934 1,975,366 Linderman Oct. 2, 1934 2,260,804 Dunham Oct. 28, 1941 2,480,047 Reinhard Aug. 23, 1949 2,531,268 Herrington Nov. 21, 1950 2,751,992 Nallinger June 26, 1956 ______________________________________\nThe foregoing illustrative patents show that prior attempts to provide a removable vehicle chassis sub-frame have been concerned principally with engines mounted either at the forward or rear end of the chassis, thereby imposing the weight of the engine and transmission principally on either a forward or a rear axle." }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "039302717", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "5328756", "Application Type": "1", "Publication Level": null, "Art unit": "353", "Application Filing Date": "19741216", "Title of Invention": "Golf glove", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "4", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "1", "Assistant Examiner": null, "Primary Examiner": "Larkin; Geo. V.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "1", "Number of figures": "6", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "A golf glove is disclosed having an extra finger pocket between the index and middle finger pockets for securing one finger of one hand of a golf player between the fingers of the player's other hand.", "claims": { "STM": "What I claim is:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. A golf glove comprising at least an index finger receptacle, a middle finger receptacle and a back surface extending from said receptacles in the direction of the wrist, and further comprising another finger receptacle disposed adjacent said index finger receptacle and said middle finger receptacle and overlapping a portion of said back section.", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "2. A golf glove in accordance with claim 1 wherein said other finger receptacle is attached along its periphery to said index finger receptacle, said middle finger receptacle and said back surface.", "NUM_3": "3.", "PAR_3": "3. A glove comprising an index finger receptacle, a middle finger receptacle, a back surface extending in the direction of the wrist, a finger restraining strap extending between said receptacles, and a finger restraining strap attached to said back surface adjacent said index finger receptacle and said middle finger receptacle and aligned in a direction substantially parallel to said finger restraining strap extending between said finger receptacles.", "NUM_4": "4.", "PAR_4": "4. A golf glove adapted for use on one hand of a golf player comprising at least an index finger receptacle and further comprising a finger receptacle attached to the side of said index finger receptacle most nearly adjacent to the thumb and adapted to receive a finger of the golf player's other hand.", "NUM_5": null, "PAR_5": null, "NUM_6": null, "PAR_6": null, "NUM_7": null, "PAR_7": null, "NUM_8": null, "PAR_8": null, "NUM_9": null, "PAR_9": null, "NUM_10": null, "PAR_10": null, "NUM_11": null, "PAR_11": null, "NUM_12": null, "PAR_12": null, "PA1": null, "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": null, "PAR": "The figures as outlined above, refer to a left-handed golf glove to be worn by a right-handed player. The invention is clearly adaptable to use by left-handed players using a right-handed glove having the features of this invention as shown in the drawing and described herein.", "PAR_2": "FIG. 1 shows the two hands of a player gripping the handle 10 of a club in the so-called overlapping grip. The player's left hand is in a glove 12 having an extra pocket 14 attached to the glove between the middle and index fingers. The pocket 14 points in the direction opposite of the other finger pockets of the glove, and as shown in FIG. 1, the little finger 16 of the player's left hand is extended into the pocket 14.", "PAR_3": "FIG. 2 is a plan view of a left-handed glove such as shown in FIG. 1. The extra finger pocket 14 is shown to be positioned partially between and extending partially over the middle and index finger pockets 22 and 24. The upper edge 26 of the pocket 14 preferably terminates in the vicinity of the position of the outer-most knuckle of the left index finger when the same is inserted in the index finger pocket 24. The fingertip end 28 of the pocket 14, preferably extends a distance beyond the common termination point 21 of middle and index finger pockets 22 and 24. The length of the finger pockets 14 will preferably be approximately equal to the distance from the middle knuckle to the tip of the little finger of the right hand of a player. As shown in the perspective representation of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the open end 26 of the extra pocket 14 is positioned partially between the middle and index finger pockets 22 and 24. The end portion 28 extends beyond the common termination point 21 of the finger pockets 22 and 24 and is fastened to the back section 23 of the glove. The extra finger pocket may be attached to the back of the glove and its adjoining finger pockets by stitching or another known method.", "PAR_4": "It will be understood that when a right-handed player grips the golf club in an overlapping grip, as represented in FIG. 1, the little finger 16 will extend into the extra pocket 14. Thus, the end of the little finger of the right hand, when inserted in the pocket in this manner, will rest on the area on the back of the left hand between the knuckles of the middle and index fingers. When the little finger is inserted in the extra pocket and positioned in the manner described, the player's hands are interlocked in such a manner as to keep the left hand in position relative to the right hand. Particularly, the right hand does not have the tendency to open during any part of the swing, and loss of the correct grip is avoided.", "PAR_5": "As is apparent from the above description and the drawing, the finger pocket 14 overlays the back panel 23 of the glove. When this finger pocket 14 is attached to the glove by means of peripheral stitching as indicated in the drawing, it is possible for a player to place the little finger of the right hand underneath the pocket 14. In this manner, the lower surface of the finger pocket acts as a restraining surface and the end portion of the little finger of the right hand fits snugly underneath the end portion 28 of the finger pocket 14. When the little finger is so positioned, the player has a sense of interlocking of hands in the same manner as when the little finger is inserted in the pocket. The function of restraining the little finger of the right hand in the desired position between the middle and index fingers and overlapping the back of the left hand, may also be accomplished by means of a plurality of straps extending between the middle and index finger pockets and one or more straps attached to the back of the glove. Such an arrangement is shown in FIG. 5. The straps 52, 53 and 54 extend between the middle finger pocket 22 and the index finger pocket 24 and are attached thereto. The strap 55 is attached to the back panel 23 of the glove 12. It will be understood that when the glove of FIG. 5 is worn by a player and a golf club is gripped in the manner depicted in FIG. 1, the little finger 16 of the player's right hand will fit underneath and be restrained by, the straps 52 through 55. When used in this manner, a glove having such straps aids the player to maintain a secure grip on the golf club.", "PAR_6": "As stated earlier herein, there is a tendency for the overlapping hand, for example the right hand shown in FIG. 1, to open slightly when the club is raised in preparation for the swing, which may result in an inadvertent turning of the club. This tendency of a player's hand to open is reduced substantially be interlocking the little finger of that hand between the middle and index fingers of the other hand in the manner described in the previous paragraphs. The same effect may be obtained by securing one of the other fingers of the overlapping hand, for example the ring finger. FIG. 6 shows a finger receptacle 62 attached to the outer edge 25 of the index finger pocket 24 of a left-handed glove. The receptacle 62 may be attached to the pocket by means of stitching or any other known means. When a golf club 10 is gripped by means of the overlapping grip as depicted in FIG. 1, the ring finger 18 of the right hand may be inserted into the receptacle 62. When the ring finger of the right hand is inserted in the receptacle 62 in the manner described, the tendency of the right hand to open during the swing is reduced substantially, aiding the golfer in maintaining the correct alignment of the club. When using a grip other than the overlapping grip depicted in FIG. 1, a golfer may insert another digit, for example, the little finger of the left hand, in the receptacle 62.", "PAR_7": "While the invention has been illustrated by means of the examples described above and shown in the drawing, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments may be produced without departing from the scope of the present invention.", "PAR_8": null, "PAR_9": null, "PAR_10": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": "D E T A I L E D D E S C R I P T I O N", "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION", "PAR": "1. Field of the Invention", "PAR_2": "This invention relates to a device designed to improve a golfer's grip on a golf club, and more particularly, to a device to assist a golfer in maintaining the proper position of the fingers of one hand with respect to the other hand on the club during the entire swing of the golf club.", "PAR_3": "2. Description of the Prior Art", "PAR_4": "From the prior art, a number of glove configurations and other devices are known for improving a player's grip on a golf club or to assure the proper positioning of the player's hands on the golf club. Such include gloves with special attachments for holding a player's fingers in position with respect to the palm of the hand, and gloves having straps adapted to fit around a golf club or to fit around the thumb of a player's opposite hand. One prior art device comprises a two-handed glove to force the two hands of a player to remain in a fixed position relative to each other.", "PAR_5": "As is well-known, a golfer adjusts his grip on the golf club and aligns the head of the golf club with the ball, while holding the club in front of himself. In aligning the head of the club with the ball, the player turns the club such that the face of the club's head is at the proper angle relative to the ball. It has become apparent, however, that during the swing, a player has a tendency to twist the club somewhat changing the carefully adjusted angle of the head relative to the ball. While a player may have a firm grip on the club while starting the back swing, as for example in an overlapping grip, there is a tendency for the fingers of the right hand of a right-handed player to move away from the fingers of the left and just prior to beginning the down swing in preparation for hitting the ball. Such loosening of the grip has a tendency to cause the club to twist, causing a change in the angle of the face of the club's head when it comes in contact with the ball.", "PAC_2": "SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION", "PAR_6": "Prior art gloves which are directed to maintaining a strong grip by means of the left hand do not aid in maintaining a proper position of the fingers of the right hand on the club. Certain prior art devices such as the two-handed glove mentioned above, or another known device consisting of a relatively thin sheet of flexible material which fits around the glove and having holes through which fingers of both hands are extended, are intended to fix the position of the fingers of both hands. They are, at best, awkward to use or difficult to manufacture, or both.", "PAR_7": "In accordance with this invention, a modified golfing glove is provided for improving a golfer's grip on a club, having a receptacle or restraining surface for holding one or more digits of one hand in a secured position relative to the digits of the other hand. In one illustrative embodiment of this invention, a standard golf glove is modified by the addition of a finger receptacle or finger pocket extending in a direction opposite the direction of the normal finger receptacles or pockets of the glove, and attached adjacent to the middle finger and index finger pockets of the glove. In a so-called overlapping grip, the little finger of the right hand of a right-handed golfer, may fit into the extra pocket. When so positioned, the little finger of the right hand will tend to remain securely nestled between the middle and index fingers of the left hand during the entire swing, avoiding an unwanted twisting of the club during the swing. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, several straps are extended between the middle and index finger pockets of a golf glove of one hand to provide a pocket for the little finger of the other hand.", "PAR_8": "In yet another embodiment of my invention, a loop resembling a section of a finger pocket is attached to the outer edge of the index finger pocket of the glove of one hand to accommodate the ring finger of the player's other hand.", "PAR_9": null, "PAR_10": null, "PAC_3": null, "TBL": null, "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Kahng; He Chung", "City": "Glenview", "State": "IL", "Street": null, "Zip code": null, "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [ { "inventor name": "Hi-Kahng Trading Co.", "City": "Chicago", "State": "IL", "Assignee type code": "02", "Country": null, "Assignee descriptive text": null } ], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Baker & McKenzie", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "2379430", "Issue date": "19450700", "Patentee name": "Frost", "US classification": "2161A", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2782422", "Issue date": "19570200", "Patentee name": "Bencriscutto", "US classification": "2161A", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "2161A" ], "XCL": [ "2", "21" ], "EDF": [ "2" ], "ICL": [ "A41D", "1900" ], "FSC": [ "2", "FSC 294" ], "FSS": [ "16;20;21;159;161", "R;161", "A;163", "FSS 25" ] } ], "background": "1. Field of the Invention\nThis invention relates to a device designed to improve a golfer's grip on a golf club, and more particularly, to a device to assist a golfer in maintaining the proper position of the fingers of one hand with respect to the other hand on the club during the entire swing of the golf club.\n2. Description of the Prior Art\nFrom the prior art, a number of glove configurations and other devices are known for improving a player's grip on a golf club or to assure the proper positioning of the player's hands on the golf club. Such include gloves with special attachments for holding a player's fingers in position with respect to the palm of the hand, and gloves having straps adapted to fit around a golf club or to fit around the thumb of a player's opposite hand. One prior art device comprises a two-handed glove to force the two hands of a player to remain in a fixed position relative to each other.\nAs is well-known, a golfer adjusts his grip on the golf club and aligns the head of the golf club with the ball, while holding the club in front of himself. In aligning the head of the club with the ball, the player turns the club such that the face of the club's head is at the proper angle relative to the ball. It has become apparent, however, that during the swing, a player has a tendency to twist the club somewhat changing the carefully adjusted angle of the head relative to the ball. While a player may have a firm grip on the club while starting the back swing, as for example in an overlapping grip, there is a tendency for the fingers of the right hand of a right-handed player to move away from the fingers of the left and just prior to beginning the down swing in preparation for hitting the ball. Such loosening of the grip has a tendency to cause the club to twist, causing a change in the angle of the face of the club's head when it comes in contact with the ball.\nPrior art gloves which are directed to maintaining a strong grip by means of the left hand do not aid in maintaining a proper position of the fingers of the right hand on the club. Certain prior art devices such as the two-handed glove mentioned above, or another known device consisting of a relatively thin sheet of flexible material which fits around the glove and having holes through which fingers of both hands are extended, are intended to fix the position of the fingers of both hands. They are, at best, awkward to use or difficult to manufacture, or both." }

{}

{ "bibliographic_info": { "Patent Number": "039302725", "Series Code": "5", "Application Number": "5015332", "Application Type": "1", "Publication Level": null, "Art unit": "355", "Application Filing Date": "19740910", "Title of Invention": "Crib leg lock", "Issue Date": "19760106", "Number of Claims": "3", "Exemplary Claim Number(s)": "1", "Assistant Examiner": "Holko; Thomas J.", "Primary Examiner": "Frazier; Roy D.", "Number of Drawing Sheets": "1", "Number of figures": "3", "Disclaimer Date": null }, "abstract": "A lock for a height-adjustable crib or playpen requires two distinct manual operations in order to release the lock on each crib leg. Each lock includes a rigid metal bracket which engages around the extensible part of the leg and is pivotally connected to a crib corner post. The bracket has a nose which projects into one of a series of openings in the extensible part of the leg then the bracket is swung against the leg part to prevent movement of the leg part relative to the post. The upper edge of the bracket is slotted to receive a latch pivotally connected to the corner post just above the bracket. The latch drops into the slot when the nose is engaged in one of the openings so that the bracket cannot be moved.", "claims": { "STM": "I claim:", "NUM": "1.", "PAR": "1. In combination with a height adjustable crib or the like of the type having a corner post and an extensible leg slidably connected to the corner post and having a series of holes along its length, a lock comprising", "NUM_2": "2.", "PAR_2": "1. a latch pivotally connected to the corner post adjacent to the bracket, and a slot formed in a side of the bracket, the sides of the slot being engaged by the latch when the bracket is positioned with its nose in said hole.", "NUM_3": "3.", "PAR_3": "2. The lock defined in claim 1 wherein the bracket comprises a single rigid metal stamping.", "NUM_4": null, "PAR_4": "3. The lock defined in claim 1 wherein the pivotal connection of the latch to the corner post is off center so that the force of gravity tends to maintain the latch in the slot when the bracket is positioned with its nose in said hole.", "NUM_5": null, "PAR_5": null, "NUM_6": null, "PAR_6": null, "NUM_7": null, "PAR_7": null, "NUM_8": null, "PAR_8": null, "NUM_9": null, "PAR_9": null, "NUM_10": null, "PAR_10": null, "NUM_11": null, "PAR_11": null, "NUM_12": null, "PAR_12": null, "PA1": "A. a rigid bracket extending around the extensible leg and having sides lying flush against opposite sides of the corner post; PA1 B. means for pivotally connecting the bracket sides to the corner post so that the bracket can be swung toward and away from the leg; PA1 C. a rigid nose projecting from the bracket and extending toward the leg, said nose being arranged to engage in one of the leg holes when the bracket is swung against the leg so as to lock the leg at a selected position of lengthwise adjustment relative to the corner post, and PA1 D. means mounted on the corner post and cooperating with the bracket for removably retaining the bracket with its nose in said hole said retaining means comprising", "NUM_13": null, "PAR_13": null, "NUM_14": null, "PAR_14": null, "NUM_15": null, "PAR_15": null, "NUM_16": null, "PAR_16": null, "NUM_17": null, "PAR_17": null, "NUM_18": null, "PAR_18": null, "NUM_19": null, "PAR_19": null, "NUM_20": null, "PAR_20": null, "NUM_21": null, "PAR_21": null, "NUM_22": null, "PAR_22": null, "NUM_23": null, "PAR_23": null, "PA2": null, "PAR_24": null, "NUM_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "NUM_25": null, "NUM_26": null, "PAR_26": null, "NUM_27": null, "PAR_27": null, "NUM_28": null, "PAR_28": null, "NUM_29": null, "PAR_29": null, "NUM_30": null, "PAR_30": null, "NUM_31": null, "PAR_31": null, "NUM_32": null, "PAR_32": null, "NUM_33": null, "PAR_33": null, "NUM_34": null, "PAR_34": null, "NUM_35": null, "PAR_35": null, "NUM_36": null, "PAR_36": null, "NUM_37": null, "PAR_37": null, "NUM_38": null, "PAR_38": null, "NUM_39": null, "PAR_39": null, "NUM_40": null, "PAR_40": null, "NUM_41": null, "PAR_41": null, "TBL": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "NUM_42": null, "PAR_42": null, "NUM_43": null, "PAR_43": null, "NUM_44": null, "PAR_44": null, "NUM_45": null, "PAR_45": null, "PA3": null, "PA0": null, "NUM_46": null, "PAR_46": null, "NUM_47": null, "PAR_47": null, "NUM_48": null, "PAR_48": null, "NUM_49": null, "PAR_49": null, "NUM_50": null, "PAR_50": null, "NUM_51": null, "PAR_51": null, "NUM_52": null, "PAR_52": null, "NUM_53": null, "PAR_53": null, "NUM_54": null, "PAR_54": null, "NUM_55": null, "PAR_55": null, "NUM_56": null, "PAR_56": null, "NUM_57": null, "PAR_57": null, "NUM_58": null, "PAR_58": null, "NUM_59": null, "PAR_59": null, "NUM_60": null, "PAR_60": null, "NUM_61": null, "PAR_61": null, "NUM_62": null, "PAR_62": null, "NUM_63": null, "PAR_63": null, "NUM_64": null, "PAR_64": null, "NUM_65": null, "PAR_65": null, "NUM_66": null, "PAR_66": null, "NUM_67": null, "PAR_67": null, "NUM_68": null, "PAR_68": null, "NUM_69": null, "PAR_69": null, "NUM_70": null, "PAR_70": null, "NUM_71": null, "PAR_71": null, "NUM_72": null, "PAR_72": null, "NUM_73": null, "PAR_73": null, "NUM_74": null, "PAR_74": null, "NUM_75": null, "PAR_75": null, "NUM_76": null, "PAR_76": null, "NUM_77": null, "PAR_77": null, "NUM_78": null, "PAR_78": null, "NUM_79": null, "PAR_79": null, "NUM_80": null, "PAR_80": null }, "detailed_description": { "PAC": null, "PAR": "Referring to FIG. 1 of the drawing, a crib shown generally at 10 has the usual corner supports indicated generally at 12. Since all these supports are identical, we will describe only one in detail. Each such support comprises a corner post 12a of the crib, and an extensible leg 12b. Leg 12b is slidably connected to the corner post by the usual C-shaped metal strap 14, which engages around leg 12b and whose ends are connected to opposite sides of the corner post by wood screws 13 (FIG. 2).", "PAR_2": "The leg 12b has the usual series of spaced openings 15, which cooperate with the subject leg lock shown generally at 16 to allow one to position crib 10 at a number of different elevations above the floor. Thus when the lock 16 is engaged in the uppermost hole 15, the leg 12b can extend down a considerable distance below the bottom of the crib. On the other hand, engagement of the lock 16 in the lowermost hole 15 positions the leg 12b so that its lower end is flush with the floor of the crib, thus enabling the crib to rest directly on the floor. Intermediate height adjustments of the crib are accomplished by engaging the lock 16 in the intermediate holes 15.", "PAR_3": "Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, lock 16 comprises a bracket 18 having a flat front face 18a, a pair of sides 18b extending at right angles to face 18a and considerably below that face. The bracket is arranged to engage around leg 12b and the lower edges of the bracket sides 18b are pivotally connected to corner post 12a by wood screws 22. These extend through suitable openings in the bracket sides and are turned down into opposite sides of the corner post, with the bracket being positioned almost midway up on the corner post.", "PAR_4": "The bracket 18 is formed with a relatively sharp nose 18c at the top of the front face 18a, which projects at right angles from that face toward leg 12b. Nose 18c is slightly narrower than the openings 15 in leg 12b, so that when the bracket 18 is swung upwardly with its front face 12a flush against leg 12b, the nose 18c can project into one of the openings 15, assuming of course that the leg 12b is at one of its selected positions of adjustment.", "PAR_5": "Lock 16 also includes an elongated L-shaped latch 26, which is recessed into a horizontal slot 28 in the outer face of corner post 12a just above bracket 18. The latch is pivotally connected to the corner post by a wood screw 32 extending through a suitable opening in the latch and turned down into the corner post. The latch extends beyond corner post 12a and terminates in a short leg 26a, bent at a right angle relative to the rest of the latch. The width of the slot 28 is somewhat greater than the width of the latch 26 so that the latch is free to pivot to a degree about screw 32. Further, the screw 32 is positioned toward the straight end of the latch so that the force of gravity causes the latch to swing downward about its pivot so that its end adjacent leg 26a rests against the lower wall of slot 28.", "PAR_6": "Latch 26 is arranged to engage in a slot 34 formed in the top edge of bracket side 18b, adjacent latch leg 26a, when nose 18c engages in one of the openings 15. As soon as the bracket is swung against the leg 12b, the latch drops into the slot 34, thereby locking the bracket in place, thus providing a double lock for the corner support 12. Also the upward force exerted on leg 12b tends to maintain the bracket 18 against the leg.", "PAR_7": "In order to change the height adjustment of each support, 12, it is necessary to lift latch 26 out of slot 34, using the latch leg 12a for this purpose. Then while the latch is raised, the bracket 18 must be swung away from leg 12b, thereby retracting nose 18c from opening 15. At this point the leg 12b can be slid up or down relative to its corner post and the lock repositioned in one of the other openings 15, whereupon the bracket will again be locked in place by latch 26.", "PAR_8": "It is apparent then that two distinctly different manual operations must be performed in order to release each support 12. Accordingly, the chances are minimal of a corner support being released accidentally as the crib is being moved by a child in the crib. Further, since the present lock is made of simple stamped metal parts, its cost is minimal.", "PAR_9": "It will thus be seen that the objects set forth above, among those made apparent from the preceding description, are efficiently attained and since certain changes may be made in the above construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not a limiting sense.", "PAR_10": "It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described .", "PAR_11": null, "PAR_12": null, "PAR_13": null, "PAR_14": null, "PAR_15": null, "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PA_1": null, "PAR_25": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAR_45": null, "PAR_46": null, "PAR_47": null, "PAR_48": null, "PAR_49": null, "PAR_50": null, "PAR_51": null, "PAR_52": null, "PAR_53": null, "PAR_54": null, "PAR_55": null, "PAR_56": null, "PAR_57": null, "PAR_58": null, "PAR_59": null, "PAR_60": null, "PAR_61": null, "PAR_62": null, "PAR_63": null, "PAR_64": null, "PAR_65": null, "PAR_66": null, "PAR_67": null, "PAR_68": null, "PAR_69": null, "PAR_70": null, "PAR_71": null, "PAR_72": null, "PAR_73": null, "PAR_74": null, "PAR_75": null, "PAR_76": null, "PAR_77": null, "PAR_78": null, "PA1": null, "TBL": null, "PAC_2": null, "PAC_3": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAC_5": null, "PAC_6": null, "PAC_7": null, "PAR_79": null, "PAR_80": null, "PAR_81": null, "PAR_82": null, "PAR_83": null, "PAR_84": null, "PAR_85": null, "PAR_86": null, "PAR_87": null, "PAR_88": null, "PAR_89": null, "PAR_90": null, "PAR_91": null, "PAR_92": null, "PAR_93": null, "PAR_94": null, "PAR_95": null, "PAR_96": null, "PAR_97": null, "PAR_98": null, "PAR_99": null, "PAC_8": null, "PAC_9": null, "PAC_10": null, "PAC_11": null, "PAC_12": null, "PAL": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_13": null, "PAR_100": null, "PAR_101": null, "PAR_102": null, "PAR_103": null, "PAR_104": null, "PAR_105": null, "PAR_106": null, "PAR_107": null, "TBL_3": null, "TBL_4": null, "TBL_5": null, "TBL_6": null, "TBL_7": null, "TBL_8": null, "TBL_9": null, "TBL_10": null, "TBL_11": null, "PAC_14": null, "TBL_12": null, "PAC_15": null, "TBL_13": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_108": null, "PAR_109": null, "PAR_110": null, "PAR_111": null, "PAR_112": null, "PAR_113": null, "PAR_114": null, "PAR_115": null, "PAR_116": null, "PAR_117": null }, "brief_summary": { "PAC": "BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION", "PAR": "This invention relates to juvenile furniture hardware. It relates more particularly to an improved leg lock for a crib, playpen or other height adjustable enclosure.", "PAR_2": "There is a growing awareness of the need to make juvenile furniture even safer for children. In the specific case of height-adjustable cribs and pens, considerable attention is being paid to making the crib less subject to being collapsed accidentally.", "PAR_3": "Some prior crib leg locks comprise a spring loaded pin mounted on a strap connected to the crib corner post and arranged to engage in openings in the extensible leg. When the pin is retracted the leg is free to move. These spring loaded locks are disadvantageous because they can be released by the child in the crib. Other cribs avoid this problem by securing the extensible leg to the corner post by passing a bolt through the corner post and leg and turning down a wingnut or threaded knob on the bolt to prevent the two from moving.", "PAR_4": "In some cases, the bolt opening through the extensible leg is an elongated slot so that it is only necessary to loosen the nut in order to move the leg. In other instances, the bolt has to be completely removed in order to reposition the leg. These prior constructions are not entirely satisfactory because in the former instance the crib is subject to accidental collapse if the nut should loosen, while in the latter case it takes a considerable amount of time and trouble to readjust the height of the crib.", "PAR_5": "Accordingly, the invention aims to provide a leg lock for a height-adjustable crib or playpen which cannot release accidentally, yet which can easily be released intentionally by the parent when it is desired to change the height of the crib.", "PAC_2": "SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION", "PAR_6": "Another object of the invention is to provide a leg lock of this general type which is relatively inexpensive to make.", "PAR_7": "Still another object of the invention is to provide a crib leg lock which will pass current government safety regulations on juvenile furniture.", "PAR_8": "A further object of the invention is to provide a crib leg lock which is less prone to accidental release by the child in the crib.", "PAR_9": "A further object of the invention is to provide a crib leg lock which is latched securely when it locks the leg at a selected height.", "PAR_10": "Other objects will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.", "PAC_3": "DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT", "TBL": null, "PAR_11": "The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction, combination of elements and arrangment of parts which will be exemplified in the following detailed description, and the scope of the invention will be indicated in the claims.", "PAR_12": "Briefly, the subject leg lock is installed on each of the four corner posts of a conventional crib. It comprises a generally C-shaped stamped metal strap which is pivotally connected to opposite sides of the corner post and engages around the usual extensible leg slidably connected to that corner post. The strap is provided with a relatively sharp nose which projects into one of the usual positioning holes in the leg when the strap is swung against the leg so that the leg is locked at a selected lengthwise position relative to the corner post.", "PAR_13": "When the bracket is thus swung against the leg, a latch drops into a slot formed in the upper edge of the bracket so that the bracket itself is locked in that position. Thus, even though the crib is lifted from the floor so that there is no upward force on the corner supports, the bracket remains locked with its nose in the positioning hole in the leg.", "PAR_14": "When it is desired to release the lock, two separate and distinct manual procedures must be followed. First, the latch key must be lifted up out of the slot in the bracket. At the same time the bracket must be swung away from the leg, thereby withdrawing its nose from the positioning hole in the leg. The leg can then be moved to a new height after which the bracket can be repositioned against the leg with its nose in another hole therein. Whereupon the latch will again drop in the slot in the bracket thereby locking the bracket in place.", "PAR_15": "The chances of the average child being able to manipulate both the latch and the bracket so as to release the leg are quite small. Thus there is little likelihood of accidental collapse of the crib. Since the bracket and latch are simple stamped metal parts, the cost of incorporating the subject lock into a crib of otherwise conventional construction is relatively small.", "PAR_16": null, "PAR_17": null, "PAR_18": null, "PAR_19": null, "PAR_20": null, "PAC_4": null, "PAR_21": null, "PAR_22": null, "PAR_23": null, "PAR_24": null, "PAR_25": null, "PA1": null, "PAR_26": null, "PAR_27": null, "PAR_28": null, "PAR_29": null, "PAR_30": null, "PAR_31": null, "PAR_32": null, "PAR_33": null, "PAR_34": null, "PAR_35": null, "PAR_36": null, "PAR_37": null, "PAR_38": null, "PAR_39": null, "PAL": null, "TBL_2": null, "PAC_5": null, "PA0": null, "PAR_40": null, "PAR_41": null, "PAR_42": null, "PAR_43": null, "PAR_44": null, "PAL_2": null, "PAL_3": null, "PAL_4": null, "PAL_5": null, "PAL_6": null, "PAL_7": null }, "drawings": {}, "government_interest": [], "inventors": [ { "inventor name": "Boudreau; Robert J.", "City": "Bedford", "State": "PA", "Street": null, "Zip code": null, "Country": null, "Inventor descriptive text": null } ], "assignees": [ { "inventor name": "Hedstrom Co.", "City": "Bedford", "State": "PA", "Assignee type code": "02", "Country": null, "Assignee descriptive text": null } ], "legal_info": { "Legal firm name": "Cesari and McKenna", "Principal attorney name": null }, "citations": [ { "Patent number": "933921", "Issue date": "19090900", "Patentee name": "Patterson", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "5 11", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1549144", "Issue date": "19250800", "Patentee name": "Messegee", "US classification": "248188.2", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1609246", "Issue date": "19261100", "Patentee name": "Hamburger", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "248407", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1667080", "Issue date": "19280400", "Patentee name": "Ramsey", "US classification": "5 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "1834468", "Issue date": "19311200", "Patentee name": "Mayette", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "5 99B", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2545289", "Issue date": "19510300", "Patentee name": "Lang", "US classification": "5 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2560109", "Issue date": "19510700", "Patentee name": "Hines", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "248407", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2574559", "Issue date": "19511100", "Patentee name": "Graf et al.", "US classification": "5 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2711301", "Issue date": "19550600", "Patentee name": "Jaspersen", "US classification": null, "Cross reference": "403107", "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "2734200", "Issue date": "19560200", "Patentee name": "Kedrowski", "US classification": "5 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null }, { "Patent number": "3670344", "Issue date": "19720600", "Patentee name": "Boudreau", "US classification": "5 11", "Cross reference": null, "Unofficial reference": null } ], "classifications": [ { "OCL": [ "5", "11" ], "XCL": [ "5100", "XCL 248423", "XCL 403107" ], "EDF": [ "2" ], "ICL": [ "A47D", "701" ], "FSC": [ "5", "FSC 248", "FSC 403" ], "FSS": [ "11;99", "B;100", "FSS 188.2;188.5;157;407;408;409;423", "FSS 107;108" ] } ], "background": "This invention relates to juvenile furniture hardware. It relates more particularly to an improved leg lock for a crib, playpen or other height adjustable enclosure.\nThere is a growing awareness of the need to make juvenile furniture even safer for children. In the specific case of height-adjustable cribs and pens, considerable attention is being paid to making the crib less subject to being collapsed accidentally.\nSome prior crib leg locks comprise a spring loaded pin mounted on a strap connected to the crib corner post and arranged to engage in openings in the extensible leg. When the pin is retracted the leg is free to move. These spring loaded locks are disadvantageous because they can be released by the child in the crib. Other cribs avoid this problem by securing the extensible leg to the corner post by passing a bolt through the corner post and leg and turning down a wingnut or threaded knob on the bolt to prevent the two from moving.\nIn some cases, the bolt opening through the extensible leg is an elongated slot so that it is only necessary to loosen the nut in order to move the leg. In other instances, the bolt has to be completely removed in order to reposition the leg. These prior constructions are not entirely satisfactory because in the former instance the crib is subject to accidental collapse if the nut should loosen, while in the latter case it takes a considerable amount of time and trouble to readjust the height of the crib." }

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