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Certain risk factors make it more likely that you will develop coronary artery disease (CAD) and have a heart attack. Some risk factors for heart attack can be controlled, while others can't. Major risk factors for heart attack that you can control include: Smoking High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Overweight and obesity Physical inactivity Diabetes (high blood sugar) Risk factors that you can't change include: Age: Risk increases for men older than 45 years and for women older than 55 years (or after menopause). Family history of early CAD: Your risk increases if your father or a brother was diagnosed with CAD before 55 years of age, or if your mother or a sister was diagnosed with CAD before 65 years of age. Certain CAD risk factors tend to occur together. When they do, it’s called metabolic syndrome. In general, a person with metabolic syndrome is twice as likely to develop heart disease and five times as likely to develop diabetes as someone without metabolic syndrome.	Answer this question truthfully	Who is at highest risk for Heart attack ?	Certain risk factors make it more likely that you will develop coronary artery disease ({{ORGANIZATION}}) and have a heart attack. Some risk factors for heart attack can be controlled, while others can't. Major risk factors for heart attack that you can control include: Smoking High blood pressure High blood cholesterol Overweight and obesity Physical inactivity Diabetes (high blood sugar) Risk factors that you can't change include: Age: Risk increases for men older than 45 years and for women older than 55 years (or after menopause). Family history of early CAD: Your risk increases if your father or a brother was diagnosed with {{ORGANIZATION}} before 55 years of age, or if your mother or a sister was diagnosed with {{ORGANIZATION}} before 65 years of age. Certain CAD risk factors tend to occur together. When they do, it’s called metabolic syndrome. In general, a person with metabolic syndrome is twice as likely to develop heart disease and five times as likely to develop diabetes as someone without metabolic syndrome.
You should seek medical care if you are experiencing chest discomfort or chest pain, upper body discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, lightheadedness or fainting, or breaking out in a cold sweat.	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Heart attack ?	You should seek medical care if you are experiencing chest discomfort or chest pain, upper body discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw, or stomach, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, lightheadedness or fainting, or breaking out in a cold sweat.
Each year, about 1.1 million people in the United States have heart attacks, and almost half of them die. CAD, which often results in a heart attack, is the leading killer of both men and women in the United States. Many more people could recover from heart attacks if they got help faster. Of the people who die from heart attacks, about half die within an hour of the first symptoms and before they reach the hospital.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Heart attack (Outlook/Prognosis)?	Each year, about 1.1 million people in the United States have heart attacks, and almost half of them die. {{ORGANIZATION}}, which often results in a heart attack, is the leading killer of both men and women in the United States. Many more people could recover from heart attacks if they got help faster. Of the people who die from heart attacks, about half die within an hour of the first symptoms and before they reach the hospital.
Symptoms depend on the type of heart block you have. First-degree heart block rarely causes symptoms. Symptoms of second- and third-degree heart block include: Chest pain Dizziness Fainting Fatigue Heart failure symptoms Light-headedness Pre-syncope Shortness of breath Syncope Third degree heart block are more life-threatening than second-degree heart block.	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Heart block?	Symptoms depend on the type of heart block you have. First-degree heart block rarely causes symptoms. Symptoms of second- and third-degree heart block include: Chest pain Dizziness Fainting Fatigue Heart failure symptoms Light-headedness Pre-syncope Shortness of breath {{ORGANIZATION}} Third degree heart block are more life-threatening than second-degree heart block.
Heart block has many causes. Some people are born with the disorder (congenital), while others develop it during their lifetimes (acquired) either from a disease, medication or surgery. One form of congenital heart block occurs in babies whose mothers have autoimmune diseases, such as lupus. People who have these diseases make proteins called antibodies that attack and damage the body's tissues or cells. In pregnant patients, antibodies can cross the placenta. (The placenta is the organ that attaches the umbilical cord to the mother's womb.) These proteins can damage the baby's heart and lead to congenital heart block. Congenital heart defects also may cause congenital heart block. These defects are problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth. Often, doctors don't know what causes these defects. Many factors can cause acquired heart block. Examples include: Damage to the heart from a heart attack. This is the most common cause of acquired heart block. Coronary heart disease, also called coronary artery disease. Myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle. Heart failure. Rheumatic fever. Cardiomyopathy, or heart muscle diseases. Sarcoidosis Degenerative muscle disorders Lev's disease and Lenegre's disease. Certain types of surgery also may damage the heart's electrical system and lead to heart block. Exposure to toxic substances and taking certain medications - including digitalis, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers - also may cause heart block. Doctors closely watch people who are taking these medications for signs of problems. Some types of heart block have been linked to genetic mutations (changes in the genes). An overly active vagus nerve also can cause heart block. You have one vagus nerve on each side of your body. These nerves run from your brain stem all the way to your bdomen. Activity in the vagus nerve slows the heart rate. In some cases, acquired heart blockmay go away if the factor causing it is treated or resolved. For example, heart block that occurs after a heart attack or surgery may go away during recovery. Also, if a medication is causing heart block, the disorder may go away if the medication is stopped or the dosage is lowered. Always talk with your doctor before you change the way you take your medications.	Answer this question truthfully	What causes Heart block?	Heart block has many causes. Some people are born with the disorder (congenital), while others develop it during their lifetimes (acquired) either from a disease, medication or surgery. One form of congenital heart block occurs in babies whose mothers have autoimmune diseases, such as lupus. People who have these diseases make proteins called antibodies that attack and damage the body's tissues or cells. In pregnant patients, antibodies can cross the placenta. (The placenta is the organ that attaches the umbilical cord to the mother's womb.) These proteins can damage the baby's heart and lead to congenital heart block. Congenital heart defects also may cause congenital heart block. These defects are problems with the heart's structure that are {{EMAIL}}. Often, doctors don't know what causes these defects. Many factors can cause acquired heart block. Examples include: Damage to the heart from a heart attack. This is the most common cause of acquired heart block. Coronary heart disease, also called coronary artery disease. Myocarditis, or inflammation of the heart muscle. Heart failure. Rheumatic fever. Cardiomyopathy, or heart muscle diseases. Sarcoidosis Degenerative muscle disorders {{NAME}}'s disease and {{NAME}}'s disease. Certain types of surgery also may damage the heart's electrical system and lead to heart block. Exposure to toxic substances and taking certain medications - including digitalis, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers - also may cause heart block. Doctors closely watch people who are taking these medications for signs of problems. Some types of heart block have been linked to genetic mutations (changes in the genes). An overly active vagus nerve also can cause heart block. You have one vagus nerve on each side of your body. These nerves run from your brain stem all the way to your bdomen. Activity in the vagus nerve slows the heart rate. In some cases, acquired heart blockmay go away if the factor causing it is treated or resolved. For example, heart block that occurs after a heart attack or surgery may go away during recovery. Also, if a medication is causing heart block, the disorder may go away if the medication is stopped or the dosage is lowered. Always talk with your doctor before you change the way you take your medications.
The risk factors for congenital and acquired heart block are different. If a pregnant patient has an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, her fetus is at risk for heart block. Autoimmune diseases can cause the body to make proteins called antibodies that can cross the placenta. (The placenta is the organ that attaches the umbilical cord to the mother's womb.) These antibodies may damage the baby's heart and lead to congenital heart block. Congenital heart defects also may result in congenital heart block. These defects are problems with the heart's structure that are present at birth. Most of the time, doctors don't know what causes these defects. Heredity may play a role in certain heart defects. For example, a parent who has a congenital heart defect may be more likely than other people to have a child with the condition. Acquired heart block can occur in people of any age. However, most types of the disorder are more common in older people. This is because many of the risk factors are more common in older people. People who have a history of heart disease or heart attacks are more likely to have heart block. Examples of heart disease that can lead to heart block include heart failure, coronary heart disease, and cardiomyopathy (heart muscle diseases). Other diseases also may raise the risk of heart block. These include sarcoidosis and the degenerative muscle disorders Lev's disease and Lenegre's disease. Exposure to toxic substances or taking certain medicines, such as digitalis, also can raise your risk of heart block. Well-trained athletes and young people are at higher risk for first-degree heart block caused by an overly active vagus nerve. You have one vagus nerve on each side of your body. These nerves run from your brain stem all the way to your abdomen. Activity in the vagus nerve slows the heart rate.	Answer this question truthfully	Who is at highest risk for Heart block ?	The risk factors for congenital and acquired heart block are different. If a pregnant patient has an autoimmune disease, such as lupus, her fetus is at risk for heart block. Autoimmune diseases can cause the body to make proteins called antibodies that can cross the placenta. (The placenta is the organ that attaches the umbilical cord to the mother's womb.) These antibodies may damage the baby's heart and lead to congenital heart block. Congenital heart defects also may result in congenital heart block. These defects are problems with the heart's structure that are {{EMAIL}}. Most of the time, doctors don't know what causes these defects. Heredity may play a role in certain heart defects. For example, a parent who has a congenital heart defect may be more likely than other people to have a child with the condition. Acquired heart block can occur in people of any age. However, most types of the disorder are more common in older people. This is because many of the risk factors are more common in older people. People who have a history of heart disease or heart attacks are more likely to have heart block. Examples of heart disease that can lead to heart block include heart failure, coronary heart disease, and cardiomyopathy (heart muscle diseases). Other diseases also may raise the risk of heart block. These include sarcoidosis and the degenerative muscle disorders {{NAME}}'s disease and {{NAME}}'s disease. Exposure to toxic substances or taking certain medicines, such as digitalis, also can raise your risk of heart block. Well-trained athletes and young people are at higher risk for first-degree heart block caused by an overly active vagus nerve. You have one vagus nerve on each side of your body. These nerves run from your brain stem all the way to your abdomen. Activity in the vagus nerve slows the heart rate.
If you are experiencing the above-mentioned symptoms for the first time or are severe, call 9–1–1 or have someone drive you to the hospital emergency room. If you have milder symptoms, talk with your doctor right away to find out whether you need prompt treatment.	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Heart block ?	If you are experiencing the above-mentioned symptoms for the first time or are severe, call 9–1–1 or have someone drive you to the hospital emergency room. If you have milder symptoms, talk with your doctor right away to find out whether you need prompt treatment.
First-degree heart block may not cause any symptoms or require treatment. If you have second-degree heart block that doesn't require a pacemaker, talk with your doctor about keeping your heart healthy. Your doctor will tell you whether you need ongoing care for your condition. People who have third-degree heart block and some people who have second-degree heart block need pacemakers. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. If you have a pacemaker, you should take special care to avoid things that may interfere with it. Avoid close or prolonged contact with electrical devices and devices that have strong magnetic fields. These objects can keep your pacemaker from working properly. Let all of your doctors, dentists, and medical technicians know that you have a pacemaker. You also should notify airport screeners. Your doctor can give you a card that states what kind of pacemaker you have. Carry this card in your wallet. You may want to consider wearing a medical ID bracelet or necklace that states that you have a pacemaker. Certain medical procedures can disrupt pacemakers. Examples include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrocauterization during surgery, and shockwave lithotripsy to get rid of kidney stones. Your doctor may need to check your pacemaker several times a year to make sure it is working well. Some pacemakers must be checked in the doctor's office, but others can be checked over the phone. Ask your doctor about what types of physical activity are safe for you. A pacemaker usually would not limit you from doing sports and physical activity. But you may need to avoid full-contact sports, such as football, that can damage the pacemaker.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Heart block (Outlook/Prognosis)?	First-degree heart block may not cause any symptoms or require treatment. If you have second-degree heart block that doesn't require a pacemaker, talk with your doctor about keeping your heart healthy. Your doctor will tell you whether you need ongoing care for your condition. People who have third-degree heart block and some people who have second-degree heart block need pacemakers. This device uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat at a normal rate. If you have a pacemaker, you should take special care to avoid things that may interfere with it. Avoid close or prolonged contact with electrical devices and devices that have strong magnetic fields. These objects can keep your pacemaker from working properly. Let all of your doctors, dentists, and medical technicians know that you have a pacemaker. You also should notify airport screeners. Your doctor can give you a card that states what kind of pacemaker you have. Carry this card in your wallet. You may want to consider wearing a medical ID bracelet or necklace that states that you have a pacemaker. Certain medical procedures can disrupt pacemakers. Examples include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electrocauterization during surgery, and shockwave lithotripsy to get rid of kidney stones. Your doctor may need to check your pacemaker several times a year to make sure it is working well. Some pacemakers must be checked in the doctor's office, but others can be checked over the phone. Ask your doctor about what types of physical activity are safe for you. A pacemaker usually would not limit you from doing sports and physical activity. But you may need to avoid full-contact sports, such as football, that can damage the pacemaker.
harmless heart murmur you likely won't have any symptoms and your doctor may discover it when listening to your heart with a stethoscope. presence of this symptoms indicate heart problem: fingertips and lips appear blue Swelling or sudden weight gain Shortness of breath Chronic cough Enlarged liver Enlarged neck veins Poor appetite and failure to grow normally (in infants) Heavy sweating with minimal or no exertion Chest pain Dizziness Fainting	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Heart murmur?	harmless heart murmur you likely won't have any symptoms and your doctor may discover it when listening to your heart with a stethoscope. presence of this symptoms indicate heart problem: fingertips and lips appear blue Swelling or sudden weight gain Shortness of breath Chronic cough Enlarged liver Enlarged neck veins Poor appetite and failure to grow normally (in infants) Heavy sweating with minimal or no exertion Chest pain Dizziness Fainting
If it is innocent murmur that means a normal heart. it is common in newborns and children. An abnormal heart murmur is more serious. In children, usually the cause congenital heart disease. In adults, it is due to acquired heart valve problems. Physical activity or exercise Pregnancy Fever Not enough red blood cells to carry oxygen (anemia) An increase in the amount of thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) In children the cause mostly due to structural problems of the heart (congenital heart defects). examples: Holes in the heart. Abnormal blood flow between the heart chambers or blood vessels(shunt) Heart valve abnormalities. Congenital heart valve abnormalities are present at birth, but sometimes aren't discovered until much later in life. In older children or adults causes of abnormal heart murmurs include infections or conditions that damage the structures of the heart for example: Hardening or thickening of valves, as in mitral stenosis or aortic valve stenosis, can occur as you age. Endocarditis. This infection of the inner lining of your heart and valves when bacteria or other germs lodge in your heart. endocarditis if left untreated can destroy your heart valves in people who already have heart valve abnormalities. Rheumatic fever. rare in the United States.	Answer this question truthfully	What causes of heart murmur?	If it is innocent murmur that means a normal heart. it is common in newborns and children. An abnormal heart murmur is more serious. In children, usually the cause congenital heart disease. In adults, it is due to acquired heart valve problems. Physical activity or exercise Pregnancy Fever Not enough red blood cells to carry oxygen (anemia) An increase in the amount of thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) In children the cause mostly due to structural problems of the heart (congenital heart defects). examples: Holes in the heart. {{NAME}} blood flow between the heart chambers or blood vessels(shunt) Heart valve abnormalities. Congenital heart valve abnormalities are present at birth, but sometimes aren't discovered until much later in life. In older children or adults causes of abnormal heart murmurs include infections or conditions that damage the structures of the heart for example: Hardening or thickening of valves, as in mitral stenosis or aortic valve stenosis, can occur as you age. Endocarditis. This infection of the inner lining of your heart and valves when bacteria or other germs lodge in your heart. endocarditis if left untreated can destroy your heart valves in people who already have heart valve abnormalities. Rheumatic fever. rare in the United States.
Family history of a heart defect. Uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension). Infection of the lining of the heart (endocarditis), Factors that increase your baby's risk of developing a heart murmur include: Illnesses during pregnancy. such as uncontrolled diabetes or a rubella infection. Taking certain medications or illegal drugs during pregnancy.	Answer this question truthfully	Who is at highest risk for Heart murmur ?	Family history of a heart defect. Uncontrolled high blood pressure (hypertension). Infection of the lining of the heart (endocarditis), Factors that increase your baby's risk of developing a heart murmur include: Illnesses during pregnancy. such as uncontrolled diabetes or a rubella infection. Taking certain medications or illegal drugs during pregnancy.
Most heart murmurs aren't serious, but if you think you or your child has a heart murmur, make an appointment to see your family doctor. Get medical help if you feel: Chest pain,Breathlessness, fatigue, or fainting for no reason, heart palpitations.	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Heart murmur ?	Most heart murmurs aren't serious, but if you think you or your child has a heart murmur, make an appointment to see your family doctor. Get medical help if you feel: Chest pain,Breathlessness, fatigue, or fainting for no reason, heart palpitations.
Innocent heart murmurs, the prognosis is excellent. For people with other types of heart murmurs, the prognosis depends on the type of heart problem and its severity. In general, even when heart surgery is required, the prognosis is good.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Heart murmur (Outlook/Prognosis)?	Innocent heart murmurs, the prognosis is excellent. For people with other types of heart murmurs, the prognosis depends on the type of heart problem and its severity. In general, even when heart surgery is required, the prognosis is good.
A heart transplant may be done to treat: Severe angina that can no longer be treated with medications or other surgeries Severe heart failure, when medicines, other treatments, and surgery no longer help Severe heart defects that were present at birth and cannot be fixed with surgery Life-threatening abnormal heartbeats or rhythms that do not respond to other treatments Heart transplant surgery may NOT be used in patients who: Are malnourished Are older than age 55 - 60 Have had a severe stroke or dementia Have had cancer Have HIV infection Have infections such as hepatitis that are active Have insulin-dependent diabetes and other organs that aren't working correctly Have kidney, lung, nerve, or liver disease Have no family support and do not follow their treatment Have other diseases that affect the blood vessels of the neck and leg Have pulmonary hypertension (thickening of blood vessels in the lung) Smoke or abuse alcohol or drugs, or have other lifestyle habits that may damage the new heart The doctor may not recommend a heart transplant if the patient may not be able to keep up with the many hospital and doctor's office visits, tests, and medications needed to keep the new heart healthy.	Answer this question truthfully	Why the Procedure is Performed?	A heart transplant may be done to treat: Severe angina that can no longer be treated with medications or other surgeries Severe heart failure, when medicines, other treatments, and surgery no longer help Severe heart defects that were present at birth and cannot be fixed with surgery Life-threatening abnormal heartbeats or rhythms that do not respond to other treatments Heart transplant surgery may NOT be used in patients who: Are malnourished Are older than age 55 - 60 Have had a severe stroke or dementia Have had cancer Have HIV infection Have infections such as hepatitis that are active Have insulin-dependent diabetes and other organs that aren't working correctly Have kidney, lung, nerve, or liver disease Have no family support and do not follow their treatment Have other diseases that affect the blood vessels of the neck and leg Have pulmonary hypertension (thickening of blood vessels in the lung) Smoke or abuse alcohol or drugs, or have other lifestyle habits that may damage the new heart The doctor may not recommend a heart transplant if the patient may not be able to keep up with the many hospital and doctor's office visits, tests, and medications needed to keep the new heart healthy.
Reactions to medications Problems breathing Bleeding Infection Blood clots (deep venous thrombosis) Damage to the kidneys, liver, or other organs from anti-rejection medications Development of cancer from the drugs used to prevent rejection Heart attack or stroke Heart rhythm problems High cholesterol levels, diabetes, and bone thinning from the use of rejection medications Increased risk for infections due to anti-rejection medications Rejection of the heart Severe coronary artery disease Wound infections	Answer this question truthfully	What are the Risks?	Reactions to medications {{ORGANIZATION}} breathing Bleeding Infection Blood clots (deep venous thrombosis) Damage to the kidneys, liver, or other organs from anti-rejection medications Development of cancer from the drugs used to prevent rejection Heart attack or stroke Heart rhythm problems High cholesterol levels, diabetes, and bone thinning from the use of rejection medications Increased risk for infections due to anti-rejection medications Rejection of the heart Severe coronary artery disease Wound infections
You should expect to stay in the hospital for 7 to 21 days after a heart transplant. The first 24 to 48 hours will likely be in the intensive care unit (ICU). During the first few days after a transplant, you will need close follow-up to make sure that you do not get an infection and your heart is working well. The recovery period is about 6 months. Often, your transplant team will ask you to stay fairly close to the hospital for the first 3 months. You will need to have regular check-ups with blood tests, x-rays, and echocardiograms for many years. Fighting rejection is an ongoing process. The body's immune system considers the transplanted organ an infection and fights it. For this reason, organ transplant patients must take drugs that suppress the body's immune response. Taking medicines and following your doctor's instructions carefully is very important to preventing rejection. Biopsies of the heart muscle are often done every month during the first 6 to 12 months after transplant, and then less often after that. This helps the doctor determine if your body is rejecting the new heart, even before you have symptoms. You must take drugs that prevent transplant rejection for the rest of your life. You will need to understand how to take these medications, and know their side effects. You can go back to your normal activities as soon as you feel well enough, and after talking with your doctor. However, avoid vigorous physical activity. To make sure that you do not develop coronary disease after a transplant, you will have cardiac catheterization every year. Heart transplant prolongs the life of patients who would otherwise die. About 80% of heart transplant patients are alive 2 years after the operation. At 5 years, 70% of people will still be alive after a heart transplant. The main problem, as with other transplants, is rejection. If rejection can be controlled, survival increases to over 10 years.	Answer this question truthfully	What is the Outlook/Prognosis?	You should expect to stay in the hospital for 7 to 21 days after a heart transplant. The first 24 to 48 hours will likely be in the intensive care unit ({{ORGANIZATION}}). During the first few days after a transplant, you will need close follow-up to make sure that you do not get an infection and your heart is working well. The recovery period is about 6 months. Often, your transplant team will ask you to stay fairly close to the hospital for the first 3 months. You will need to have regular check-ups with blood tests, x-rays, and echocardiograms for many years. Fighting rejection is an ongoing process. The body's immune system considers the transplanted organ an infection and fights it. For this reason, organ transplant patients must take drugs that suppress the body's immune response. Taking medicines and following your doctor's instructions carefully is very important to preventing rejection. Biopsies of the heart muscle are often done every month during the first 6 to 12 months after transplant, and then less often after that. This helps the doctor determine if your body is rejecting the new heart, even before you have symptoms. You must take drugs that prevent transplant rejection for the rest of your life. You will need to understand how to take these medications, and know their side effects. You can go back to your normal activities as soon as you feel well enough, and after talking with your doctor. However, avoid vigorous physical activity. To make sure that you do not develop coronary disease after a transplant, you will have cardiac catheterization every year. Heart transplant prolongs the life of patients who would otherwise die. About 80% of heart transplant patients are alive 2 years after the operation. At 5 years, 70% of people will still be alive after a heart transplant. The main problem, as with other transplants, is rejection. If rejection can be controlled, survival increases to over 10 years.
A red to reddish-purple, raised sore (lesion) on the skin A massive, raised tumor with blood vessels Most hemangiomas are on the face and neck.	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Hemangioma?	A red to reddish-purple, raised sore (lesion) on the skin A massive, raised tumor with blood vessels Most hemangiomas are on the face and neck.
About 30% of hemangiomas are present at birth. The rest appear in the first several months of life. The hemangioma may be: In the top skin layers (capillary hemangioma) Deeper in the skin (cavernous hemangioma) A mixture of both	Answer this question truthfully	What causes Hemangioma?	About 30% of hemangiomas are {{EMAIL}}. The rest appear in the first several months of life. The hemangioma may be: In the top skin layers (capillary hemangioma) Deeper in the skin (cavernous hemangioma) A mixture of both
All birthmarks, including hemangiomas, should be evaluated by the health care provider during a routine examination. Hemangiomas of the eyelid may interfere with the development of normal vision and must be treated in the first few months of life. Hemangiomas that interfere with breathing, feeding, or other vital functions should also be treated early.	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Hemangioma ?	All birthmarks, including hemangiomas, should be evaluated by the health care provider during a routine examination. Hemangiomas of the eyelid may interfere with the development of normal vision and must be treated in the first few months of life. Hemangiomas that interfere with breathing, feeding, or other vital functions should also be treated early.
Small, superficial hemangiomas often disappear on their own. About 50% go away by age 5, and 90% are gone by age 9.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Hemangioma (Outlook/Prognosis)?	Small, superficial hemangiomas often disappear on their own. About 50% go away by age 5, and 90% are gone by age 9.
HFRS is found throughout the world. Haantan virus is widely distributed in eastern Asia, particularly in China, Russia, and Korea. Puumala virus is found in Scandinavia, western Europe, and western Russia. Dobrava virus is found primarily in the Balkans, and Seoul virus is found worldwide. Saaremaa is found in central Europe and Scandinavia. In the Americas, hantaviruses cause a different disease known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.	Answer this question truthfully	Where is HFRS found?	{{ORGANIZATION}} is found throughout the world. {{ORGANIZATION}} virus is widely distributed in eastern Asia, particularly in China, Russia, and Korea. Puumala virus is found in Scandinavia, western Europe, and western Russia. Dobrava virus is found primarily in the Balkans, and Seoul virus is found worldwide. Saaremaa is found in central Europe and Scandinavia. In the Americas, hantaviruses cause a different disease known as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
Hantaviruses are carried and transmitted by rodents. People can become infected with these viruses and develop HFRS after exposure to aerosolized urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents or after exposure to dust from their nests. Transmission may also occur when infected urine or these other materials are directly introduced into broken skin or onto the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth. In addition, individuals who work with live rodents can be exposed to hantaviruses through rodent bites from infected animals. Transmission from one human to another may occur, but is extremely rare.	Answer this question truthfully	How do humans get HFRS?	Hantaviruses are carried and transmitted by rodents. People can become infected with these viruses and develop {{ORGANIZATION}} after exposure to aerosolized urine, droppings, or saliva of infected rodents or after exposure to dust from their nests. Transmission may also occur when infected urine or these other materials are directly introduced into broken skin or onto the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth. In addition, individuals who work with live rodents can be exposed to hantaviruses through rodent bites from infected animals. Transmission from one human to another may occur, but is extremely rare.
Rodents are the natural reservoir for hantaviruses. Known carriers include the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), the reservoir for both the Saaremaa and Hantaan virus; the brown or Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), the reservoir for Seoul virus; the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), the reservoir for Puumala virus; and the yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), which carries Dobrava virus.	Answer this question truthfully	Which rodents carry the hantaviruses that cause HFRS in humans?	Rodents are the natural reservoir for hantaviruses. Known carriers include the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius), the reservoir for both the Saaremaa and Hantaan virus; the brown or Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), the reservoir for Seoul virus; the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus), the reservoir for Puumala virus; and the yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), which carries Dobrava virus.
Symptoms of HFRS usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks after exposure to infectious material, but in rare cases, they may take up to 8 weeks to develop. Initial symptoms begin suddenly and include intense headaches, back and abdominal pain, fever, chills, nausea, and blurred vision. Individuals may have flushing of the face, inflammation or redness of the eyes, or a rash. Later symptoms can include low blood pressure, acute shock, vascular leakage, and acute kidney failure, which can cause severe fluid overload. The severity of the disease varies depending upon the virus causing the infection. Hantaan and Dobrava virus infections usually cause severe symptoms, while Seoul, Saaremaa, and Puumala virus infections are usually more moderate. Complete recovery can take weeks or months.	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of HFRS?	Symptoms of {{ORGANIZATION}} usually develop within 1 to 2 weeks after exposure to infectious material, but in rare cases, they may take up to 8 weeks to develop. Initial symptoms begin suddenly and include intense headaches, back and abdominal pain, fever, chills, nausea, and blurred vision. Individuals may have flushing of the face, inflammation or redness of the eyes, or a rash. Later symptoms can include low blood pressure, acute shock, vascular leakage, and acute kidney failure, which can cause severe fluid overload. The severity of the disease varies depending upon the virus causing the infection. Hantaan and Dobrava virus infections usually cause severe symptoms, while Seoul, Saaremaa, and Puumala virus infections are usually more moderate. Complete recovery can take weeks or months.
Several laboratory tests are used to confirm a diagnosis of HFRS in patients with a clinical history compatible with the disease. Such patients are determined to have HFRS if they have serologic test results positive for hantavirus infection, evidence of hantavirus antigen in tissue by immunohistochemical staining and microscope examination, or evidence of hantavirus RNA sequences in blood or tissue.	Answer this question truthfully	How is HFRS diagnosed?	Several laboratory tests are used to confirm a diagnosis of {{ORGANIZATION}} in patients with a clinical history compatible with the disease. Such patients are determined to have {{ORGANIZATION}} if they have serologic test results positive for hantavirus infection, evidence of hantavirus antigen in tissue by immunohistochemical staining and microscope examination, or evidence of hantavirus {{ORGANIZATION}} sequences in blood or tissue.
Supportive therapy is the mainstay of care for patients with hantavirus infections. Care includes careful management of the patient’s fluid (hydration) and electrolyte (e.g., sodium, potassium, chloride) levels, maintenance of correct oxygen and blood pressure levels, and appropriate treatment of any secondary infections. Dialysis may be required to correct severe fluid overload. Intravenous ribavirin, an antiviral drug, has been shown to decrease illness and death associated with HFRS if used very early in the disease.	Answer this question truthfully	How is HFRS treated?	Supportive therapy is the mainstay of care for patients with hantavirus infections. Care includes careful management of the patient’s fluid (hydration) and {{NAME}} (e.g., sodium, potassium, chloride) levels, maintenance of correct oxygen and blood pressure levels, and appropriate treatment of any secondary infections. {{ORGANIZATION}} may be required to correct severe fluid overload. Intravenous ribavirin, an antiviral drug, has been shown to decrease illness and death associated with {{ORGANIZATION}} if used very early in the disease.
Depending upon which virus is causing the HFRS, death occurs in less than 1% to as many as 15% of patients. Fatality ranges from 5-15% for HFRS caused by Hantaan virus, and it is less than 1% for disease caused by Puumala virus.	Answer this question truthfully	Is HFRS ever fatal?	Depending upon which virus is causing the {{ORGANIZATION}}, death occurs in less than 1% to as many as 15% of patients. Fatality ranges from 5-15% for {{ORGANIZATION}} caused by Hantaan virus, and it is less than 1% for disease caused by Puumala virus.
Rodent control is the primary strategy for preventing hantavirus infections. Rodent populations near human communities should be controlled, and rodents should be excluded from homes. Individuals should avoid contact with rodent urine, droppings, saliva, and nesting materials, and the safety measures described below should be followed when cleaning rodent-infested areas.	Answer this question truthfully	How is HFRS prevented?	Rodent control is the primary strategy for preventing hantavirus infections. Rodent populations near human communities should be controlled, and rodents should be excluded from homes. Individuals should avoid contact with rodent urine, droppings, saliva, and nesting materials, and the safety measures described below should be followed when cleaning rodent-infested areas.
Anxiety Chest pain Low blood pressure Pale, cool and clammy skin Rapid heart rate Rapid, shallow breathing Restlessness Shortness of breath	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Hemothorax?	Anxiety Chest pain Low blood pressure {{NAME}}, cool and clammy skin Rapid heart rate {{ORGANIZATION}}, shallow breathing Restlessness Shortness of breath
The most common cause of hemothorax is chest trauma. It can also occur in patients who have: A defect of blood clotting Death of lung tissue (pulmonary infarction) Lung or pleural cancer Placement of a central venous catheter Thoracic or heart surgery Tuberculosis	Answer this question truthfully	What causes Hemothorax?	The most common cause of hemothorax is chest trauma. It can also occur in patients who have: A defect of blood clotting Death of lung tissue (pulmonary infarction) {{NAME}} or pleural cancer Placement of a central venous catheter {{ORGANIZATION}} or heart surgery Tuberculosis
Call 911 if you have: Any serious injury to the chest. Chest pain or shortness of breath Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have: Dizziness, fever, or a feeling of heaviness in your chest Severe chest pain Severe difficulty breathing	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Hemothorax ?	Call 911 if you have: Any serious injury to the chest. Chest pain or shortness of breath Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if you have: Dizziness, fever, or a feeling of heaviness in your chest Severe chest pain Severe difficulty breathing
The outcome depends on the cause of the hemothorax and how quickly treatment is given.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Hemothorax (Outlook/Prognosis)?	The outcome depends on the cause of the hemothorax and how quickly treatment is given.
Juvenile form (early-onset, severe form): Aggressive behavior Hyperactivity Mental function gets worse over time Severe mental retardation Spasticity Late (mild) form: Mild to no mental deficiency Both forms: Carpal tunnel syndrome Coarse features of the face Deafness (gets worse over time) Increased hair (hypertrichosis) Joint stiffness Large head (macrocephaly)	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Hunter syndrome?	{{NAME}} form (early-onset, severe form): Aggressive behavior {{ORGANIZATION}} function gets worse over time Severe mental retardation Spasticity Late (mild) form: Mild to no mental deficiency Both forms: Carpal tunnel syndrome {{NAME}} features of the face Deafness (gets worse over time) Increased hair (hypertrichosis) Joint stiffness Large head (macrocephaly)
Hunter syndrome is an inherited condition. Boys are most often affected. The condition is caused by a lack of the enzyme iduronate sulfatase. Without this enzyme, mucopolysaccharides build up in various body tissues, causing damage. The early-onset, severe form of the disease begins shortly after age 2. A late-onset, mild form causes less severe symptoms to appear later in life.	Answer this question truthfully	What causes Hunter syndrome?	{{NAME}} syndrome is an inherited condition. Boys are most often affected. The condition is caused by a lack of the enzyme iduronate sulfatase. Without this enzyme, mucopolysaccharides build up in various body tissues, causing damage. The early-onset, severe form of the disease begins shortly after age 2. A late-onset, mild form causes less severe symptoms to appear later in life.
Call your health care provider if: You or your child has a group of these symptoms You know you are a genetic carrier and are considering having children	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Hunter syndrome ?	Call your health care provider if: You or your child has a group of these symptoms You know you are a genetic carrier and are considering having children
People with the early-onset (severe) form usually live for 10 - 20 years. People with the late-onset (mild) form usually live 20 - 60 years.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Hunter syndrome (Outlook/Prognosis)?	People with the early-onset (severe) form usually live for 10 - 20 years. People with the late-onset (mild) form usually live 20 - 60 years.
Symptoms of Hurler syndrome most often appear between ages 3 and 8. Infants with severe Hurler syndrome appear normal at birth. Facial symptoms may become more noticeable during the first 2 years of life. Symptoms include: Abnormal bones in the spine Claw hand Cloudy corneas Deafness Halted growth Heart valve problems Joint disease, including stiffness Mental retardation that gets worse over time Thick, coarse facial features with low nasal bridge	Answer this question truthfully	What are the symptoms of Hurler syndrome?	Symptoms of Hurler syndrome most often appear between ages 3 and 8. Infants with severe {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome appear {{EMAIL}}. Facial symptoms may become more noticeable during the first 2 years of life. Symptoms include: Abnormal bones in the spine {{ORGANIZATION}} hand Cloudy corneas Deafness Halted growth Heart valve problems Joint disease, including stiffness Mental retardation that gets worse over time {{ORGANIZATION}}, coarse facial features with low nasal bridge
Persons with Hurler syndrome do not make a substance called lysosomal alpha-L-iduronidase. This substance, called an enzyme, helps break down long chains of sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (formerly called mucopolysaccharides). These molecules are found throughout the body, often in mucus and in fluid around the joints. Without the enzyme, glycosaminoglycans build up and damage organs, including the heart. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. Hurler syndrome is inherited, which means that your parents must pass the disease on to you. Both parents need to pass down the faulty gene in order for you to develop Hurler syndrome. Hurler syndrome is a type of mucopolysaccharidosis called MPS I. Hurler syndrome is the most severe type. It is categorized as MPS I H. The other subtypes of MPS I are: MPS I H-S (Hurler-Scheie syndrome) MPS I S (Scheie syndrome)	Answer this question truthfully	What causes Hurler syndrome?	Persons with {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome do not make a substance called lysosomal alpha-L-iduronidase. This substance, called an enzyme, helps break down long chains of sugar molecules called glycosaminoglycans (formerly called mucopolysaccharides). These molecules are found throughout the body, often in mucus and in fluid around the joints. Without the enzyme, glycosaminoglycans build up and damage organs, including the heart. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. {{NAME}} syndrome is inherited, which means that your parents must pass the disease on to you. Both parents need to pass down the faulty gene in order for you to develop {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome. {{NAME}} syndrome is a type of mucopolysaccharidosis called {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome is the most severe type. It is categorized as MPS I H. The other subtypes of {{ORGANIZATION}} I are: MPS I H-S (Hurler-Scheie syndrome) MPS I S (Scheie syndrome)
Call your health care provider if: You have a family history of Hurler syndrome and are considering having children Your child begins to show symptoms of Hurler syndrome	Answer this question truthfully	When to seek urgent medical care when I have Hurler syndrome ?	Call your health care provider if: You have a family history of {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome and are considering having children Your child begins to show symptoms of {{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome
Hurler syndrome is a disease with a poor outlook. Children with this disease develop nervous system problems, and can die young.	Answer this question truthfully	What to expect if I have Hurler syndrome (Outlook/Prognosis)?	{{ORGANIZATION}} syndrome is a disease with a poor outlook. Children with this disease develop nervous system problems, and can die young.