---
language: it
tags:
- adaption
- recycled
- gpt2-small
pipeline_tag: text-generation
---

# GPT-2 recycled for Italian (small, adapted lexical embeddings)
[Wietse de Vries](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/Wietse-de-Vries/144611157) •
[Malvina Nissim](https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/M.-Nissim/2742475)

## Model description

This model is based on the small OpenAI GPT-2 ([`gpt2`](https://huggingface.co./gpt2)) model.

The Transformer layer weights in this model are identical to the original English, model but the lexical layer has been retrained for an Italian vocabulary.

For details, check out our paper on [arXiv](https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.05628) and the code on [Github](https://github.com/wietsedv/gpt2-recycle).


## Related models

### Dutch
 - [`gpt2-small-dutch-embeddings`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-small-dutch-embeddings): Small model size with only retrained lexical embeddings.
 - [`gpt2-small-dutch`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-small-dutch):  Small model size with retrained lexical embeddings and additional fine-tuning of the full model. (**Recommended**)
 - [`gpt2-medium-dutch-embeddings`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-medium-dutch-embeddings): Medium model size with only retrained lexical embeddings.

### Italian
 - [`gpt2-small-italian-embeddings`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian-embeddings): Small model size with only retrained lexical embeddings.
 - [`gpt2-small-italian`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian):  Small model size with retrained lexical embeddings and additional fine-tuning of the full model. (**Recommended**)
 - [`gpt2-medium-italian-embeddings`](https://huggingface.co./GroNLP/gpt2-medium-italian-embeddings): Medium model size with only retrained lexical embeddings.


## How to use

```python
from transformers import pipeline

pipe = pipeline("text-generation", model="GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian-embeddings")
```

```python
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel, TFAutoModel

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian-embeddings")
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian-embeddings")  # PyTorch
model = TFAutoModel.from_pretrained("GroNLP/gpt2-small-italian-embeddings")  # Tensorflow
```

## BibTeX entry

```bibtex
@misc{devries2020good,
      title={As good as new. How to successfully recycle English GPT-2 to make models for other languages}, 
      author={Wietse de Vries and Malvina Nissim},
      year={2020},
      eprint={2012.05628},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```