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### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 220. Effect of letters of administration. ### Content: Letters of administration entitle the administrator to all rights belonging to the intestate as effectually as if the administration had been granted at the moment after his death.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 226. Accrual of representation to surviving executor. ### Content: When probate has been granted to several executors, and one of them dies, the entire representation of the testator accrues to the surviving executor or executors.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 229. Grant of administration where executor has not renounced. ### Content: When a person appointed an executor has not renounced the executorship, letters of administration shall not be granted to any other person until a citation has been issued, calling upon the executor to accept or renounce his executorship: Provided that, when one or more of several executors have proved a will, the Court may, on the death of the survivor of those who have proved, grant letters of administration without citing those who have not proved.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 225. Separate probate of codicil discovered after grant of probate. ### Content: (1) If a codicil is discovered after the grant of probate, a separate probate of that codicil may be granted to the executor, if it in no way repeals the appointment of executors made by the will. (2) If different executors are appointed by the codicil, the probate of the will shall be revoked, and a new probate granted of the will and the codicil together.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 366. Residue after usual payments to be paid to residuary legatee. ### Content: The surplus or residue of the deceased's property, after payment of debts and legacies, shall be paid to the residuary legatee when any has been appointed by the will.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 262. Procedure where codicil discovered after grant of administration with will annexed. ### Content: If, after the grant of letters of administration with the will annexed, a codicil is discovered, it may be added to the grant on due proof and identification, and the grant may be altered and amended accordingly.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 308. General powers of administration. ### Content: An executor or administrator may, in addition to, and not in derogation of any other powers of expenditure lawfully exercisable by him, incur expenditure-- (a) on such acts as may be necessary for the proper care or management of any property belonging to any estate administered by him; and (b) with the sanction of the High Court, on such religious, charitable and other objects, and on such improvements, as may be reasonable and proper in the case of such property.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 335. Assent of executor to his own legacy. ### Content: (1) When the executor or administrator is a legatee, his assent to his own legacy is necessary to complete his title to it, in the same way as it is required when the bequest is to another person, and his assent may, in like manner, be expressed or implied. (2) Assent shall be implied if in his manner of administering the property he does any act which is referable to his character of legatee and is not referable to his character of executor or administrator. Illustrations An executor takes the rent of a house or the interest of Government securities bequeathed to him and applied it to his own use. This is assent.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 300. Concurrent jurisdiction of High Court. ### Content: (1) The High Court shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the District Judge in the exercise of all the powers hereby conferred upon the District Judge. (2) Except in cases to which section 57 applies, no High Court, in exercise of the concurrent jurisdiction hereby conferred over any local area beyond the limits of the towns of Calcutta, Madras and Bombay 1*** shall, where the deceased is a Hindu, Muhammadan, Buddhist, Sikh or Jaina or an exempted person, receive applications for probate or letters of administration until the State Government has by a notification in the Official Gazette, authorised it so to do. 1. The words "and the province of Burma" omitted by the A.O. 1937.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 338. Commencement of annuity when no time fixed by will. ### Content: Where an annuity is given by a will and no time is fixed for its commencement, it shall commence from the testator's death, and the first payment shall be made at the expiration of a year next after that event.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 107. Effect of words showing testator’s intention to give distinct shares. ### Content: If a legacy is given to legatees in words which show that the testator intended to give them distinct shares of it, then, if any legatee dies before the testator, so much of the legacy as was intended for him shall fall into the residue of the testator's property. Illustration A sum of money is bequeathed to A, B and C, to be equally divided among them. A dies before the testator, B and C Will only take so much as they would have had if A had survived the testator.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 140. Bequest of fund for certain purposes, some of which cannot be fulfilled. ### Content: Where a testator does not absolutely bequeath a fund, so as to sever it from his own estate, but gives it for certain purposes, and part of those purposes cannot be fulfilled, the fund, or so much of it as has not been exhausted upon the objects contemplated by the will, remains a part of the estate of the testator. Illustrations (i) A directs that his trustees shall invest a sum of money in a particular way, and shall pay the interest to his son for life, and at his death shall divide the principal among his children. The son dies without having ever had a child. The fund, after the son's death, belongs to the estate of the testator. (ii) A bequeaths the residue of his estate, to be divided equally among his daughters, with a direction that they are to have the interest only during their lives, and that at their decease the fund shall go to their children. The daughters have no children. The fund belongs to the estate of the testator.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 294. Filing of original wills of which probate or administration with will annexed granted. ### Content: (1) Every District Judge, or District Delegate, shall file and preserve all original wills, of which probate or letters of administration with the will annexed may be granted by him, among the records of his Court, until some public registry for wills is established. (2) The State Government shall make regulations for the preservation and inspection of the wills so filed.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 364. Limit to refunding of one legatee to another. ### Content: The refunding of one legatee to another shall not exceed the sum by which the satisfied legacy ought to have been reduced if the estate had been properly administered. Illustrations A has bequeathed 240 rupees, to B, 480 rupees to C, and 720 rupees to D. The assets are only 1,200 rupees and, if properly administered, would give 200 rupees to B, 400 rupees to C and 600 rupees to D. C and D have been paid their legacies in full leaving nothing to B. B can oblige C to refund 80 rupees, and D to refund 120 rupees.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 385. Effect on certificate of previous certificate, probate or letters of administration. ### Content: Save as provided by this Act, a certificate granted thereunder in respect of any of the effects of a deceased person shall be invalid if there has been a previous grant of such a certificate or of probate or letters of administration in respect of the estate of the deceased person and if such previous grant is in force.
### Title: The Indian Succession Act, 1925: Section 368. Liability of executor or administrator for devastation. ### Content: When an executor or administrator misapplies the estate of the deceased, or subjects it to loss or damage, he is liable to make good the loss or damage so occasioned. Illustrations (i) The executor pays out of the estate an unfounded claim. He is liable to make good the loss. (ii) The deceased had a valuable lease renewable by notice which the executor neglects to give at the proper time. The executor is liable to make good the loss. (iii) The deceased had a lease of less value than the rent payable for it, but terminable on notice at a particular time. The executor neglects to give the notice. He is liable to make good the loss.
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 7. Inquiry by Forest Settlement-officer. ### Content: The Forest Settlement-officer shall take down in writing all statements made under section 6, and shall at some convenient place inquire into all claims duly preferred under that section, and the existence of any rights mentioned in section 4 or section 5 and not claimed under section 6 so far as the same may be ascertainable from the records of Government and the evidence of any persons likely to be acquainted with the same.
### Title: The Trade Unions Act, 1926: Section 24. Amalgamation of Trade Unions. ### Content: Any two or more registered Trade Unions may become amalgamated together as one Trade Union with or without dissolution or division of the funds of such Trade Unions or either or any of them, provided that the votes of at least one-half of the members of each or every such Trade Union entitled to vote are recorded, and that at least sixty per cent. of the votes recorded are in favour of the proposal.
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 23. No right acquired over reserved forest, except as here provided. ### Content: No right of any description shall be acquired in or over a reserved forest except by succession or under a grant or contract in writing made by or on behalf of the 1[Government] or some person in whom such right was vested when the notification under section 20 was issued. 1. Subs. the A.O. 1950, for "Crown".
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 27. Power to declare forest no longer reserved. ### Content: (1) The 1[State Government] may, by notification in the 2[Official Gazette], direct that, from a date fixed by such notification, any forest or any portion thereof reserved under this Act shall cease to be a reserved forest. (2) From the date so fixed, such forest or portion shall cease to be reserved; but the rights (if any) which have been extinguished therein shall not revive in consequence of such cessation. STATE AMENDMENTS Uttar Pradesh Addition of new section 27-A.--In Chapter II of the principal Act, after section 27, the following new section shall be added, namely-- "27-A. Finality of orders etc.--No act done, order made or certificate issued in exercise of any power conferred by or under this Chapter shall, except as hereinbefore provided, be called in question in any Court." [Vide Uttar Pradesh Act XXIII of 1965, s. 12] 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for "Provincial Government". 2. Subs., ibid, for "Local Official Gazette".
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 34. Nothing in this Chapter to prohibit acts done in certain cases. ### Content: Nothing in this Chapter shall be deemed to prohibit any act done with the permission in writing of the Forest-officer, or in accordance with rules made under section 32, or, except as regards any portion of a forest closed tinder section 30, or as regards any rights the exercise of which has been suspended under section 33, in the exercise of any right recorded under section 29.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 5. Contract of sale how made. ### Content: (1) A contract of sale is made by an offer to buy or sell goods for a price and the acceptance of such offer. The contract may provide for the immediate delivery of the goods or immediate payment of the price or both, or for the delivery or payment by instalments, or that the delivery or payment or both shall be postponed. (2) Subject to the provisions of any law for the time being in force, a contract of sale may be made in writing or by word of mouth, or partly in writing and partly by word of mouth or may be implied from the conduct of the parties.
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 13. Record to be made by Forest Settlement-officer. ### Content: The Forest Settlement-officer, when passing any order under section 12, shall record, so far as may be practicable,-- (a) the name, father's name, caste, residence and occupation of the person claiming the right; and (b) the designation, position and area of all fields or groups of fields (if any), and the designation and position of all buildings (if any) in respect of which the exercise of such rights is claimed.
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 43. Governments and Forest-officers not liable for damage to forest-produce at depot. ### Content: The1[Government] shall not be responsible for any loss or damage which may occur in respect of any timber or other forest-produce while at a depot established under a rule made under section 41, or while detained elsewhere, for the purposes of this Act; and no Forest-officer shall be responsible for any such loss or damage, unless he causes such loss or damage negligently, maliciously or fraudulently. 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for "Crown".
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 21. Specific goods to be put into a deliverable state. ### Content: Where there is a contract for the sale of specific goods and the seller is bound to do something to the goods for the purpose of putting them into a deliverable state, the property does not pass until such thing is done and the buyer has notice thereof.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 33. Delivery. ### Content: Delivery of goods sold may be made by doing anything which the parties agree shall be treated as delivery or which has the effect of putting the goods in the possession of the buyer or of any person authorised to hold them on his behalf.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 18. Goods must be ascertained. ### Content: Where there is a contract for the sale of unascertained goods, no property in the goods is transferred to the buyer unless and until the goods are ascertained.
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 76. Additional powers to make rules. ### Content: The 1[State Government] may make rule-- (a) to prescribe and limit the powers and duties of any Forest-officer under this Act; (b) to regulate the rewards to be paid to officers and informers out of the proceeds of fines and confiscation under this Act; (c) for the preservation, reproduction and disposal of trees and timber belonging to Government, but grown on lands belonging to or in the occupation of private persons; and (d) generally, to carry out the provisions of this Act. STATE AMENDMENT Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 76A.--After section 76, insert the following section, namely:- 76A. Power to regulate manufacture and preparation of articles based on forest produce.--(1) The Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir may make rules,-- (a) to provide for the establishment, and regulation by licence, permit or otherwise (and the payment of fees thereof), of saw mills, timber depots, firewood depots and other units including the factories or industries engaged in the consumption of forest produce or manufacture or preparation of the following articles:- (i) katha (catechu) or kutch out of khairwood; (ii) rosin, turpentine, other products out of resin, and wood oil; (iii) plywood, veneer and wood-based products; (iv) match boxes and match splints; (v) boxes including packing cases made out of wood; (vi) joinery and furniture items made out of wood; (vii) charcoal, lime stone and gypsum; (viii) such other articles based on forest produce as the Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir may, by notification in the Official Gazette, from time to time, specify; (b) to provide for the regulation by licence, permit or otherwise, of procurement of raw material for the preparation of articles mentioned in clause (a), the payment and deposit of fees therefor and for due compliance of the condition thereof, the forfeiture of the fees so deposited or any part thereof for contravention of any such condition and adjudication of such forfeiture by such authority as the Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir may, by notification, specify. (2) The Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir may provide that, as the contravention of any rules made under this section shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years or with fine which may extend to twenty five thousand rupees, or both. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).] 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for "Provincial Government".
### Title: The Indian Forest Act, 1927: Section 74. Indemnity for acts done in good faith. ### Content: No suit shall lie against any public servant for anything done by him in good faith under this Act. STATE AMENDMENT Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh (UTs).-- Section 74.--For section 74, substitute the following section, namely:- 74. Indemnity for acts done in good faith.--(1) No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any public servant for anything done in good faith or omitted to be done likewise, under this Act or the rules or orders made thereunder. (2) No Court shall take cognizance of any offence alleged to have been committed by a forest officer while acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official duty except with the previous sanction of the Government of Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. [Vide the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O. 1123(E) dated (18-3-2020) and Vide Union Territory of Ladakh Reorganisation (Adaptation of Central Laws) Order, 2020, notification No. S.O.3774(E), dated (23-10-2020).] Uttar Pradesh Substitution of section 74--For section 74 of the principal Act, the following section shall be substituted, namely:-- "74. Indemnity for acts done in good faith.--No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against the State Government or any public servant for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done in pursuance of this Act or rules or orders made thereunder." [Vide Uttar Pradesh Act 1 of 2001, s. 17] Uttarakhand Substitution of section 74.--For section 74 of the principal act the following section shall be substituted, namely:-- "74. Indemnity for acts done in good faith.--No suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against the State Government or any public servant for anything done by him under this Act or rules or orders made thereunder.". [Vide Uttarakhand Act 10 of 2002, s. 16]
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 12. Condition and warranty. ### Content: (1) A stipulation in a contract of sale with reference to goods which are the subject thereof may be a condition or a warranty. (2) A condition is a stipulation essential to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which gives rise to a right to treat the contract as repudiated. (3) A warranty is a stipulation collateral to the main purpose of the contract, the breach of which gives rise to a claim for damages but not to a right to reject the goods and treat the contract as repudiated. (4) Whether a stipulation in a contract of sale is a condition or a warranty depends in each case on the construction of the contract. A stipulation may be a condition, though called a warranty in the contract.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 9. Ascertainment of price. ### Content: (1) The price in a contract of sale may be fixed by the contract or may be left to be fixed in manner thereby agreed or may be determined by the course of dealing between the parties. (2) Where the price is not determined in accordance with the foregoing provisions, the buyer shall pay the seller a reasonable price. What is a reasonable price is a question of fact dependent on the circumstances of each particular case.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 45. “Unpaid seller” defined. ### Content: (1) The seller of goods is deemed to be an "unpaid seller" within the meaning of this Act— (a) when the whole of the price has not been paid or tendered; (b) when a bill of exchange or other negotiable instrument has been received as conditional payment, and the condition on which it was received has not been fulfilled by reason of the dishonour of the instrument or otherwise. (2) In this Chapter, the term "seller" includes any person who is in the position of a seller, as, for instance, an agent of the seller to whom the bill of lading has been endorsed, or a consignor or agent who has himself paid, or is directly responsible for, the price.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 52. How stoppage in transit is effected. ### Content: (1) The unpaid sellermay exercise his right of stoppage in transit either by taking actual possession of the goods, or by giving notice of his claim to the carrier or other bailee in whose possession the goods are. Such notice may be given either to the person in actual possession of the goods or to his principal. In the latter case the notice, to be effectual, shall be given at such time and in such circumstances that the principal, by the exercise of reasonable diligence, may communicate it to his servant or agent in time to prevent a delivery to the buyer. (2) When notice of stoppage in transit is given by the seller to the carrier or other bailee in possession of the goods, he shall re-deliver the goods to, or according to the directions of, the seller. The expenses of such re-delivery shall be borne by the seller.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 63. Reasonable time a question of fact. ### Content: Where in this Act any reference is made to a reasonable time, the question what is a reasonable time is a question of fact.
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 25. Reservation of right of disposal. ### Content: (1) Where there is a contract for the sale of specific goods or where goods are subsequently appropriated to the contract, the seller may, by the terms of the contract or appropriation, reserve the right of disposal of the goods until certain conditions are fulfilled. In such case, notwithstanding the delivery of the goods to a buyer or to a carrier or other bailee for the purpose of transmission to the buyer, the property in the goods does not pass to the buyer until the conditions imposed by the seller are fulfilled. 1[(2) Where goods are shipped or delivered to a railway administration for carriage by railway and by the bill of lading or railway receipt, as the case may be, the goods are deliverable to the order of the seller or his agent, the seller is prima facie deemed to reserve the right of disposal. (3) Where the seller of goods draws on the buyer for the price and transmits to the buyer the bill of exchange together with the bill of lading or, as the case may be, the railway receipt, to secure acceptance or payment of the bill of exchange, the buyer is bound to return the bill of lading or the railway receipt if he does not honour the bill of exchange; and, if he wrongfully retains the bill of lading or the railway receipt, the property in the goods does not pass to him. Explanation.-- In this section, the expressions "railway" and "railway administration" shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them under the Indian Railways Act, 1890 (9 of 1890).] 1. Subs by Act 33 of 1963, s. 4, for sub-sections (2) and (3) (w.e.f. 22-9-1963).
### Title: The Sale of Goods Act, 1930: Section 60. Repudiation of contract before due date. ### Content: Where either party to a contract of sale repudiates the contract before the date of delivery, the other may either treat the contract as subsisting and wait till the date of delivery, or he may treat the contract as rescinded and sue for damages for the breach.
### Title: The Indian Partnership Act, 1932: Section 47. Continuing authority of partners for purposes of winding up. ### Content: After the dissolution of a firm the authority of each partner to bind the firm, and the other mutual rights and obligations of the partners, continue notwithstanding the dissolution, so far as may be necessary to wind up the affairs of the firm and to complete transactions begun but unfinished at the time of the dissolution, but not otherwise: Provided that the firm is in no case bound by the acts of a partner who has been adjudicated insolvent; but this proviso does not affect the liability of any person who has after the adjudication represented himself or knowingly permitted himself to be represented as a partner of the insolvent.
### Title: The Murshidabad Estate Administration Act, 1933: Section 17. Investigation to be deemed a judicial proceeding. ### Content: Everyinvestigation conducted by the Manager with reference to any claim preferred before him under this Act, or to any matter connected with such claim, shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860); and everystatement made by any person examined by or before the Manager with reference to any such investigation, whether upon oath or otherwise, shall be deemed to be evidence within the meaning of the said Code.
### Title: The Navy Act, 1957: Section 37. Penalty for disobedience in action. ### Content: 1[37. Penalty for disobedience in action.--Every person subject to naval law who, being in the presence or vicinity of the enemy or having been ordered to be prepared for action by or against the enemy-- (a) desert his post; or (b) sleeps upon his watch, shall be punished with death or such other punishment as is hereinafter mentioned.] 1. Subs. by s. 7, ibid., for sections 34 to 37 (w.e.f. 16-12-1974).
### Title: The Murshidabad Estate Administration Act, 1933: Section 27. Effect of withdrawal from entry by State Government. ### Content: Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this or any other Act, the withdrawal bythe 1[State Government] from entry upon the immoveable properties of the estate shall not have the effect of reviving any of the proceeding referred to in clause first of section 4 if the debt or liability in respect of which such proceedings were instituted is barred under section 10. Nothing in section 4 shall bar the revival after such withdrawal of any other of the proceedings referred to in the said clause: Provided that no Court shall entertain any suit ofproceeding against the Nawab Bahadur in which the amount claimed is in excess of the amount determined under section 11, 13 or 22, as the case may be, together with any further interest due thereon, or in which interest is claimed at a rate higher than the rate determined as just and proper under those sections. 1 Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "Secretary of State".
### Title: The Murshidabad Estate Administration Act, 1933: Section 4. Effect of order under section 3. ### Content: On the publication of an order for the appointment of a Manager under section 3, the following consequences shall ensure:— first, all proceedings which may then be pending in any Civil Court in respect of any debts or liabilities to which the Nawab Bahadur may be subject shall be barred, and all processes, executions and attachments for or in respect of such debts and liabilities shall become null and void; secondly, so long as such management continues, no suit or proceeding shall lie against the Nawab Bahadur, 1*** 2 [or the State of 3 [West Bengal]] or the Manager, in respect of any any debt or liability to which the Nawab Bahadur is subject, nor shall the Nawab Bahadur be liable to arrest for or in respect of the debts and liabilities to which he was at the time of such publication subject or in execution of any decree obtained before such publication nor shall his moveable property be liable to attachment or sale, unde r process of any Court for or in respect of such debts and liabilities; thirdly, so long as such management continues— (a) the Nawab Bahadur shall be incompetent to mortgage, charge, lease, settle or alienate the immoveable properties of the estate, or to grant valid receipts for the rents and profits arising or accruing therefrom; (b) such property shall be exempt from attachment or sale unde r process of any Court; and (c) the Nawab Bahadur shall be incapable of entering into any contract which may involve him in pecuniary liability; and fourthly, any amount awarded, before the entry 4 [of the State Government] upon the immovable properties of the estate, under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894), by way of compensation for immoveable properties of the estate acquired under that Act, if the amount has been invested in securities under section 32 of that Act or is deposited in Court pending such investment in land or securities, shall, together with all interest and other proceeds thereof not already paid to any person under the provisions of any law, be deliverable to the Manager on behalf 4 [of the State Government] to be disposed of in such manner as the 5 [State Government] may think fit. 1. The words "or the Secretary of State" omitted by the A.O. 1948. 2. Ins. by the A.O. 1937. 3. Subs. by the A.O. 1948, for "Bengal". 4. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "of the Secretary of State". 5. Subs. by the A.O. 1948, for "Secretary of State".
### Title: The Murshidabad Estate Administration Act, 1933: Section 20. Power to lease. ### Content: The Manager may, subjectto the prescribed conditions, make settlementof all or any of the immoveable properties of the estate and may for this purpose execute any lease or counterpart of a lease: Provided that, unless the settlement is of a kind authorised by rule made under section 28, its terms and conditions shall have been previously approved by the State Government.
### Title: The Murshidabad Estate Administration Act, 1933: Section 11. Determination of debts. ### Content: The Manager shall in the prescribed manner determine the amount of the principal of all debts and liabilities not barred under section 10 justly due to the several creditors of the Nawab Bahadur and to persons holding mortgages, charges or liens on the property of the Nawab Bahadur, and shall determine in like manner the interest, if any, due at the date of such determination in respect of such debts and liabilities and may reduce the rates of interest charged as appears to him just and proper.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 21A. Bank to transact Government business of States on agreement. ### Content: 1[21A. Bank to transact Government business of States on agreement.--(1) The Bank may by agreement with the Government of any 2* State 3* undertake-- (a) all its money, remittance, exchange and banking transactions in India, including in particular, the deposit, free of interest, of all its cash balances with the Bank; and (b) the management of the public debt of, and the issue of any new loans by, that State. (2) Any Agreement made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before Parliament.] 1. Ins. by Act 32 of 1951, s. 12 (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 2. The word and letter "Part B" omitted by Act 37 of 1956, s. 104 (w.e.f. 1-11-1956). 3. The words "(including the autonomous State of Meghalaya)" omitted by Act 81 of 1971, s. 72 (w.e.f. 21-1-1972) which was earlier inserted by Act 55 of 1969, s. 75 (w.e.f. 2-4-1970).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 34. Liabilities of Issue Department. ### Content: (1) The Liabilities of the Issue Department shall be an amount equal to the total of the amount of the currency notes of the Government of India and bank notes for the time being in circulation. 1* * * * * 2* * * * * 1. Sub-section (2) omitted by Act 55 of 1963, s. 2 (w.e.f. 1-2-1964). 2. Sub-section (3) omitted by s. 2, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-2-1964) which was earlier inserted by the M.O. 1937.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 20A. [Omitted.]. ### Content: [Transaction of business for British Military Administration, Burma].--Omitted to the repeal of the Ordinance by Act 11 of 1947 which was earlier temporarily inserted by Ordinance 19 of 1945.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 37. Suspension of assets requirements as to foreign securities. ### Content: 1[37. Suspension of assets requirements as to foreign securities.--Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing provisions, the Bank may, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, for periods not exceeding six months in the first instance, which may, with the like sanction, be extended from time to time by period not exceeding three months at a time, hold as assets foreign securities of less amount in value than that required by sub-section (2) of section 33. 2* * * * *] 1. Subs. by Act 38 of 1956, s. 4, for section 37 (w.e.f. 6-10-1956). 2. The proviso omitted by Act 48 of 1957, s. 3 (w.e.f. 31-10-1957).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 42. Cash reserves of scheduled banks to be kept with the Bank. ### Content: 1[(1) Every bank included in the Second Schedule shall maintain with the Bank an average daily balance the amount of which shall not be less than 2[such per cent. of the total of the demand and time liabilities in India of such bank as shown in the return referred to in sub-section (2), as the Bank may from time to time, having regard to the needs of securing the monetary stability in the country, notify in the Gazette of India]: 3* * * * * Explanation.--For the purposes of this section,-- (a) average daily balance shall mean the average of the balances held at the close of business of each day 4[of a fortnight]; 5[(b) fortnight shall mean the period from Saturday to the second following Friday, both days inclusive;] 6[(c) liabilities shall not include-- (i) the paid-up capital or the reserves or any credit balance in the profit and loss account of the bank; (ii) the amount of any loan taken from the Bank 7* 8[or from the Exim Bank] 9[or from the Reconstruction Bank] 10[or from the National Housing Bank] or from the 11[National Bank] 12[or from the Small Industries Bank] 13[or from the National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development or from the other development financial institution] 14; (iii) in the case of a State co-operative bank, also any loan taken by such bank from a State Government 15[or from the National Co-operative Development Corporation established under the National Co-operative Development Corporation Act, 1962 (26 of 1962)] and any deposit of money with such bank representing the reserve fund or any part thereof 16** maintained with it by any co-operative society within its area of operation;] 17[(iv) in the case of a State co-operative bank, which has granted an advance against any balance maintained with it, such balance to the extent of the amount outstanding in respect of such advance;] 15[(v) in the case a Regional Rural Bank, also any loan taken by such bank from its Sponsor Bank;] 15[(d) the aggregate of the liabilities of a Scheduled bank which is not a State co-operative bank, to,-- (i) the State Bank; (ii) a subsidiary bank as defined in section 2 of the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 (38 of 1959); (iii) a corresponding new bank constituted by section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1970 (5 of 1970); 15[(iiia) a corresponding new bank constituted by section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1980 (40 of 1980);] (iv) a banking company as defined in clause (c) section 5 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949); (v) a co-operative bank; or (vi) any other financial institution notified by the Central Government in this behalf, shall be reduced by the aggregate of the liabilities of all such banks and institutions to the scheduled bank; (e) the aggregate of the liabilities of a scheduled bank which is a State co-operative bank, to,-- (i) the State Bank; (ii) a subsidiary bank as defined in section 2 of the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 (38 of 1959); (iii) a corresponding new bank constituted by section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1970 (5 of 1970); 15[(iiia) a corresponding new bank constituted by section 3 of the Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertakings) Act, 1980 (40 of 1980);] (iv) a banking company as defined in clause (c) of section 5 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949); or (v) any other financial institution notified by the Central Government in, this behalf, shall be reduced by the aggregate of the liabilities of all such banks and institutions to the State cooperative bank.] (1A) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the Bank may, by notification in the Gazette of India, direct that every scheduled bank shall, with effect from such date as may be specified in the notification, maintain with the Bank, in addition to the balance prescribed by or under sub-section (1), an additional average daily balance the amount of which shall not be less than the 18[rate specified in the notification, such additional balance being calculated with reference to the excess of the total of the demand and time liabilities of the bank as shown in the return referred to in sub-section (2) over the total of its demand and time liabilities] at the close of business on the date specified in the notification as shown by such return so however, that the additional balance shall, in no case, be more than such excess: 19[Provided that the Bank may, by a separate notification in the Gazette of India, specify different dates in respect of a Bank subsequently included in the Second Schedule]. 20* * * * * 15[1(C) The Bank may, for the purposes of this section, specify from time to time with reference to any transaction or class of transactions that such transaction or transactions shall be regarded as liability in India of a scheduled bank, and if any question arises as to whether any transaction or class of transactions shall be regarded, for the purposes of this section, as liability in India of a scheduled bank, the decision of the Bank thereon shall be final.] 21[(2) Every scheduled bank shall send to the Bank a return signed by two responsible officers of such bank showing-- (a) the amount of its demand and time liabilities and the amount of its borrowings from banks in India, 22[classifying them into demand and time liabilities], 23* * * * * (b) the total amount of legal tender notes and coins held by it in India, (c) the balance held by it at the Bank in India, (d) the balances held by it at other banks in current account and the money at call and short notice in India, (e) the investments (at book value) in Central and State Government securities including treasury bills and treasury deposit receipts, (f) the amount of advances in India, (g) the inland bills purchased and discounted in India 24[and foreign bills purchased and discounted]. 25[at the close of business on each alternate Friday, and every such return shall be sent not later than seven days after the date to which it relates]: 26[Provided that the Bank may, by notification in the Gazette of India, delete or modify or add to any of the particulars specified in the foregoing clauses: Provided further that] where 27[such alternate] Friday is a public holiday under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (26 of 1881), for one or more offices of a scheduled bank the return shall give the preceding working days figures in respect of such office or offices, but shall nevertheless be deemed to relate to that Friday: 28[Provided also that where the Bank is satisfied that the furnishing of a fortnightly return under this sub-section is impracticable in the case of any scheduled bank by reason of the geographical position of the bank and its branches, the Bank may allow such bank-- (i) to furnish a provisional return for the fortnight within the period aforesaid to be followed by a final return not later than twenty days after the date to which it relates, or (ii) to furnish in lieu of a fortnightly return a monthly return to be sent not later than twenty days after the end of the month to which it relates giving the details specified in this sub-section in respect of such bank at the close of business for the month.]] 27 [(2A) Where the last Friday of a month is not an alternate Friday for the purpose of sub-section(2), every scheduled bank shall send to the Bank, a special return giving the details specified in sub-section (2) as at the close of business on such last Friday or where such last Friday is a public holiday under the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (26 of 1881), as at the close of business on the preceding working day and such return shall be sent not later than seven days after the date to which it relates.] 29[(3) If the average daily balance held at the Bank by a scheduled bank during any 8 [fortnight] is below the minimum prescribed by or under sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A), such scheduled bank shall be liable to pay to the Bank in respect of that 30[fortnight] penal interest at a rate of three per cent. above the bank rate on the amount by which such balance with the Bank falls short of the prescribed minimum, and if during the next succeeding 30[fortnight], such average daily balance is still below the prescribed minimum, the rates of penal interest shall be increased to a rate of five per cent, above the bank rate in respect of that 30[fortnight] and each subsequent 8[fortnight] during which the default continues on the amount by which such balance at the Bank falls short of the prescribed minimum.] 31[(3A) When under the provisions of sub-section (3) penal interest at the increased rate of five per cent, above the bank rate has become payable by a scheduled bank, 32[if thereafter the average daily balance held at the Bank during the next succeeding 33[fortnight] is still below the prescribed minimum,-- (a) every director, manager or secretary of the scheduled bank, who is knowingly and wilfully a party to the default, shall be punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees and with a further fine which may extend to five hundred rupees for each subsequent 33[fortnight] during which the default continues, and (b) the Bank may prohibit the scheduled bank from receiving after the said 33[fortnight] any fresh deposit,] and, if default is made by the scheduled bank in complying with the prohibition referred to in clause (b), every director and officer of the scheduled bank who is knowingly and wilfully a party to such default or who through negligence or otherwise contributes to such default shall in respect of each such default be punishable with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees and with a further fine which may extend to five hundred rupees for each day after the first on which a deposit received in contravention of such prohibition is retained by the scheduled bank. Explanation.--In this sub-section officer includes a 34*** manager, secretary, branch manager, and branch secretary.] (4) Any scheduled bank failing to comply with the provisions of sub-section (2) 35[shall be liable to pay to the Bank] a penalty of one hundred rupees for each day during which the failure continues. 36[(5) (a) The penalties imposed by sub-sections (3) and (4) shall be payable within a period of fourteen days from the date on which a notice issued by the Bank demanding the payment of the same is served on the scheduled bank, and in the event of failure of the scheduled bank to pay the same within such period, may be levied by a direction of the principal civil court having jurisdiction in the area where an office of the defaulting bank is situated, such direction to be mode only upon an application made in this behalf to the court by the Bank; (b) when the court makes a direction under clause (a), it shall issue a certificate specifying the sum payable by the scheduled bank and every such certificate shall be enforceable in the same manner as if it were a decree made by the court in a suit; (c) notwithstanding anything contained in this section, if the Bank is satisfied that the defaulting bank and sufficient cause for its failure to comply with the provisions of sub-section (1), (1A) or (2), it may not demand the payment of the penal interest of the penalty, as the case may be.] 37[(6) The Bank shall, save as hereinafter provided, by notification in the Gazette of India,-- (a) direct the inclusion in the Second Schedule of any bank not already so included which carries on the business of banking 38[in India] and which-- (i) has a paid-up capital and reserve of an aggregate value of not less than five lakhs or rupees, and (ii) satisfies and Bank that its affairs are not being conducted in a manner detrimental to the interests of its depositors, and (iii) 39[is a State co-operative bank or a company] as defined 40[section 3of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), or an institution notified by the Central Government in this behalf] or a corporation or a company incorporated by or under any law in force in any place 41[outside India]; (b) direct the exclusion from that Schedule of any scheduled bank,-- (i) the aggregate value of whose paid-up capital and reserves becomes at any time less than five lakhs of rupees, or (ii) which is, in the opinion of the Bank after making an inspection under section 35 of the 42[Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (10 of 1949)], conducting its affairs to the detriment of the interests of its depositors, or (iii) which goes into liquidation or otherwise ceases to carry on banking business: Provided that the Bank may, on application of the scheduled bank concerned and subject to such conditions, if any, as it may impose, defer the making of a direction under sub-clause (i) or sub-clause (ii) of clause (b) for such period as the Bank consider reasonable to give the scheduled bank an opportunity of increasing the aggregate value of its paid-up capital and reserves to not less than five lakhs of rupees or, as the case may be, of removing the defects in the conduct of its affairs; (c) alter the description in that Schedule whenever any scheduled bank changes its name. Explanation.--In this sub-section the expression value means the real or exchangeable value and not the nominal value which may be shown in the books of the bank concerned; and if any dispute arises in computing the aggregate value of the paid-up capital and reserves of a bank, a determination thereof by the Bank shall be final for the purposes of this sub-section.] 43[(6A) In considering whether a State co-operative bank or a regional rural bank should be included in or excluded from the Second Schedule, it shall be competent for the Bank to act on a certificate from the National Bank on the question whether or not a State co-operative bank or a regional rural bank, as the case may be, satisfies the requirements as to paid-up capital and reserves or whether its affairs are not being conducted in a manner detrimental to the interests of its depositors.] 44[(7) The Bank may, for such period and subject to such conditions as may be specified, grant to any scheduled bank such exemptions from the provisions of this section as it thinks fit with reference to all or any of its offices or with reference to the whole or any part of its assets and liabilities.] 1. Subs. by Act 38 of 1956, s. 5, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. (6-10-1956). 2. Subs. by Act 26 of 2006, s. 3, for “three per cent. of the total of the demand and time liabilities in India of such bank as shown in the return referred to in sub-section (2)” (w.e.f. 1-4-2007). 3. The proviso omitted by s. 3, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2007). 4. Subs. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6, for “of a week” (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 5. Subs. by s. 6, ibid. for clause (b) (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 6. Subs. by Act 23 of 1965, s. 6, for clause (c) (w.e.f. 1-3-1966). 7. The words “or from the Development Bank” omitted by Act 53 of 2003, s. 12 and the Schedule (w.e.f. 2-7-2004). 8. Ins. by Act 28 of 1981, s. 40 and the Second Schedule (w.e.f. 1-1-1982). 9. Ins. by Act 62 of 1984, s. 71 and the Third Schedule (w.e.f. 20-3-1985). 10. Ins. by Act 53 of 1987, s. 56 and the Second Schedule (w.e.f. 9-7-1988). 11. Subs. by Act 61 of 1981, s. 61 and the Second Schedule, for “Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation” (w.e.f. 12-7-1982). 12. Ins. by Act 39 of 1989, s. 53 and the Second Schedule (w.e.f. 7-3-1990). 13. Ins. by Act 17 of 2021, s. 47 and the Second Schedule (w.e.f. 19-4-2021). 14. The words “or from the State Bank or from any other bank notified by the Central Government in this behalf, and” omitted by Act 51 of 1974, s. 11 (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 15. Ins. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6 (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 16. The words “required to be” omitted by Act 51 of 1974, s. 11 (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 17. Ins. by s. 11, ibid. (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 18. Subs. by Act 35 of 1962, s. 3, for certain words (w.e.f. 15-9-1962). 19. Added by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6 (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 20. Sub-sections (1AA) and (1B) omitted by Act 26 of 2006, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2007). 21. Subs. by Act 32 of 1951, s. 16, for sub-section (2) (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 22. Subs. by Act 51 of 1974, s. 11, for “other than the State Bank and any other bank notified by the Central Government in this behalf” (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 23. Clause (aa) omitted by Act 51 of 1974, s. 11 (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). Earlier inserted by Act 54 of 1953, s. 6 (w.e.f. 30-12-1953). 24. Ins. by Act 54 of 1953, s. 6 (w.e.f. 30-12-1953). 25. Subs. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6, for “at the close of business on each Friday, and every such return shall be sent not later than five days after the date to which it relates” (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 26. Subs. by Act 51 of 1974, s. 11, for “Provided that” (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 27. Ins. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6 (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 28. Subs. by s. 6, ibid., for the third proviso (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 29. Subs. by Act 38 of 1956, s. 5, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 6-10-1956). 30. Subs. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6, for “week” (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 31. Ins. by Act 38 of 1940, s. 2 (w.e.f. 27-22-1940). 32. Subs. by Act 38 of 1956, s. 5, for certain words (w.e.f. 6-10-1956). 33. Subs. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 6, for “week” (w.e.f. 29-3-1985). 34. The words “managing agent” omitted by Act 32 of 1951, s. 16 (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 35. Subs. by s. 16, ibid., for “shall be liable to pay to the Central Government or to the Bank, as the case may be, or to each,” (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 36. Subs. by Act 35 of 1962, s. 4, for sub-section (5) (w.e.f. 15-9-1962). 37. Subs. by Act 10 of 1949, s. 55 and the First Schedule, for sub-section (6) (w.e.f. 16-3-1949). 38. Subs. by Act 32 of 1951, s. 16, for “in any State of India” (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 39. Subs. by Act 23 of 1965, s. 6, for “is a company” (w.e.f. 1-3-1966). 40. Subs. by Act 19 of 1957, s. 4, for “clause (2) of section 2 of the Indian Companies Act, 1913 (7 of 1913)” (w.e.f. 8-6-1957). 41. Subs. by Act 32 of 1951, s. 16, for “outside the States of India” (w.e.f. 1-11-1951). 42. Subs. by Act 51 of 1974, s. 3, for “Banking Companies Act, 1949” (w.e.f. 13-12-1974). 43. Ins. by Act 61 of 1981, s. 61 and the Second Schedule (w.e.f. 12-7-1982). 44. Ins. by Act 32 of 1951, s. 16 (w.e.f. 1-11-1951).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 47. Allocation of surplus profits. ### Content: 1[47. Allocation of surplus profits.--After making provision for bad and doubtful debts, depreciation in assets, contributions to staff and superannuation fund 2[and for all other matters for which provision is to be made by or under this Act or which] are usually provided for by bankers, the balance, of the profits shall be paid to the Central Government.] 1. Subs. by Act 62 of 1948, s. 7 and the Schedule, for section 47 (w.e.f. 1-1-1949). 2. Subs. by Act 24 of 1955, s. 8, for "and such other contingencies as" (w.e.f. 8-5-1955).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 29. Bank exempt from stamp duty on bank notes. ### Content: The Bank shall not be liable to the payment of any stamp duty under the Indian Stamp Act, 1899 (2 of 1899) in respect of bank notes 1*** issued by it. 1. The words "or Burma notes" omitted by Act 11 of 1947, s. 16 (w.e.f. 1-4-1947) which was earlier inserted by the M.O. 1937.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 25. Form of bank notes. ### Content: The design, form the material of bank notes shall be such as may be approved by the 1[Central Government] after consideration of the recommendations made by the Central Board. 1. Subs. by the M.O. 1937, for "G.G. in C."
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45MBA. Resolution of non-banking financial company. ### Content: 1[45MBA. Resolution of non-banking financial company.--(1) Without prejudice to any other provision of this Act or any other law for the time being in force, the Bank may, if it is satisfied, upon an inspection of the Books of a non-banking financial company that it is in the public interest or in the interest of financial stability so to do for enabling the continuance of the activities critical to the functioning of the financial system, frame schemes which may provide for any one or more of the following, namely: -- (a) amalgamation with any other non-banking institution; (b) reconstruction of the non-banking financial company; (c) splitting the non-banking financial company into different units or institutions and vesting viable and non-viable businesses in separate units or institutions to preserve the continuity of the activities of that non-banking financial company that are critical to the functioning of the financial system and for such purpose establish institutions called "Bridge Institutions". Explanation.-- For the purposes of this sub-section, "Bridge Institutions" mean temporary institutional arrangement made under the scheme referred to in this sub-section, to preserve the continuity of the activities of a non-banking financial company that are critical to the functioning of the financial system. (2) Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provisions, the scheme referred to in sub-section (1) may provide for-- (a) reduction of the pay and allowances of the chief executive officer, managing director, chairman or any officer in the senior management of the non-banking financial company; (b) cancellation of all or some of the shares of the non-banking financial company held by the chief executive officer, managing director, chairman or any officer in the senior management of the non-banking financial company or their relatives; (c) sale of any of the assets of the non-banking financial company. (3) The chief executive officer, managing director, chairman or any officer in the senior management of the non-banking financial company whose pay and allowances are reduced or the shareholders whose shares are cancelled under the scheme shall not be entitled to any compensation.] 1. Ins. by Act 23 of 2019, s. 140 (w.e.f. 9-8-2019).
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 37. Counter-claim by defendant for any relief. ### Content: In any suit under this Act, the defendant may make a counter claim for any relief he or she may be entitled to under this Act.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45Q. Chapter IIIB to override other laws. ### Content: The provisions of this Chapter shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any other law for the time being in force or any instrument having effect by virtue of any such law.]
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 46. Determination of questions of law and procedure and of fact. ### Content: In suits under this Act all questions of law and procedure shall be determined by the presiding Judge; but the decision on the facts shall be the decision of the majority of the delegates before whom the case is tried: Provided that, where such delegates are equally divided in opinion, the decision on the facts shall be the decision of the presiding Judge.
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45NC. Power of Bank to exempt. ### Content: The Bank, on being satisfied that it is necessary so to do, may declare by notification in the Official Gazette that any or all of the provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to a non-banking institution or a class of non-banking institutions or a non-banking financial company or to any class or non-banking financial companies either generally or for such period as may be specified, subject to such conditions, limitations or restrictions as it may think fit to impose.]
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45W. Power to regulate transactions in derivatives, money market instruments, etc. ### Content: 1[45W. Power to regulate transactions in derivatives, money market instruments, etc.--(1) The Bank may, in public interest, or to regulate the financial system of the country to its advantage, determine the policy relating to interest rates or interest rate products and give directions in that behalf to all agencies or any of them, dealing in securities, money market instruments, foreign exchange, derivatives, or other instruments of like nature as the Bank may specify from time to time: Provided that the directions issued under this sub-section shall not relate to the procedure for execution or settlement of the trades in respect of the transactions mentioned therein, on the Stock Exchanges recognised under section 4 of the Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (42 of 1956). (2) The Bank may, for the purpose of enabling it to regulate agencies referred to in sub-section (1), call for any information, statement or other particulars from them, or cause an inspection of such agencies to be made.] 1. Ins. by Act 26 of 2006, s. 4 (w.e.f. 9-1-2007).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45Z. Provisions of this Chapter to override other provisions of Act. ### Content: 1[45Z. Provisions of this Chapter to override other provisions of Act.--The provisions of this Chapter shall have effect, notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any other provisions of this Act.] 1. Ins. by Act 28 of 2016, s. 222 (w.e.f. 27-6-2016).
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 3. Power of Central Government to exempt certain aircraft. ### Content: The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, exempt from 1[all or any of the provisions of this Act] any aircraft or class of aircraft and any person or class of persons, or may direct that such provisions shall apply to such aircraft or persons subject to such modifications as may be specified in the notification. 1. Subs. by Act 37 of 1939, s. 3, for "the provisions of this Act and of the rules made thereunder, or from any of such provisions,".
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45R. Interpretation. ### Content: 1[45R. Interpretation.--The words and expressions used in this Chapter and defined in Chapter IIIB shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them therein.] 1. Ins. by Act 1 of 1984, s. 10 (w.e.f. 15-2-1984).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 45ZO. Power to make rules. ### Content: 1[45ZO. Power to make rules.--(1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Chapter. (2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for-- (a) the procedure of functioning of the Search-cum-Selection Committee under sub-section (3) of section 45ZC; (b) the terms and conditions of appointment, (other than the remuneration and other allowances), of Members of the Monetary Policy Committee under sub-section (2) of section 45ZD; and (c) any other matter which is to be, or may be, prescribed by the Central Government by rules.] 1. Ins. by Act 28 of 2016, s. 222 (w.e.f. 27-6-2016).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 57. Liquidation of the Bank. ### Content: (1) Nothing in the 1[Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956)] shall apply to the Bank and the Bank shall not be placed in liquidation save by order of the 2[Central Government] and in such manner as 3[it may direct]. 4* * * * * 1. Subs. by Act 19 of 1957, s. 5, for "Indian Companies Act, 1913 (7 of 1913)" (w.e.f. 8-6-1957). 2. Subs. by the M.O. 1937, for "G.G. in C.". 3. Subs. by ibid., for "he may direct". 4. Sub-section (2) omitted by Act 62 of 1948, s. 7 and the Schedule (w.e.f. 1-1-1949).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 56. [Omitted.]. ### Content: [Power to require declaration as to ownership of registered shares].--Omitted by s. 7 and the Schedule, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-1-1949).
### Title: The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: Section 57A. Powers of Bank not to apply to International Financial Services Centre. ### Content: 1[57A. Powers of Bank not to apply to International Financial Services Centre.--Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the powers exercisable by the Bank under this Act,-- (a) shall not extend to an International Financial Services Centre set up under sub-Section (1) of Section 18 of the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 (28 of 2005); (b) shall be exercisable by the International Financial Services Centres Authority established under sub-Section (1) of Section 4 of the International Financial Services Centres Authority Act, 2019, in so far as regulation of financial products, financial services and financial institutions that are permitted in the International Financial Services Centres are concerned.] 1. Ins. by Act 50 of 2019, s. 33 and the second Schedule (w.e.f. 1-10-2020).
### Title: The Petroleum Act, 1934: Section 8. No licence needed for import, transport or storage of small quantities of petroleum Class A. ### Content: 1[8. No licence needed for import, transport or storage of small quantities of petroleum Class A.--(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Chapter, a person need not obtain a licence for the import, transport or storage of petroleum Class A not intended for sale if the total quantity in his possession does not exceed thirty litres, (2) Petroleum Class A possessed without a licence under this section shall be kept in securely stoppered receptacles of glass, stoneware or metal which shall not, in the case of receptacles of glass or stoneware, exceed one liter in capacity or, in the case of receptacles of metal exceed twenty-five litres in capacity.] 1. Subs. by Act 24 of 1970, s. 8, for sections 7 and 8 (w.e.f. 1-8-1976).
### Title: The Manipur (Village Authorities in Hill Areas) Act, 1956: Section 44. Death of parties. ### Content: If the plaintiff or defendant in any suit dies before the suit has been decided, the suit may, subject to the provisions of clause (d) of section 31, be proceeded with at the instance of or against the legal representatives of the deceased plaintiff or defendant, as the case may be.
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 14. Rules to be made after publication. ### Content: 1[14. Rules to be made after publication. --Any power to make rules conferred by this Act is subject to the condition of the rules being made after previous publication: Provided that the Central Government may, in the public interest, by order in writing, dispense with the condition of previous publication in any case.] 1. Subs. by Act 69 of 1985, s. 2, for section 14 (w.e.f. 16-10-1985).
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 20. [Repealed.]. ### Content: [Repeals.]--Rep.by the Repealing Act,1938 (1 of 1938), s. 2 and the Schedule.
### Title: The Petroleum Act, 1934: Section 4. Rules for the import, transport and storage of petroleum. ### Content: Show Related Subordinates The 1[Central Government] may makes rules-- (a) prescribing places where petroleum may be imported and prohibiting its import elsewhere; (b) regulating the import of petroleum; (c) prescribing the periods within which licences for the import of 2[petroleum Class A] shall be applied for, and providing for the disposal, by confiscation or otherwise, of any 2[petroleum Class A] in respect of which a licence has not been applied for within the prescribed period or has been refused and which has not been exported; (d) regulating the transport of petroleum; (e) specifying the nature and condition of all receptacles and pipe-lines in which petroleum may be transported; (f) regulating the places at which and prescribing the conditions subject to which petroleum may be stored; (g) specifying the nature, situation and condition of all receptacles in which petroleum may be stored; (h) prescribing the form and conditions of licences for the import of 2[petroleum Class A], and for the transport or storages of any petroleum, the manner in which applications for such licences shall be made, the authorities which may grant such licences and the fees which may be charged for such licences; (i) determining in any class of cases whether a licence for the transport of petroleum shall be obtained by the consignor, consignee or carrier; (j) providing for the granting of combined licences for the import, transport and storage of petroleum, or for any two of such purposes; (k) prescribing the proportion in which any specified poisonous substance may be added to petroleum, and prohibiting the import, transport or storage of petroleum in which the proportion of any specified poisonous substance exceeds the prescribed proportion; and (l) generally, providing for any matter which in 3[its] opinion is expedient for proper control over the import, transport and storage of petroleum 4[including the charging of fees for any services rendered in connection with the import, transport and storage of petroleum]. 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "Governor-General-in-Council". 2. Subs. by Act 24 of 1970, s. 5, for "dangerous petroleum" (w.e.f. 1-8-1976). 3. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "his". 4. Ins. by Act 24 of 1970, s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-8-1976) Rules YearDescriptionHindi DescriptionFiles(Eng)Files(Hindi)13-03-2002 The Petroleum Rules, 2002 पेट्रोलियम नियम, 2002
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 11. Penalty for flying so as to cause danger. ### Content: Whoever wilfully flies any aircraft in such a manner as to cause danger to any person or to any property on land or water or in the air shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 1[two years, or with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees], or with both. 1. Subs. by Act 44 of 2007, s. 12, for "six months, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-2-2008).
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 19. Saving of application of Act. ### Content: (1) Nothing in this Act or in any order or rule made thereunder1[other than a rule made under section 8Aor under section 8B] shall apply to or in respect of any aircraft belonging to or exclusively employed in 2[the naval, military or air forces of the Union], or to any person in such forces employed in connection with such aircraft. (2) Nothing in this Act or in any order or rule made there under shall apply to or in respect of any lighthouse to which the Indian Lighthouse Act, 1927 (17 of 1927), applies or prejudice or affect any right or power exercisable by any authority under that Act. 1. Ins. by Act 12 of 1972, s. 12 (w.e.f. 20-4-1972). 2. Subs. by the A.O. 1950, for "His Majesty's naval, military or air forces".
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 9B. Payment of compensation. ### Content: 1[9B. Payment of compensation.--(1) If in consequence of any direction contained in any notification issued under sub-section (1) of section 9A, any person sustains any loss or damage, such person shall be paid compensation the amount of which shall be determined in the manner and in accordance with the principles hereinafter set out, that is to say,-- (a) where the amount of compensation can be fixed by agreement, it shall be paid in accordance with such agreement; (b) where no such agreement can be reached, the Central Government shall appoint as arbitrator a person who is or has been qualified for appointment as a Judge of a High Court; (c) the Central Government may, in any particular case, nominate a person having expert knowledge as to the nature of the less or damage suffered by the person to be compensated and where such nomination is made, the person to be compensated may also nominate an assessor for the same purpose; (d) at the commencement of the proceedings before the arbitrator, the Central Government and the person to be compensated shall state what, in their respective opinion, is a fair amount of compensation; (e) the arbitrator shall, after hearing the dispute, make an award determining the amount of compensation which appears to him to be just and specify the person or persons to whom such compensationshall be paid;and in making the award he shall have regard to the circumstances of each case and,-- (i) the damage sustained by the person to be compensated in his earnings; (ii) if in consequence of any direction contained in any notification issued under subsection(1)of section 9Athe market value of the land immediately after the issue of such notification is diminished, the diminution in such market value; (iii) where any building or structure has been demolished or any tree has been cut or the height of any building, structure or tree has been reduced in pursuance of any direction, the damage sustained by the person to be compensated in consequence of such demolition, cutting or reduction and the expenses incurred by such person for such demolition, cutting or reduction; (iv) if the person to be compensated is compelled to change his residence or place of business, the reasonable expenses, if any, that may have to be incurred by him incidental to such change; (f) where there is any dispute as to the person or persons who are entitled to the compensation, the arbitrator shall decide such dispute and if the arbitrator finds that more persons than one are entitled to compensation, he shall apportion the amount thereof amongst such persons; (g) nothing in the Arbitration Act, 1940 (10 of 1940) shall apply to arbitrations under this section. (2) Every award made by the arbitrator under clause (e) of sub-section (1) shall also state the amount of costs incurred in the proceedings before it and by what persons and in what proportions they are to be paid.] 1. Ins. by s. 10, ibid. (w.e.f. 20-4-1972).
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 12. Penalty for abetment of offences and attempted offences. ### Content: Whoever abets the commission of any offence under this Act or the rules or attempts to commit such offence, and in such attempt does any act towards the commission of the offence, shall be liable to the punishment provided for the offence.
### Title: The Aircraft Act, 1934: Section 17. Bar of certain suits. ### Content: No suit shall be brought in any Civil Court in respect of trespass or in respect of nuisance by reason only of the flight of aircraft over any property at a height above the ground which having regard to wind, weather and all the circumstances of the case is reasonable, or by reason only of the ordinary incidents of such flight.
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 43. Suits to be heard in camera and may not be printed or published. ### Content: 1[(1) Every suit filed under this Act shall be tried in camera and it shall not be lawful for any person to print or publish any matter in relation to any such case except a judgment of the Court printed or published with the previous permission of the Court. (2) If any person prints or publishes any matter in contravention of the provisions contained in subsection (1), he shall be punishable with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees.] 1. Subs. by s. 15, ibid., for section 43 (w.e.f. 15-4-1988)
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 4. Remarriage when unlawful. ### Content: (1) No Parsi (whether such Parsi has changed his or her religion or domicile or not) shall contract any marriage under this Act or any other law in the lifetime of his or her wife or husband, whether a Parsi or not, except after his or her lawful divorce from such wife or husband or after his or her marriage with such wife or husband has lawfully been declared null and void or dissolved, and, if the marriage was contracted with such wife or husband under the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act 18651(15 of 1865), or under this Act, except after a divorce, declaration or dissolution as aforesaid under either of the said Acts. (2) Every marriage contracted contrary to the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be void. 1. Rep. by Act 3 of 1936, s. 53 (w.e.f. 23-4-1936).
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 13. Penalty for omitting to subscribe and attest certificate. ### Content: Every other person required by section 6 to subscribe or attest the said certificate who shall wilfully omit or neglect so to do, shall, on conviction thereof, be punished for every such offence with a fine not exceeding one hundred rupees.
### Title: The Petroleum Act, 1934: Section 22. Special rules for testing viscous or solid forms of petroleum. ### Content: Show Related Subordinates The 1[Central Government] may also make rules providing specially for the testing of any form of petroleum which is viscous or solid or contains sediment or thickening ingredients, and such rules may modify or supplement any of the provisions of this Chapter or of the rules made under section 21 in order to adapt them to the special needs of such tests. 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "Governor-General-in-Council". Rules YearDescriptionHindi DescriptionFiles(Eng)Files(Hindi)13-03-2002 The Petroleum Rules, 2002 पेट्रोलियम नियम, 2002
### Title: The Petroleum Act, 1934: Section 25. Jurisdiction. ### Content: (1) Offences punishable under this Act shall be triable in the Presidency-towns, by a Presidency Magistrate, and elsewhere by a Magistrate of the first class, or by a Magistrate of the second class who has been specially empowered by the 32[Central Government] in this behalf. 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "Local Government".
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 15. Penalty for failing to register certificate. ### Content: Any Registrar failing to enter the said certificate pursuant to section 6 shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend to one thousand rupees, or with both.
### Title: The Petroleum Act, 1934: Section 31. Power to limit powers of local authorities over petroleum. ### Content: Where any enactment confers powers upon any local authority in respect of the transport or storage of petroleum, the 1[Central Government] may, by notification in the Official Gazette,-- (a) limit the operation of such enactment, or (b) restrict the exercise of such powers, in any manner 5[it] deems fit. 1. Subs. by the A.O. 1937, for "he".
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 5. Punishment of bigamy. ### Content: Every Parsi who during the lifetime of his or her wife or husband, whether a Parsi or not, contracts a marriage without having been lawfully divorced from such wife or husband, or without his or her marriage with such wife or husband having legally been declared null and void or dissolved, shall be subject to the penalties provided in sections 494 and 495 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860) for the offence of marrying again during the lifetime of a husband or wife.
### Title: The Army Act, 1950: Section 74. Cashiering of officers. ### Content: An officer shall be sentenced to be cashiered before he is awarded any of the punishments specified in clauses (a) to (c) of section 71.
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 48. Liberty to parties to marry again. ### Content: When the time 1* limited for appealing against any decree granting a divorce or annulling or dissolving a marriage shall have expired, and no appeal shall have been presented against such decree, or when any such appeal shall have been dismissed, or when in the result of any appeal a divorce has been granted or a marriage has been declared to be annulled or dissolved, but not sooner, it shall be lawful for the respective parties thereto to marry again 2*. 1. The word "hereby" omitted by s. 19, ibid. (w.e.f. 15-4-1988). 2. The words ", as if the prior marriage had been terminated by death" omitted by s. 19, ibid. (w.e.f. 15-4-1988).
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 38. Documentary evidence. ### Content: 1[Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, no document shall be inadmissible in evidence in any proceeding at the trial of a suit under this Act on the ground that it is not duly stamped or registered.] 1. Subs. by s. 12, ibid., for section 38 (w.e.f. 15-4-1988).
### Title: The Payment of Wages Act, 1936: Section 7. Deductions which may be made from wages. ### Content: (1) Notwithstanding the provisions of 1[the Railways Act, 1989 (24 of 1989)], the wages of an employed person shall be paid to him without deductions of any kind except those authorised by or under this Act. 2[Explanation I].--Every payment made by the employed person to the employer or his agent shall, for the purposes of this Act, be deemed to be a deduction from wages. 3[Explanation II.--Any loss of wages resulting from the imposition, for good and sufficient cause, upon a person employed of any of the following penalties, namely:-- (i) the withholding of increment or promotion (including the stoppage of increment at an efficiency bar): (ii) the reduction to a lower post or time scale or to a lower stage in a time scale: or (iii) suspension, shall not be deemed to be a deduction from wages in any case where the rules framed by the employer for the imposition of any such penalty are in conformity with the requirements, if any, which may be specified in this behalf by 4[appropriate Government] by notification in the Official Gazette.] (2) Deductions from the wages of an employed person shall be made only in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and may be of the following kinds only, namely:-- (a) fines; (b) deductions for absence from duty; (c) deductions for damage to or loss of goods expressly entrusted to the employed person for custody, or for loss of money for which he is required to account, where such damage or loss is directly attributable to his neglect or default; 5[(d) deductions for house-accommodation supplied by the employer or by Government or any housing board set up under any law for the time being in force (whether the Government or the board is the employer or not) or any other authority engaged in the business of subsidizing house-accommodation which may be specified in this behalf by 4[appropriate Government] by notification in the Official Gazette;] (e) deductions for such amenities and services supplied by the employer as the 6* 4[appropriate Government] 7[or any officer specified by it in this behalf] may, by general or special order, authorise; Explanation--The word "services" in 8[this clause] does not include the supply of tools and raw materials required for the purposes of employment;] 9[(f) deductions for recovery of advances of whatever nature (including advances for travelling allowance or conveyance allowance), and the interest due in respect thereof, or for adjustment of over-payments of wages; (ff) deductions for recovery of loans made from any fund constituted for the welfare of labour in accordance with the rules approved by 10[appropriate Government], and the interest due in respect thereof; (fff) deductions for recovery of loans granted for house-building or other purposes approved by 10[appropriate Government] and the interest due in respect thereof;] (g) deductions of income-tax payable by the employed person; (h) deductions required to be made by order of a Court or other authority competent to make such order; (i) deductions for subscriptions to, and for repayment of advances from any provident fund to which the Provident Funds Act, 1925 (19 of 1925), applies or any recognized provident fund as defined 11[in clause (38) of section 2 of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (43 of 1961)], or any provident fund approved in this behalf by 10[appropriate Government], during the continuance of such approval; 12* 13[(ii) deductions made with the written authorisation of-- (i) the employed person; or (ii) the president or secretary of the registered trade union of which the employed person is a member on such conditions as may be prescribed, for contribution to the National Defence Fund or to any Defence Savings Scheme approved by 10[appropriate Government];] (j) deductions for payments to co-operative societies approved by 10[appropriate Government] 14[or any officer specified by it in this behalf] or to a scheme of insurance maintained by the Indian Post Office; 15[and] 15[16[(k) deductions, made with the written authorisation of the person employed for payment of any premium on his life insurance policy to the Life Insurance Corporation of India established under the Life Insurance Corporation Act, 1956 (31 of 1956), or for the purchase of securities of the Government of India or of any 10[appropriate Government] or for being deposited in any Post Office Savings Bank in furtherance of any savings scheme of any such Government.]] 17[(kk) deductions made, with the written authorisation of the employed person, for the payment of his contribution to any fund constituted by the employer or a trade union registered under the Trade Union Act, 1926 (16 of 1926), for the welfare of the employed persons or the members of their families, or both, and approved by 10[appropriate Government] or any officer specified by it in this behalf, during the continuance of such approval; (kkk) deductions made, with the written authorisation of the employed person, for payment of the fees payable by him for the membership of any trade union registered under the Trade Unions Act, 1926 (16 of 1926);] 18[(l) deductions for payment of insurance premia on Fidelity Guarantee Bonds; (m) deductions for recovery of losses sustained by a railway administration on account of acceptance by the employed person of counterfeit or base coins or mutilated or forged currency notes; (n) deductions for recovery of losses sustained by a railway administration on account of the failure of the employed person to invoice, to bill, to collect or to account for the appropriate charges due to that administration whether in respect of fares, freight, demurrage, wharfage and carnage or in respect of sale of food in catering establishments or in respect of sale of commodities in grain shops or otherwise; (o) deductions for recovery of losses sustained by a railway administration on account of any rebates or refunds incorrectly granted by the employed person where such loss is directly attributable to his neglect or default;] 19[(p) deductions, made with the written authorisation of the employed person, for contribution to the Prime Ministers National Relief Fund or to such other Fund as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify;] 20[(q) deductions for contributions to any insurance scheme framed by the Central Government for the benefit of its employees.] 21[(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the total amount of deductions which may be made under sub-section (2) in any wage-period from the wages of any employed person shall not exceed-- (i) in cases where such deductions are wholly or partly made for payments to co-operative societies under clause (j) of sub-section (2), seventy-five per cent. of such wages, and (ii) in any other case, fifty per cent. of such wages: Provided that where the total deductions authorised under sub-section (2) exceed seventy-five per cent. or, as the case may be, fifty per cent. of the wages, the excess may be recovered in such manner as may be prescribed. (4) Nothing contained in this section shall be construed as precluding the employer from recovering from the wages of the employed person or otherwise any amount payable by such person under any law for the time being in force other than 22[the Railways Act, 1989 (24 of 1989)].] STATE AMENDMENTS Kerala-- Amendment of section 7.--In section 7 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (Central Act 4 of 1936), in sub-section (2), after clause (o), the following clause shall be inserted, namely.-- "(p) deductions for repayment to the State Government of the amount of financial and granted under the Kerala Financial And (to the Discharged or Dismissed Labour) Rules, 1958" [Vide Kerala Act 34 of 1969, sec. 2.] (w.e.f. 8-10-1969). Karnataka Amendment of section 7.--In section 7 of the principal Act in sub-section (2), after clause (p), the following clauses shall be added namely:-- "(q) deductions to recover from a person re-employed after the termination of his former employment any amount paid to him from a provident fund or as a gratuity on such termination: Provided that such recovery shall not exceed 20 per cent of total earnings. Re-employment in this context means employment under the same employer; (r) deduction specially authorised by the State Government for purposes beneficial to the employed person". [Vide Karnataka Act 2 of 1977, s. 3]. Karnataka Amendment of section 7.--In section 7 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (Central Act 4 of 1936) (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), clause (r) shall be omitted. [Vide Karnataka Act 2 of 1982, s. 2]. Maharashtra-- Amendment of section 7 of Act IV of 1936.--In section 7 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936, in subsection (2), in clause (d), after the word "employer" the following shall be added, namely:-- "or the State Government, or the Bombay Housing Board constituted under the Bombay Housing Board act, 1948, or such other agency as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct". [Vide Bombay Act XXXVII of 1956, s. 2]. Amendment of section 7 of Act IV of 1936.--In section 7 of the principal Act, in sub-section (2), in clause (k), the words "for being deposited in any Post Office Saving bank" shall be deleted. [Vide Maharashtra Act XIII of 1961. s. 5]. Amendment of section 7 of Act IV of 1936.--In section 7 of the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 (IV of 1936), in sub-section (2),-- (a) in clause (j), the word "and" at the end shall be deleted; (b) after clause (k), the following new clause shall be added, namely:-- "(l) deduction made, with the consent of the person employed, for contribution towards any public charitable purpose which the State Government may by notification in the Official Gazette specify in that behalf." [Vide Maharashtra Act XLII of 1961, s. 2]. 1. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 6, for "sub-section (2) of section 47 of the Indian Railways Act, 1890 (9 of 1890)" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 2. Explanation renumbered as Explanation I thereof by Act 68 of 1957, s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-4-1958). 3. Ins. by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-1958). 4. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 3, for "the State Government" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 5. Subs. by Act 68 of 1957, s. 5, for clause (d) (w.e.f. 1-4-1958). 6. The words "Governor-General in Council or" omitted by the A.O. 1937. 7. Ins. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 8. Subs. by Act 56 of 1974, s. 3 and the Second Schedule, for "this sub-clause" (w.e.f. 20-12-1974). 9. Subs. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 6, for clause (f) (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 10. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 3, for "the State Government" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 11. Subs. by s. 6, ibid., for "in section 58A of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 12. The word "and" omitted by Ordinance 3 of 1940, s. 2. 13. Ins. by Act 42 of 1971, s. 6 (w.e.f. 4-12-1971). 14. Ins. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 15. Added by Ordinance 3 of 1940, s. 2 16. Subs. by Act 68 of 1957, s. 5, for clause (k) (w.e.f. 1-4-1958). 17. Ins. by Act 38 of 1982, s. 7 (w.e.f. 15-10-1982). 18. Ins. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 19. Ins. by Act 29 of 1976, s. 4 (w.e.f. 12-11-1975). 20. Ins. by Act 19 of 1977, s. 2 (w.e.f. 30-6-1977). 21. Ins. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 22. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 6, for "the Indian Railways Act, 1890" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005).
### Title: The Payment of Wages Act, 1936: Section 19. [Omitted]. ### Content: [Power to recover from employer in certain cases].--Omitted by the Payment of Wages (Amendment) Act, 1964 (53 of 1964), s. 17 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965).
### Title: The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937: Section 5. Penalty for counterfeiting grade designation mark. ### Content: Whoever counterfeits any grade designation mark or has in his possession any die, plate or other instrument for the purpose of counterfeiting a grade designation mark shall be punishable 1[with imprisonment for a term not exceeding exceeding three years and fine not exceeding five thousand rupees]. 1 Subs. by s. 6, ibid., for "with imprisonment which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both" (w.e.f. 15-4-1987).
### Title: The Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.: Section 47. Appeal to High Court. ### Content: 1[(1)] An appeal shall lie to the High Court from-- (a) the decision of any Court established under this Act, whether a Chief Matrimonial Court or District Matrimonial Court, on the ground of the decision being contrary to some law or usage having the force of law, or of a substantial error or defect in the procedure or investigation of the case which may have produced error or defect in the decision of the case upon the merits, and on no other ground; and (b) the granting of leave by any such Court under sub-section (3) of section 29: Provided that such appeal shall be instituted within three calendar months after the decision appealed from shall have been pronounced. 2[(2) Every appeal under sub-section (1) shall be heard by a Bench of two Judges of the High Court.] 1. Section 47 renumbered as sub-section (1) thereof by s. 18,ibid. (w.e.f. 15-4-1988). 2. Ins. by s. 18, ibid. (w.e.f. 15-4-1988).
### Title: The Payment of Wages Act, 1936: Section 11. Deductions for services rendered. ### Content: A deduction under clause (d) or clause (e) of sub-section (2) of section 7 shall not be made from the wages of an employed person, unless the house-accommodation amenity or service has been accepted by him, as a term of employment or otherwise, and such deduction shall not exceed an amount equivalent to the value of the house-accommodation amenity or service supplied and, in the case of a deduction under the said clause (e), shall be subject to such conditions as 2*** 1[appropriate Government] may impose. 1. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 3, for "the State Government" (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 2. The words "the Governor-General in Council or" omitted by the A.O. 1937.
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 2D. Insurers to be subject to this Act while liabilities remain unsatisfied. ### Content: 1[2D. Insurers to be subject to this Act while liabilities remain unsatisfied. -- Every insurer shall be subject to all the provisions of this Act in relation to any class of insurance business so long as his liabilities in 2[India] in respect of business of that class remain unsatisfied or not otherwise provided for.] 1. Sections (2A) and (2B) renumbered as sections (2D) and (2E) thereof by Act 47 of 1950, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-6-1950). 2. Subs. by Act 62 of 1956, s. 2 the Schedule, for "the States" (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
### Title: The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937: Section 3B. Powers of the authorised officer to seize agricultural produce. ### Content: 1[3B. Powers of the authorised officer to seize agricultural produce.--(1) An officer authorised under sub-section (1) of Section 3A may seize and detain any agricultural produce in relation to which an offence under this Act or the rules made thereunder is being, or appears to have been, committed, or which is intended or likely to be used in the commission of such offence: Provided that where any agricultural produce seized under this sub-section is subject to speedy or natural decay, the officer so authorised may dispose of such produce in such manner as may be prescribed. (2) The provisions of section 102 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) shall apply to every seizure made under this section.] 1. Ins. by Act 76 of 1986, s. 4 (w.e.f. 15-4-1987).
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 2B. Appointment of Controller of Insurance. ### Content: 1[2B. Appointment of Controller of Insurance. -- 2[(1) If at any time, the Authority is superseded under sub-section (1) of section 19 of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999, the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint a person to be the Controller of Insurance till such time the Authority is reconstituted under sub-section (3) of section 19 of that Act.] (2) In making any appointment under this section, the Central Government shall have due regard to the following considerations, namely, whether the person to be appointed has had experience in industrial, commercial or insurance matters and whether such person has actuarial qualifications.] 1. Ins. by Act 47 of 1950, s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-6-1950). 2. Subs. by Act 41 of 1999, s. 30 and the Fifth Schedule, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 19-4-2000).
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 97. [Omitted.]. ### Content: [Working Capital of Mutual Insurance Companies and Co-operative Life Insurance Societies.] Omitted by s. 86, ibid. (w.e.f. 26-12-2014).
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 101. [Omitted.]. ### Content: [Supply of documents to members.] Omitted by s. 86, ibid. (w.e.f. 26-12-2014).
### Title: The Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937: Section 3. Prescription of grade designations. ### Content: Show Related Subordinates 1[(1) The Central Government may, after previous publication by notification in the Official Gazette, 2[make rules to carry out the provisions of this Act. (2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:--] (a) fixing grade designations to indicate the quality of any scheduled article; (b) defining the quality indicated by every grade designation; (c) specifying grade designation marks to represent particular grade designations; (d) authorising a person or a body of persons, subject to any prescribed conditions, to mark with a grade designation mark any article in respect of which such mark has been prescribed or any covering containing or label attached to any such article; (e) specifying the conditions referred to in clause (d) including in respect of any article conditions as to the manner of marking, the manner in which the article shall be packed, the type of covering to be used, and the quantity by weight, number or otherwise to be included in each covering; (f) providing for the payment of any expenses incurred in connection with the manufacture or use of any implement necessary for the reproduction of a grade designation mark or with the manufacture or use of any covering or label marked with a grade designation mark 3[or with measures for the control of the quality of articles marked with grade designation marks including testing of samples and inspection of such articles or with any publicity work carried out to promote the sale of any class of such articles;] 4*** (g) providing for the confiscation and disposal of produce marked otherwise than in accordance with the prescribed conditions with a grade designation mark; 5[(h) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, prescribed.] 6[ 7[(3)] Every rule made by the Central Government under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.] 1. Section 3 re-numbered as sub-section (1) thereof by Act 20 of 1983, s. 2 and the Schedule (w.e.f. 15-3-1984). 2. Subs. by Act 76 of 1986, s. 3, for "make rules--" (w.e.f. 15-4-1987). 3. Ins. by Act 20 of 1943, s. 2 (w.e.f. 13-8-1943). 4. The word "and" omitted by Act 76 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 15-4-1987). 5. Ins. by s. 3, ibid. (w.e.f. 15-4-1987). 6. Ins. by Act 20 of 1983, s. 2 and the Schedule (w.e.f. 15-3-1984). 7. Sub-section (2) re-numbered as sub-section (3) thereof by Act 76 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 15-4-1987). Rules YearDescriptionHindi DescriptionFiles(Eng)Files(Hindi)27-01-2001 caraway (carum carvi, linn) and black caraway (carum bulbocastanum koch) Grading and marking rules 2000 24-12-2008 Honey Grading and Marking , 2008
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 110HA. Penalty to be recoverable as arrear of land revenue. ### Content: 1[110HA. Penalty to be recoverable as arrear of land revenue. -- Any penalty imposed by the Authority under this Act shall be recoverable as an arrear of land revenue.] 1. Ins. by Act 5 of 2015, s. 97 (w.e.f. 26-12-2014).
### Title: The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940: Section 14. Confiscation ### Content: Where any offence punishable under section 13 has been committed, the consignment of the drugs 1[or cosmetics] in respect of which the offence has been committed shall be liable to confiscation. 1. Ins. by Act 21 of 1962, s. 11 (w.e.f. 27-7-1964).
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 6B. Provision for securing compliance with requirements relating to capital structure. ### Content: (1) For the purpose of enabling any public company carrying on 1[life or general or health insurance or re-insurance business] to bring its capital structure into conformity with the requirements of section 6A, an officer appointed on this behalf by the 2[Authority] may, notwithstanding anything contained in the Indian Companies Act, 1913 (7 of 1913): -- (a) examine any scheme proposed for the purpose aforesaid by the directors of the company: Provided that-- (i) the scheme has been placed before a meeting of the share holders for their opinion and has been forwarded to the officer together with the opinion of the shareholders thereon, and (ii) the scheme does not involve any diminution of the liability of the shareholders in respect of unpaid-up share capital; (b) invite objections and suggestions in respect of the scheme so proposed; and (c) after considering such objections and suggestions to the scheme so proposed, sanction it with such modifications as he may consider necessary or desirable. (2) Any shareholder or other person aggrieved by the decision of the officer sanctioning a scheme under sub-section (1) may, within ninety days of date of the order sanctioning the scheme, prefer an appeal to the 3[Securities Appellate Tribunal] within whose jurisdiction the registered office of the insurer is situate for the purpose of modifying or correcting any such scheme for the purpose specified in sub-section (1). (3) The decision of the 4[Securities Appellate Tribunal] where an appeal has been preferred to it under sub-section (2), or of the officer aforesaid where no such appeal has been preferred, shall be final and binding on all the shareholders and other persons concerned. 5* * * * * 1. Subs. by s. 13, ibid., for "life insurance business" (w.e.f. 26-12-2014). 2. Subs. by s. 13, ibid., for "Central Government" (w.e.f. 26-12-2014). 3. Subs. by s. 13, ibid., for "High Court" (w.e.f. 26-12-2014). 4. Subs. by Act 5 of 2015, s. 13, for "High Court" (w.e.f. 26-12-2014). 5. Sub-section (4) omitted by Act 5 of 2015, s. 13 (w.e.f. 26-12-2014).
### Title: The Insurance Act, 1938: Section 27E. Prohibition for investment of funds outside India. ### Content: No insurer shall directly or indirectly invest outside India the funds of the policyholders.

Subsets and Splits